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김범철(Bom Chul Kim),전만식(Man Sig Jun),정근(Keun Chung),정연숙(Yeon Sook Choung),황길순(Kil Son Hwang) 한국환경생물학회 1999 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.17 No.4
Distribution of biota and removal efficiency of organic matter in natural wetland systems were examined from June to October 1998. The aquatic macrophyte communities were consisted of 13 families and 22 species. The composition of occurrence species were as follows: Phragmites communis Trinius are 35%, Persicaria thunbergii Nakai are 19%, Typha angustifolia L. are 17%, Bidens tripartita L. are 16%, Echinochloa crus-galli(L.) Beauv. are 12% and others are 1%. The fauna collected from 5 sites consisted of total 6 classes of macroinvertebrates. The composition of occurrence classes were as follows: Insecta are 76%, Oligochaeta are 19%, Gastrapoda are 4% and others are 1%. These included 18 families, 7 orders of Insecta. The larve and mosquito and midges were found in wetlands. Preventive strategies are needed for the suppression of mosquito at the stage of wetland planning and design. In wetland, removal efficiency of dissolved organic carbon is low because of primary production and the background level of DOC in the wetland discharge seems to be 5 ㎎C/ℓ, but those of BOD was ca. 50%. Wetlands receiving water of low concentration can not work as purification field.[Biota, Organic matter removal, Wetland].
김동섭,김범철,황길순,박주현 ( Dong Sup Kim,Bom Chul Kim,Gil Son Hwang,Ju Hyun Park ) 한국물환경학회 1995 한국물환경학회지 Vol.11 No.4
The trend of trophic state change was surveyed in a reservoir, Lake Paldang, that is water resource to capital area. Primary productivity of phytoplankton, chlorophyll a concentration, transparency, total phosphorus concentration, BOD, and COD were measured in 1988, 1990, and 1992-1994 at three sites; dam site, the inlet site of the North Han River, and the inlet site of the South Han River. Tophic state parameters of 1992-1994 showed trend of eutrophication compared with those of 1988. Trophic state was meso-eutrophic in 1988, but it was over eutrophic threshold in 1992. Chlorophyll a concentration at the dam site increased from 2-10 ㎍/ℓ in 1988 to 5-25 in 1992-1994, primary productivity increased from 500-1000 to 1000-2000 ㎎C/㎡/day, total phosphorus concentration increased from 10-30 to 20-120 ㎎/㎥, transparency decreased from 1.5-4 to 0.5-2.0m. Annual phosphorus loading increased from 297 tP/yr in 1988 to 938 tP/yr in 1993. 80% of phosphorus loading was contributed by the South Han River.
김범철,허우명,황길순 ( Bom Chul Kim,Woo Myung Heo,Gil Son Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회 1995 생태와 환경 Vol.28 No.2
The state of eutrophication in Lake Doam from August 1990 to May 1991 was studied by the measurement of dissolved oxygen, turbidity, phosphorus, and chlorophyll a concentration. And the phosphorus loading from the watershed was measured monthly at the four inflowing stream. The concentration of dissolved oxygen was about 4∼5mgO_2/l in the metalimnion and the hypolimnion in August. At the beginning of the autumn turnover in November the DO concentration was low 5mgO_2/l in the whole water column. Turbidity was higher 90 NTU in the metalimnion of Lake Doam in rainy season. In addion, SRP concentration was higher 120mgP/m^3 in the metalimnion during the rainy season, Chlorophyll a concentration was very high (106mg/m^3) in the epilimnion in September 1990, due to the bloom of Staurastrum sp. The phosphorus input from the watershed was calculated to be 18.2tP/yr. The phosphorus loading of Lake Doam far exceeded the critical loading for eutrophication.
허우명,김범철,황길순,최광순,박원규 ( Woo Myung Heo,Bom Chul Kim,Gil Son Hwang,Kwang Soon Choi,Won Kyu Park ) 한국하천호수학회 1995 생태와 환경 Vol.28 No.2
The longitudinal variations of water quality along the mainstream of the Nakdong River from May 1994 to October was surveyed by the measurement of chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, dissolved inorganic phosphorus, nitrate-nitrogen, ammonia-nitrogen concentration, and secchi disc transparancy. Chl. a, TP, TN, DIP, NO_3-N and NH_3-N concentration was maintained at high level during the investigation period. And they also showed the peak after the input of Kumho River. Chl. a concentration increased from 14.2mg/m^3 in May to 95.2 in October. TP and TN concentration was maintained always above 100mg/m^3 and 3∼4mgN/l, respectively. TN/TP ratio were less than 16 from June to September with a few exceptions. Therefore, nitrogen is the limiting nutrient in the Nakdong River. Trophic states were in the range of eutrophic to hypertrophic, from 60 to 80.
김범철,허우명,황길순,김동섭,최광순 ( Bom Chul Kim,Woo Myung Heo,GIl Son Hwang,Dong Sup Kim,Kwang Soon Choi ) 한국하천호수학회 1995 생태와 환경 Vol.28 No.2
The distribution of phosphorus in Lake Soyang from January 1985 to August 1992 was surveyed by the measurement of soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP), total dissolved phosphorus(DTP), and total phosphorus(TP) concentration. SRP concentration was in the range of 2∼7mgP/m^3 in epilimnion, and 4∼200mgP/m^3 in hypolimnion. The vertical distribution pattern of SRP showed a large difference with the season. SRP concentration decreased during the growing season of phytoplankton in the epilimnion of Lake Soyang and increased in hypolimnion during the oxygen depletion. Higher concentration near the bottom implies they are diffused from the bottom sediment where organic particles are settled and degraded. SRP, DOP, POP and TP concentration was higher in the metalimnion of Lake Soyang in rainy season. It might be related with storm runoff. General trend of TP variation is that the TP concentration of water column is increasing substantially from year to year. TP concentration in the surface water increased from 5mgP/m^3 at 1985 to 20mgP/m^3 at 1992.
남조류의 체외 대사부산물이 다른 조류의 광합성에 미치는 타감작용
김범철,허우명,황길순,안태석,심재형 ( Bom Chul Kim,Woon Myung Heo,Gil Son Hwang,Tae Seok Ahn,Jae Hyung Shim ) 한국환경생물학회 1994 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.12 No.1
The effect of cyanobacterial extracellular byproducts upon the algal photosynthesis was assessed to elucidate the allelopathic effect of algal blooms in eutrophic lakes. Algal cultures were filtered with 0.2㎛ membrane filters to remove algal cells and sterilized. 0 to 30㎖ aliquots of filtrate were added to 25㎖ culture suspensions of other algal species, and the ^14C uptake rates were measured. The filtrates of cyanobacterial cultures (Anabaena flos-aquae, Phormidium sp.) inhibited the photosynthesis of green algae (Selenastrum capricornutum and Scenedesmus brasiliensis), while the filtrate of Selenastrum capricornutum and Scenedesmus brasiliensis did not inhibit Anabaena flos-aquae. In the autoinhibition test Anabaena flos-aquae, Selenastrum capricornutum, and Scenedesmus brasiliensis showed positive, negative, and no effects, respectively.
김범철,박주현,이병진,허우명,황길순,최광순,채기숙 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-
The limnological survey of Lake Okjong was conducted for one year from June 1993 to May 1994 on the monthly basis. The loading of phosphorus, nitrogen and organic carbon from the watershed into the lake were monitored at the main in flowing sites. Secchi disc transparency , epilimnetic chlorophyll a, total nitrogen, total phosphorus concentration and primary production were in the range of 1.3~4.H m, 2.4~ 18.7 mg Chl/m³. 1.25~2.87 mg N/l, 7~65 mg P/m³, 325~2,113 mg C/m²/day, respectively. TN/Tl atomic ratio varled from 129 to 443. N/P ratio decreased in summer because phosphorus concentration was higher than in winter, while nitrogen did not vary much. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton was distinct. In winter and spring, diatoms, Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima and Aulacoseira italica were dominant while cyanobacteria, Microcystis sp.,M. ichthyovlabe, Phormidium sp. and P.valderianum var. tenuis were dominant in warm seasons. The dominant zooplankton species were Thertmocyclops taihokuensis in warm seasons while Boosmina longirostris were dominant in cold seasons. The organic carbon, nirtogen and phosphorus content of lake sediment were 8.0~14.8, 0.59~0.71, 1.14~1.87 ng N/g, respectively. The sediment of Lake Okjong can be classified as oligohumic based on C/N ratio. The total phosphorus loading from the watershed and fishfarm were estimated to be 2.7g P/m²/yr, which far exceeded the critical loading for eutrophication. The organic carbon loading from the watershed and primary production were determined to be 998t C/yr, 6,348t C/yr, respectively. Most of organic carbon was contributed by autochthonous primary production of phytoplankton. Trophic state of Lake Okjong can be classified as eutrophic
김범철,박주현,허우명,임병진,황길순,최광순,최종수 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 2001 環境硏究 Vol.18 No.-
In this study limnological characteristics of Lake Juam was surveyed from June 1993 to May 1994 in order to provides important information regarding water resources. Seschi disc transparency, epilimnetic chlorophyll a(chl-a), tatal nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP) concentration and primary productivity were in the range of 2.0~4.5 m, 0.9~13.6 mgChl/㎥, 0.78~2.32N/l, 11~56 mgP/㎥, 270~2,160mgCm^(-2)day^(-1), respectively. On the basis of TP, Chl-a and Secchi disc depth, the trophic state of Lake Juam can be classified as mesotrophic lake. The phosphorus inputs from non-point sources are concentrated in heavy rain episodes during the monsoon season. As a result, phosphorus concentration are higher in summer than in winter. TP loading from the watershed were estimated to be 0.9 gPm^(-2)yr(-1), which correspond to a boundary of the critical loading (1.0 gPm^(-2)yr(-1), which correspond to a boundary of the critical loading (1.0 gPm^(-2)yr(-1)) for eutrophication. From the results of the algal assay, both phosphous and nitrogen act as limiting nutrients in algal growth. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton community structure in Lake Juam was similar to that observed in other temperate lakes. Diatoms(Asterionella formosa and Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima) were dominant in spring and winter, cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa, M. sp. and M. viridis) were dominant in warm season. The organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content of lake sediment were 9.5~14.0 mgC/g, 1.01~1.82 mgN/g, and 0.51~0.65 mgP/g, respectively. The allochthonous organic carbon loading from the watershed and autochthonous organic carbon loading by primary production of phytoplankton were determined to be 1,122 tC/yr and 6,718 tC/yr, respectively. To prevent eutrophication of Lake Juam, nutrient management of watershed should be focus on reduction of fertilizer application, proper treatment of manure, and conservation of topsoil as well as point source.