양돈분뇨의 암모니아 저감을 위한 갈탄, 참숯 첨가제의 효능 분석

황현섭,오인환,장영수,Hwang, H.S.,Oh, I.H.,Jang, Y.S. 한국축산환경학회 2008 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The odours from spreading the slurry, manure storage tanks, and the stall are a source of annoyance for the neighbors and sometimes even become a case for civil appeal. Reducing the odourant and ammonia emission is an urgent need to be addressed. It is known that brown coal and oak charcoal have an ability to absorb odour. We designed an experiment set in lab scale and used the brown coal and oak charcoal as additives in the test to reduce odour. The test are divided into two categories; namely aeration and no-aeration. The additives were added to the each sample at a concentration of 5% and 10% of total base solids, besides the control samples. We carried out the Phenate Method for ammonia analyzing. In the non-aerated case, the results showed a reducing efficiency of 23.7% and 26.4% with an addition rate of 5% and 10% of additives, respectively. In the aerated test, the reducing efficiency of ammonia was 17.8% and 21.0% with an addition rate of 5% and 10% of additives, respectively. In case of oak charcoal, non-aeration showed removal efficiencies of ammonia at 15.9% and 16.1% with addition rates of 5% and 10%, respectively, With aeration, they were 11.4% and 26.4% with addition rates of 5% and 10% oak charcoal, respectively. The tests show that brown coal and oak charcoal have a reducing effect on ammonia emissions.

새만금 지역 간척지 및 인근 농경지에서의 비산 및 부유먼지의 지역별, 시기별 모니터링

황현섭,이인복,신명호,이광야,홍세운,서일환,유재인,권경석,김용희,Hwang, H.S.,Lee, I.B.,Shin, M.H.,Lee, G.Y.,Hong, S.W.,Seo, I.H.,Yoo, J.I.,Bitog, J.P.,Kwon, K.W.,Kim, Y.H. 한국농공학회 2009 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.51 No.5

A study on fugitive dusts was conducted at Saemangeum reclaimed land and the neighboring farm located at the west coast of Korea. After the area was completely reclaimed in 2006, halophyte plants and several windbreak systems were installed. The distributions of suspended dust particle was regularly measured through field experiment. The size of dust source area was also analyzed periodically and then it was determined to be in the following order: Buan > Gimje > Gunsan. The suspended dust which were dispersed to the neighboring areas were significantly affected by the size of the soil particles, wind velocity and wind direction. The results of Big Spring Number Eight (BSNE) experiments also showed that the concentration of the fugitive dust generated from the reclaimed land was reduced remarkably by the presence of halophyte plants. Recently, in 2008, the measured dust concentration rate was decreased by an average of 30.6%. The average dust concentration is expected to decrease further as more areas are being covered by halophyte plants.

간척지 인근 농경지에서의 비산 및 부유먼지 확산 모니터링(I) : 군산 모니터링

황현섭,이인복,신명호,홍세운,서일환,유재인,이승기,Hwang, H.S.,Lee, I.B.,Shim, M.H.,Hong, S.W.,Seo, I.H.,Ryu, J.I.,Lee, S.K. 한국농공학회 2008 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.50 No.4

A study on fugitive dust dispersion was conducted at Saemanguem reclaimed area located at the west coastal area of Jeon-buk Province Total reclaimed area is 40,100ha developed by building a 33km long sea dike through Gunsan, Gimje, and Buan. (Land: 28,300ha, Fresh Water Lake: 11,800ha) After this area was completely reclaimed in 2006, there has been high possibility of dust generation and dispersion to the neighboring area. The dust generated at the reclaimed land was composed mainly of minerals with high salinity, and it could make harmful effect on crop production as well on to human's health such as eye irritation and respiratory disease. Especially, when those aerosol particles are reached on the leaves of farm crops, the photosynthesis and respiration of the plants can be under restraint resulting in the decrease of agricultural productivity of the nearby farm areas. Furthermore, highly concentrated salty particles can directly damage the leaf cells. In this study, field experiment has been conducted to regularly measure the locally suspended dust particles and analyze how they were dispersed to the neighboring areas. The collected dust particles were analyzed to examine theirs sizes, concentrations, and components. The SPSS statistical program was also used to separate the dust concentration generated by the reclaimed land from the total dust concentration measured at the measuring locations.

축산농가 오수가 충주호에 유입되는 지천의 수질에 미치는 영향

오인환,이종현,황현섭,장영수,Oh, I. H.,Lee, J. H.,Hwang, H. S.,Jang, Y. S. 한국축산환경학회 2005 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.11 No.2

축산농가가 인근의 하천수질에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 충주호 주변 3곳을 선정하여 계절별로 지천의 수질을 조사하였다. 여름철에 T-N이 상류와 하류에서 각각 최소 0.005에서 최대 5.005 ppm이 조사되었고, 인산성 인이 S2 지점의 하류에서 0.5 ppm 검출되었다. COD는 8에서 20 ppm의 범위를 나타내었다. 가을철에 총 질소는 3측정지점을 통털어 상류지점에서 최저 0.005 ppm, 하류지점에서 최고 5.005 ppm을 나타내었으며, 역시 S2 지점의 하류에서 인산성 인이 0.5 ppm을 나타내었다. COD는 3 ppm에서 6 ppm의 범위를 나타내어 여름철보다 양호하였다. 겨울철에는 총 질소가 상류지점에서 최저치 0.053 ppm을 하류지점에서 최대치 0.51 ppm을 나타내었으며, 인산성 인은 S2 지점의 하류에서만 0.5 ppm을 나타내었고, COD는 가을철과 비슷하게 3 ppm에서 6 ppm을 나타내었다. 충주호 지천의 수질분석에서 여름철보다는 가을, 겨울철로 접어들면서 수질이 양호해지는 것으로 나타났으며, 전반적으로 축산농가에서 유출되는 오수가 지천에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 판단된다. To investigate the influence of livestock farm's wastewater on the near stream, the water quality of 3 different streams are analysed after seasons. In summer, the minimum T-N in the upper stream was 0.005 ppm and the maximum T-N in the down stream was 5.005 ppm. The phosphate was detected only in down stream of S2 point and was 0.5 ppm. COD was varied from 8 ppm in upper stream to 20 ppm in down stream. In fall, the T-N and the phosphate had shown similar results as that of in summer, however COD was varied from 3 ppm in upper stream to 6 ppm in down stream. In winter, the minimum T-N in the upper stream was 0.053 ppm and the maximum T-N in the down stream was 0.51 ppm. The phosphate was detected only in down stream of S2 point and was 0.5 ppm. COD was varied from 3 ppm in upper stream to 6 ppm in down stream. To be becoming fall and winter, the water quality of streams showed better than that of summer, and the wastewater from the livestock farms had little influence on the near streams.

새만금 간척 지역의 비산 및 부유 먼지 확산 모니터링 및 예측

황현섭 ( H. -s. Hwang ),이인복 ( I. -b. Lee ),서일환 ( I. -h. Seo ),홍세운 ( S. -w. Hong ),( J. Bitog ),유재인 ( J. -i. Yoo ),권경석 ( K. -s. Kwon ),최지선 ( J. -s. Choi ) 한국농공학회 2009 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2009 No.-

A study on fugitive dust dispersion was conducted in a 40,100ha reclaimed land located at the west coastal part of Korea. The dusts are composed mainly of minerals with high salinity that is very harmful to human’s health such as skin and eye irritations and If frequently inhaled, respiratory disease can occur. More so, the highly concentrated salty dusts can be very harmful to farms located nearby. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to predict the dispersion of fugitive dust from Saemangeum reclaimed land considering the topography of the area. Field experiment is the ideal method to understand real aerodynamic phenomenon. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to find a correlation between weather condition and dust dispersion because of limited measuring points, labor and time. Moreover, the weather condition is always unstable and unpredictable as well as cannot be artificially controlled. To overcome these limitations, CFD simulation was used to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the dust dispersion phenomenon according to various weather conditions. Great effort has been needed to improve the CFD accuracy with topographical design, mesh structure, particle generation, and computational process by parallel processing technique. Results from this study in 2006, 2007 and 2008 showed that the changes in dust source are highly connected with the changes of dust concentration. The dust concentration shows a decreasing trend in 2008, and it is expected to decrease further as more dust source areas are being covered by plants. The samples analyzed through SEM showed that most dust particles are large in size with irregular dimension. Dust dispersion ranges of CFD result were compared with that of field experiment at the same measuring points for the CFD validity, and the results at stable weather condition were very acceptable with an average error of 6.8%. The vertically dust concentration of the CFD results also became very similar with the general log-profile of fugitive and suspended dust presented by Gillies et al. (2004). The results also showed that the dispersion of the fugitive dust was mainly affected by particle size, wind speed as well as wind direction. On the basis of 10 μm particle size, the diffused distance of fugitive dust resulted in 3,100m with the wind speed of 1.7m/s at 10 m height from the ground while 6,300m with 3.9m/s. Through this study, it was found that the CFD technology can be effectively used to complement the field experiment at studies and more accurate of reliable results can be obtained.

생물생산시설 및 환경공학 분야 : 양돈분뇨의 암모니아 저감을 위한 첨가제(갈탄, 참숯)의 효능분석에 관한 연구

황현섭 ( H. S. Hwang ),오인환 ( I. H. Oh ),장영수 ( Y. S. Jang ) 한국농업기계학회 2004 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.9 No.2

CFD를 활용한 복잡한 지형 내 축산 악취의 확산 예측

홍세운 ( S. -w. Hong ),이인복 ( I. -b. Lee ),황현섭 ( H. -s. Hwang ),서일환 ( I. -h. Seo ),유재인 ( J. -i. Yoo ),( J. P. Bitog ),권경석 ( K. -s. Kwon ),최지선 ( J. -s. Choi ) 한국농공학회 2009 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2009 No.-

Odor is one of the major nuisances in the environment. In most countries, odor annoyance from livestock production is an increasing problem in the community. In order to reduce the odor inconvenience and establish a good relation between livestock industries and the surrounding communities, many studies on the odor dispersion, such as diffusion simulations and field experiments have been investigated. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been effectively and widely used to study this kind of research. CFD considers both various wind conditions as well as topographical conditions to study aerodynamic phenomenon. Therefore, the ultimate objective of the study was to develop an aerodynamic model to predict qualitatively and quantitatively odor diffusion from livestock. During the first year of this 3-year study, various phenomena and factors of odor diffusion from livestock houses were investigated from field experiments. In the second year, mesh models of the study area with a 1.8km radius were built with 5m resolution. Modules for the atmospheric phenomena were also made by user defined functions and linked into a main computing module. The dispersion of odor was predicted by the 3D CFD model and practically agreed to the field measured data. Later, this model will be used to arrange the odor-related conflicts as well as to predict the odor dispersion according to various meteorological conditions.

돈분퇴비를 여재로 이용한 Biofilter의 암모니아 제거효율

장영수 ( Y. S. Jang ),오인환 ( I. H. Oh ),황현섭 ( H. S. Hwang ),박상혁 ( S. H. Park ) 한국농업기계학회 2008 바이오시스템공학 Vol.33 No.4

CFD 기술을 이용한 자연환기식 다연동 온실의 환기 비교 연구

홍세운(Hong S.-W.),이인복(Lee I.-B),윤남규(Yun N.-K),황현섭(Hwang H.-S.),서일환(Seo I.-H),J.P.Bitog,유재인(Yoo J.-I.),권경석(Kwon K.-S.),김용희(Kim Y.-H.) 한국생물환경조절학회 2008 한국생물환경조절학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.17 No.1

딸기 고설재배시설에서의 이산화탄소 농도 유지를 위한 방풍막 설치 효과

김용희(Y.-H. Kim),이인복(I.-B. Lee),전창후(Changhoo Chun),황현섭(H.-S. Hwang),홍세운(S.-W. Hong),서일환(I.-H. Seo),유재인(J.-I. Yoo),J.P. Bitog,권경석(K.-S. Kwon) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2009 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.18 No.1

딸기 재배용 온실 내 재배 벤치에서 생산량을 높이기 위하여 벤치 주위에서 이산화탄소를 공급하는 경우 환기 등에 의한 풍속으로 인하여 작물 주변의 적정 가스 농도가 유지되지 못하는 현상이 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 이산화탄소를 보존시키고자 벤치 주변에 방풍막을 설치하는 방안에 대하여 분석하였다. 온실 내 벤치와 방풍막을 2차원 CFD 시뮬레이션으로 모델링하고 온실 내 공기의 풍속과 이산화탄소의 공급을 구현하여 보존되는 이산화탄소의 농도 분포를 살펴보았다. 또한 이를 통하여 설계한 온실의 환경조건에서의 적정한 방풍막 설치 높이를 제안하고자 하였다. 시뮬레이션에서 구현한 온실 내 풍속조건은 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 ㎧ 이고, 방풍막의 높이는 미설치, 0.15, 0.30 m이고, 각 조건에서의 이산화탄소 농도를 측정하였다. 설계상의 편의와 시뮬레이션의 간소화를 위하여 벤치위의 작물은 없는 것으로 가정하였다. 일반적인 온실 내의 풍속 조건은 1.0 ㎧로, 시뮬레이션 결과 이 때 벤치 위에서의 평균 이산화탄소 농도는 방풍막 미설치 시 420 ppm, 방풍막 설치 높이 0.15 m일 때 580 ppm, 0.30 m일 때 653 ppm으로 나타났다. 딸기의 최대 생산량을 위한 적정 생육 이산화탄소 농도가 600~800 ppm 정도인 것을 고려하여, 이와 같은 환경조건에서의 방풍막의 설치 높이는 0.30 m가 적당할 것으로 판단하였으나 이산화탄소 공급조건, 직물의 배치 등의 조건 변화에 따른 상황에서의 연구가 추가적으로 수행되어야 할 것이다. 이처럼 방풍막의 설치가 온실 내에 시비한 이산화탄소를 직물 주변에 머무르게 하는 효과가 상당함을 알 수 있었으며, 설계한 환경조건에서 작물별로 적정한 수준의 이산화탄소량이 공급되고 있는지를 판단하기 위하여 CFD 기술이 이용될 수가 있음을 보였다. The influence of windbreak to minimize the ventilation velocity near the plant canopy of a greenhouse strawberry was thoroughly investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology. Windbreaks were constructed surrounding the plant canopy to control ventilation and maintain the concentration of the supplied CO₂ from the soil surface close to the strawberry plants. The influence of no windbreak, 0.15 m and 0.30 m height windbreaks with varied air velocity of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ㎧ were simulated in the study. The concentrations of supplied CO₂ within the plant canopy of were measured. To simplify the model, plants were not included in the final model. Considering 1.0 ㎧ wind velocity which is the normal wind velocity of greenhouses, the concentrations of CO₂ were approximately 420, 580 and 653 ppm (1×10?? ㎏/㎥) for no windbreak, 0.15 and 0.30 m windbreak height, respectively. Considering that the maximum concentration of CO₂ for the strawberry plants was around 600-800 ppm, the 0.30 m windbreak height is highly recommended. This study revealed that the windbreak was very effective in preserving CO₂ gas within the plant canopy. More so, the study also proved that the CFD technique can be used to determine the concentration of CO₂ within the plant canopy for the plants consumption at any designed condition. For an in-depth application of this study, the plants as well as the different conditions for CO₂ utilization, etc. should be considered.