중증급성호흡기증후군(SARS)의 한약 치료에 관련된 WHO 임상논문 보고에 대한 개관

장인수,형례창,한창호,Jang, In-Soo,Hsing, Li-Chang,Han, Chang-Ho 대한한방내과학회 2005 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

Objective: In the winter of 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) began to spread throughout the world. More than 5,000 cases were reported in China, including over 1,700 cases in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(Hong Kong SAR). The total number of cases reported from Canada and Singapore was more than 200. The total number of SARS cases world-wide reached 8,437 with incidences in 29 counties. Mortality from SARS is estimated at $10{\sim}12%$. When the SARS outbreak occurred in China, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China immediately initiated clinical research projects on the use of integrated herbal medicine and Western medicine for treating SARS. and, in Hong Kong SAR, research on the use of herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of SARS. Reports were released during convalescence. The objective of this study is to overview twelve clinical SARS reports of WHO on the treatment of SARS with herbal medicine and evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment of SARS with herbal medicine, and further to share experiences and knowledge of the treatment of SARS. Methods: Twelve clinical reports about SARS from the WHO were selected, overviewed and evaluated for efficacy and safety of treatments of SARS. Results and Conclusion: Twelve clinical reports about SARS showed that the integrated treatment may have advantages, and the advantages are reflected in the following findings: Firstly, herbal medicine is not targeted only at a specific etiology or a certain pathological link, but also at the pathological status of the patients at that particular time. Therefore, comprehensive readjustment was made through various angles, targets and channels to restore the balance of the body. Secondly, there are advantages in the differentiation of the disease and the treatment. Based on the various symptoms, herbal medicine enables the physician to adopt the most suitable principle, provide individual treatment, and to administer medicine in accordance with the actual process and nature of the illness. Thirdly, there are advantages in the results of the treatment; herbal medicine can relieve symptoms, promote absorption of lung inflammation, improve the degree of blood oxygen saturation, regulate immunological functions, reduce the required dosage of glucocorticoid and other Western medicines, and reduce case fatality rate, in addition to lowering the cost of treatment.

주사전자현미경(SEM)을 이용한 일회용침 끝의 미세 형태에 대한 관찰(2)

장인수,박종배,송범용,이창현,김현수,Jang, In-soo,Park, Jong-bae,Song, Beom-yong,Lee, Chang-hyun,Kim, Hyun-soo 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.5

Objective: There have not been so many study about the quality of acupuncture needle tip. In order to ensure safe acupuncture treatment, the quality of needle tip is essential. Therefore we investigated the current condition of the tip of the acupuncture needles in Korea. Methods: We have selected the needles that made by 8 companies in Korea, and selected 50 pieces from 1000 pieces each company by randomized methods. and observed the tip of each needle using a scanning electron microscope at ${\times}800$ magnification. Results & Discussion: We found that needles had several defects such as scratch marks on the surface, metallic scuff, lumps and irregularities of the needle tips, stubbed or malformed tips, tips of point off-center, peeled off coated tips. There was much difference on the quality of needle among the manufacturer, and some needles seem to need to do- thorough quality control. It is necessary to intensify quality management and a concentrated control on manufacturing process of acupuncture needles.

설계강우강도 적용에 따른 노면배수시설 기준 비교 검토

장인수(In-Soo Chang),박기범(Ki-Bum Park) 한국환경관리학회 2017 環境管理學會誌 Vol.24 No.1

기후 변화로 폭우, 폭설과 강풍 등을 포함하는 극한기상으로 인한 도로 노면배수가 신속환경의 변화에 따른 고속도로 사고 및 피해의 증가는 기존 고속도로 설계기준에 대한 개선 및 재정립의 필요성을 가져왔다. 특히 고속도로 배수설계에서 수리 및 수문 설계 요소, 그리고 고속도로 시설의 설계 기법은 강우량 변화에 대한 설계홍수량의 정립을 통해 합리적으로 배수시설을 결정하기 위하여 조사되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 국내 기후변화에 대응하는 고속도로 설계기준의 개선 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 기존 설계기준의 적절성, 강우강도와 수문인자 산정방법의 적용성, 기하학적 도로 구조의 배수특성이 검토되었다. 그 결과 설계 기준의 주요 개선 사항으로서, 설계강우강도, 수문학적인자(유출계수, 도달시간), 설계홍수 및 배수시설 설치 간격에 대한 결정 방법이 제시하였다. The change of highway environment, caused by extreme weather including heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall and strong wind, etc., due to climate change, and the increase of highway accident and damage have brought the needs of improvement and reestablishment for existing highway design standards. Especially, in highway drainage design, hydraulic and hydrologic design factors and the design methods of highway drainage facilities should be investigated for reasonably determining drainage facilities though the reestablishment of design flood for rainfall variation. In this study, we suggest the improvement direction of highway design standards against domestic climate change. we also examine the adequacy of existing design standards, the applicability for the calculation methods of rainfall intensity and hydrologic factors, and the drainage characteristics for geometric road structure. The main improvements of design standards include the methods for determining of the design rainfall intensity, hydrologic factors (runoff coefficient and time of concentration), and the design flood and spacing of drainage facilities.

다 축면 하지 보조기가 외반슬 교정에 미주는 효과

장인수,배성수,Chang In-Su,Bae Sung-Soo 대한물리치료학회 2002 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.14 No.3

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of multiaxial lower extremity orthosis on correction of genu valgum. 20 volunteers among people visited department of Rehabilitation Medicine, chungnam national university hospital, who had been diagnosed as genu valgum without other musculoskeletal problems were included. 10 individuals(mean age: 9.gyrs) who had been taken multiaxial lower extremity orthosis at least 12month were included in experimental group and the other 10 individuals(mean age: 11.7yrs) refused taking this orthosis in the control group. We measured the Q-angle & femorotibial angle using plain roentgenogram images at visiting day and repeat same test after 1year follow up. Multiaxial lower extremity orthosis consist of proximal horizontal bar with both thigh cuff, central vertical bar and distal horizontal bar with both shoes. we narrowed inter-shoes distance from start to 6th month and inter-thigh cuff distance together with above correction for next 6month in the frontal plane and from 10th month, dorsiflexed both shoes in sagittal plane. Also, we rotate the both shoes externally and retract the proximal vertical bar every month. This orthosis have to be taken at least 4 hours during sleep. The result were as follows 1. There were no statistical significant difference in each parameter between the right and left Q-angle before multiaxial lower extremity orthosis. 2. The left Q angle reduced $-11^{\circ}$ between 1st day and after 1year follow up showed statistical significant difference between multiaxial lower extremity orthosis taking group and non-taking(p<0.001). 3. The right Q angle reduced $-13^{\circ}$ between 1st day and after 1year follow up showed statistical significant difference between multiaxial lower extremity orthosis taking group and non-taking(p<0.001). 4. There were no statistical significant difference in each parameter between the right and left femorotibial angle before multiaxial lower extremity orthosis. 5. The left femorotibial angle reduced $-10.1^{\circ}$ between 1st day and after lyear follow up showed statistical significant difference between multiaxial lower extremity orthosis taking group and non-taking(p<0.001). 6. The right femorotibial angle reduced $-11.2^{\circ}$ between 1st day and after 1year follow up showed statistical significant difference between multiaxial lower extremity orthosis taking group and non-taking(p<0.001).

중증급성호흡기증후군(SARS) 치료에 사용된 한약 처방에 대한 고찰 - WHO 보고서(2004)에 사용된 처방을 중심으로

장인수,백유상,배선재,선승호,이재성,한창호,Jang, In-Soo,Baik, You-Sang,Bae, Sun-Jae,Sun, Seung-Ho,Lee, Jae-Sung,Han, Chang-Ho 대한한방내과학회 2009 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.30 No.3

Background : Early in November 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) began to spread throughout thirty-two countries around the world. A total of 5,327 cases were reported in China, including 1,755 cases in Hong Kong and 655 in Taiwan. The total number of cases reported from Canada and Singapore was more than 200. The total number of SARS cases world-wide reached 8,437 with incidences. Mortality from SARS is estimated at around 11%. Under the guidance of the World Health Organization (WHO), clinical studies on the use of integrated herbal medicine and western medicine for treating SARS were carried out in China and Hong Kong. The official report suggested that integrated treatment was more effective than western medicine alone in clinical symptoms, lung inflammation, blood oxygen saturation, immunological functions and others. Objective : To overview the treatment principle and the prescriptions according to the regimens and the stages for SARS of the reports, and further to broaden our knowledge of treatment of acute infectious diseases using natural herbal medicine. Methods : We reviewed nine of WHO SARS reports that comprehensively described the principles and methods of treatment and summarized them into eight treatment methods. We analyzed the herbal formulae on the basis of their treatment principles, evaluated them in accordance with warm disease study, listed frequently used herbs, and assessed patent prescriptions and herbal injections that were mentioned in the reports. Results and Conclusion : The reports divided the course of SARS into 3 to 6 stages such as high fever stage, fastigium stage, and convalescent stage. Frequently used herbs were Radix Scutellariae, Radix Paeoniae, Radix Astragali, Semen Armeniacae, Radix Pseudostellariae, Radix Ophiopogonis, and Fructus Schizandrae. Herbal decoctions were the primary method of treatment, while extracts or injections were secondary. Prescriptions were mainly based on the warm disease study. SARS is a viral disease caused by corona virus, and herbal medicine is proven to be effective against it. We believe that evidences and experiences from SARS cases can be a good reference to further researches on acute infectious diseases.

한의학 임상에서의 제모시술 치료 원리와 활용에 대한 고찰

장인수 ( In Soo Jang ),양창섭 ( Chang Sop Yang ),강세영 ( Sei Young Kang ),선승호 ( Seung Ho Sun ),이승호 ( Seung Ho Lee ),최혁용 ( Hyug Yong Choi ),서형식 ( Hyung Sik Seo ) 대한경락경혈학회 2012 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.29 No.1

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to discuss the diagnostic classification of the traditional medicine for pilosis, and the hair removal treatments in traditional medicine and its clinical application. Backgrounds : In recent years, appearance and beauty have become main interest that have positioned in the medical area. In clinical Korean medicine, a variety of methods such as moxibustion, superficial bleeding, multiple microneedling, facial meridian massage, herbal medicine facial pack, laser acupuncture, and intense pulsed light (IPL) have been applied. Methods and Results : Pilosis, a condition of abnormal hair growth, is stated for the first time in the publication, [Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases] by Chao Yuan-fang in 610 A.D. It shows that pilosis has been recognised as a disease for ages in Asia. Reviewing several publications, we found multiple approaches to pilosis were already existed in korean medicine. They include internal medicinal classification and its` medications. Acupuncture treatments also focused on regulation of radical causes and superficial removal of abnormal hairs. Specific treatments includes body and ear acupuncture, ear acupressure, hypodermic acupuncture, hypodermic acupuncture injection, laser acupuncture treatment. Physical and chemical methods of hair removal were widely invented. we resulted that significant scientific approaches to pilosis are under way in the korean medical field, and found a variety of medical treatments such as herbal medicines and dermatological methods. Conclusions : Hair removal treatments for pilosis in traditional medicine has a long history. Combined with advanced modern technology it can achieve greater advance in cosmetology.

유럽에서 유통되는 일회용침 끝의 미세 형태에 대한 관찰

장인수 ( In Soo Jang ),박종배 ( Jong Bae Park ),이태호 ( Tae Ho Lee ),이창현 ( Chang Hyun Lee ) 대한경락경혈학회 2004 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.21 No.4

Objectives: In order to ensure safe acupuncture treatment, the quality of the needle tip is essential. But, there have not been so many studies about the quality of the acupuncture needle tip. For this reason we have been already reported about the quality of acupuncture needle tip in Korea using scanning electron microscope(SEM) In 2002, 2003. In order to compare than other society, we investigated the current condition of the tips of the acupuncture needles sold in Europe. Methods: We obtained the needles made by 7 companies, which are sold currently in Europe, and selected 50 pieces out of 100 pieces from each company by randomized methods. And then we observed the tip of each needle using a scanning electron microscope at x800 magnification. Results and Discussion: We found that needles had several defects such as scratch marks on the surface, metallic scuff, lumps and irregularities of the needle tips, stubbed or malformed tips, tips of point off-center, peeled off coated tips, same as Korean needles. There was much difference on the quality of needles among the manufacturers, and some needles seem to need thorough quality control. Allowing for the high price, the quality of some needle in Europe generally are better than that of Korean needles. But some Korean needles hold a top position than European ones in quality. We want a good industrial standard to be made in acupuncture manufacturing fields in the near future, because the safety is not less valuable than the efficacy in medicine.

초기저류량에 따른 홍수기 댐운영 분석

박종진 ( Jong-jin Park ),박기범 ( Ki-bum Park ),최정구 ( Jung Koo Choi ),장인수 ( In-soo Chang ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2018 한국수처리학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Depending on climate change, abnormal floods and typhoons other than in the past are common. The dam shall reduce flood damage in downstream areas by controlling the amount of discharge from flood occurrence. However, the initial conditions of a dam in the simulation operation of a flood dam can be very important to show the results of the dam simulation analysis. In this study, the results of flood operation of dams were analyzed due to changes in the initial water level of the reservoir. The initial level of the five typhoons in the Andong Dam basin was changed from EL.160.0 m, the full water level of Andong Dam, to EL.150.0 m at 0.5 meter intervals. The change in the flood control rate was 36.96% for memi with the greatest peak inflow, or 100% for EL.160.0 m and 100% for EL.152.0 m. The flood retention rate was found to be 55.20% at EL.160.0 m and 22.61% at EL.150.0 m in Ewinia, where the total inflow of water was greatest. In case of discharge rate, in sanba, 99.58% of the flow rate of flooding was discharged from the space of EL. 160.0 m.

마황복용 후 사상체질별 이상반응에 관한 임상연구 : 무작위배정 이중맹검시험

이태호,형례창,양창섭,김락형,서의석,장인수,Lee, Tae-Ho,Hsing, Li-Chang,Yang, Chang-Sop,Kim, Lak-Hyung,Seo, Eui-Seok,Jang, In-Soo 대한한방내과학회 2009 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

Background : Ephedra (Ephedra sinica) has been widely used to treat respiratory disease in traditional medicine of East Asia for over a hundred years. Despite safety concerns raised by some, the use of ephedra in traditional medicine is documented over more than 1,800 years. It is well established that ephedra is one of the central medicines in Korean 'Seseng constitution' medicine. In Sasang constitution medicine, all humans can be divided into one of four types: Soeumin, Soyangin, Taeumin or Taeyangin, and each constitution type has their own typical characteristics. Accordingly, it is hypothesized that the adverse effects of ephedra differ depending on the Sasang constitution classification. Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine adverse effects of ephedra which is classified as a Taeumin herb, and to observe whether the response differs or not. according to Sasang constitution classification. Methods : The study design was a double-blind randomized controlled trial. The subjects were healthy adults 20 - 50 years old who agreed to participate in this study. They were allocated through randomization to either ephedra group (N=55) or placebo group (N=24). where ephedra extract (6 g of dried ephedra) and placebo with similar opaque capsules were given twice for one day. To compare the adverse events of ephedra according to Sasang constitution classification, we analyzed blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), pulse rate, the morning questionnaire, and patient's global assessment scale score for well known adverse events: palpitation, headache, sweating, tiredness, dyspepsia, and dry mouth. Results : After ingestion of ephedra, the pulse rate had a significant increase in all constitution types. The changes of diastolic pressure in Soeumin and the changes of pulse rate in Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin had a significant increase in the ephedra over the control group. In the ephedra group, the palpitation and dyspepsia score of the patients' global assessment scale had a significant increase in Soeumin, with palpitation and sweating score increasing in Soyangin. Others observations were insignificant results. Conclusion : The results of this study may confirm that the physical responses or adverse effects of herbs differ for each type of Sasang constitution. Future studies using other herbs will be required to ascertain the herbal drug reaction of Sasang constitutions.

최근 독성 문제가 제기된 한약재에 대한 고찰

장인수(In-soo Jang),양창섭(Chang-sop Yang),이선동(Sun-dong Lee),한창호(Chang-ho Han) 대한한의학회 2007 대한한의학회지 Vol.28 No.1