마황복용이 성인여성의 상태-특성 불안에 미치는 영향: 무작위배정 이중맹검 임상연구

양창섭,형례창,정현숙,김락형,곽민정,서의석,장인수,Yang, Chang-Sop,Hsing, Li-Chang,Jeong, Hyun-Suk,Kim, Lak-Hyung,Kwak, Min-Jung,Seo, Eui-Seok,Jang, In-Soo 대한한방내과학회 2007 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.28 No.2

Background : Over a thousand years of clinical preparation of Ephedrain traditional Korean medicine has confirmed effectiveness and security. Recently. Ephedra-containing herbal preparations to treat obesity are common. The aim of this study is to identify effects of Ephedra on psychological anxiety. Objectives : To determine effects of Ephedraon psychoactivity and autonomic nervous system. Methods : The study design was a double-blind randomized controlled trial. The subjects of this study were healthy adults. They were allocated to either the Ephedragroup (N =66) or the placebo group (N =32), Ephedra(8 g) or a placebo in similar opaque capsules was given twice a day for 2 weeks. Anxiety score was estimated with State-Trait Anxiety Inventory before first and after last medication. 36 of the Ephedragroup and 24 of the placebo group finished the trial and were analyzed. Paired samples T-test and independent samples T-test were applied to statistical analysis. Results : The following result was obtained: After taking Ephedra. state anxiety increased significantly. In the placebo group. both state and trait anxiety increased although significance was not reached. Conclusions : It is concluded that the intake of Ephedraplays a significant role in the increase of anxiety in healthy adults. It is suggested that anxiety level change should be considered when using Ephedra in clinics.

마황복용이 정상성인의 체중 감소와 심박변이도에 미치는 영향에 관한 예비 연구: 무작위배정 이중맹검시험

양창섭,형례창,여진주,서의석,장인수,Yang, Chang-Sop,Hsing, Li-Chang,Yeo, Jin-Ju,Seo, Eui-Seok,Jang, In-Soo 대한한방내과학회 2006 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

Background: Mahuang (Ephedra sinica STAPF) is well known as an herbal medicine and has been widely used to reduce body weight and increase athletic ability. However, as a result of reporting many cases of adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, use of dietary supplements containing ephedra was prohibited by the FDA. Objectives : The object of this study was to find the effectiveness of ephedra on weight loss without severe adverse effect. Methods : 16 healthy volunteers consisting of an ephedra group (N=8) and a placebo group (N=8) were investigated. Study form was a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. The ephedra group took 12g of ephedra while the placebo group took 12g of glutinous rice powder. Both groups were measured with BCA (body composition analysis) on weight loss and with HRV (heart rate variability) on its adverse effect before and after medication. Results : The following results were obtained after taking 12g of ephedra for 14 days. In the ephedra group, body weight reduced significantly. In the placebo group, there were no significant differences of body weight between before and after placebo treatment. There was a slight increase of heart beat rate and deactivation of cardiac activity. Parasympathetic nerves were deactivated, but balances of autonomic nervous system were well maintained. Conclusions : The results suggest that ephedra in healthy adults tends to reduce body weight and deactivation of autonomic nervous system and cardiac activity.

중풍 급성기에 있어서 레이저치료에 대한 최신지견 고찰 : 임상 논문을 중심으로

양창섭,장인수,선승호,Yang, Chang-Sop,Jang, In-Soo,Sun, Seung-Ho 대한한방내과학회 2010 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

Background : Low level laser therapy may be an effective method to protect tissue damage in acute stroke. Recently, series of clinical studies on the basis of animal experiments report efficacy and safety of laser therapy at early stages of acute stroke. Laser promotes mitochondrial ATP synthesis to reduce cell death by ischemic infarction. Objectives : To report possibility of non-invasive laser therapy for acute stroke by reviewing literature about its effectiveness, safety and mechanism. Methods : We searched papers using PubMed and 'Web of Knowledge' of Thomson ISI, using the keywords "Laser Therapy, Low-Level" and "Stroke". Limitations were last 10 years of publications and only in English. Search range includes RCTs, clinical reports, reviews and animal experiments. Papers not matched with inclusion criteria were excluded. Results : A total 223 studies were found, 203 excluded during title and extract screening. After scanning 20 papers the final 2 serial RCTs were selected and analyzed. They reported that transcranial laser therapy led in neuroprotective effect for acute stroke patents. Clinical evaluation factors showed favorable trend and initial safety. Conclusions : Non-invasive laser secured safety of clinical application. It may be a favorable choice for the acute stage of stroke.

고혈압 단계별 변증특성 분석

양창섭(Chang Sop Yang),김영은(Youn Geun Kim),김창석(Chang Seok Kim),김철(Chul Kim),송미영(Mi Young Song) 한의병리학회 2012 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.26 No.6

침구치료에 상용되는 고출력 레이저에 대한 고찰

양창섭 ( Chang Sop Yang ),선승호 ( Seung Ho Sun ),장인수 ( In Soo Jang ) 경락경혈학회 2011 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.28 No.3

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review laser acupuncture studies to find possibility for applying high intensity laser to acupuncture and moxibustion treatment. Methods : Searching papers was performed using search engines of five electronic databases, including Pubmed, Thomson ISI, EMBASE, Sciencedirect, and EBSCO, from inception to May 2011 without language limitation. Inclusion criteria were clinical studies with human, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case-control studies, and case reports. Selecting papers was performed with titles and abstracts in first step, scrutinize full text in second step, and then the extrated data was analyzed by two authors independently. The methodological quality for RCTs was evaluated using Jadad``s scale. Results : Total 8 papers, (3 RCTs, 5 controlld studies, and 1 case reports), were finally selected. The study dealt with surgical laser, argon and CO₂ laser was one for each, with GaAs laser was two, and with new semiconductor laser, GaN, were four. The output range was from 110 mW to 15 W. The study diseases were alcohol addiction, knee osteoarthritis, bronchopneumonia and asthma for children, and circulation. All studies reported positive effect. The methodological quality in all RCTs was low because of below 3 points and all studies had few subject numbers. Conclusions : We suggest that high intensity laser can be applied to acupuncture and moxibustion. Further rigorous and well-designed study will be needed for various disease. The oriental medical society needs to take active measures to study and clinical application of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment with high intensity laser.

마황 단기복용이 사상체질인의 불안에 미치는 영향 : 이중맹검 임상시험

형례창,양창섭,이태호,김락형,곽민정,서의석,장인수,Hsing, Li-Chang,Yang, Chang-Sop,Lee, Tae-Ho,Kim, Lak-Hyung,Kwak, Min-Jung,Seo, Eui-Seok,Jang, In-Soo 대한한방내과학회 2007 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

Background : Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, Ephedra sinica $S_{TAPE}$) has been widely used to treat respiratory disease in Asian over the past thousand years. The main ingredient of Mahuang is ephedrine, whose affects on the autonomic nervous system induce some adverse effects like vasoconstriction, hypertension, tachycardia, miosis, insomnia, dizziness, headache, etc. Although there were lots of reports about adverse effects of Mahuang, there were no clinical studies which evaluated the adverse effects of Mahuang on the autonomic nervous system by objective numerical value in the past decade. Objectives : The purpose of this report was to provide an objective assessment of state-trait anxiety that is caused by Mahuang, and to identify anxiety of Mahuang according to different Sasang constitution classifications. Methods : The study design was a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. The subjects of this study were 79 adults aged between 20 to 40 who agreed to participate. Because 8 adults dropped out, a total of 71 subjects entered the study. They were allocated through randomization to a Mahuang group (N=50) and placebo group (N=21). Each group took three opaque capsules (every opaque capsule containing 2g of Mahuang or none) twice a day. To compare the state and trait anxiety before and after taking Mahuang, we checked the anxiety by using STAI-KYZ. Results : The following results were obtained. Short-term administration of Mahuang significantly increased state-anxiety, but in the placebo group, there were no significant changes in state-anxiety. In the Mahuang group except females, there was more significant increase in state-anxiety of Soeumin than Soyangin and Taeumin in the 2nd measurement. Conclusion : It is suggested that the ingestion of Mahuang can increase sympathetic activity and induce anxiety. There was a significant difference among Sasang constitution classification. Especially, the response is stronger in Soeumin than other constitutions. If we use Mahuang according to the Sasang constitution classification in clinic, we could not only minimize the anxiety but maximize the potential curative value.

카페인이 HRV에 미치는 영향과 내관 자침의 효과에 대한 예비연구 : 무작위 이중맹검시험

정현숙,양창섭,남지성,장인수,김락형,서의석,Jeong, Hyeon-Suk,Yang, Chang-Sop,Nam, Ji-Sung,Jang, In-Soo,Kim, Lak-Hyung,Seo, Eui-Seok 대한한방내과학회 2008 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

Objectives : This study was to investigate the short time effect of caffeine on heart rate variability(HRV) and the effect of Neiguan(PC6) acupuncture stimulation on HRV. Methods : 27 healthy adult volunteers were randomly allocated to two groups: Neiguan group (N=13) or placebo group (N=14). The study was carried out under a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial method. Each group orally received the same tablets with 200 mg caffeine. After 1 hour, acupuncture was applied to the Neiguan(PC6) points for the Neiguan group, and for the placebo group was applied to a non-acupuncture point. Both groups were estimated with HRV 3 times, before and after caffeine ingestion, 20 minutes after acupuncture stimulation. Results : After taking caffeine, pulse rate, mean-HRV, and pNN50(the proportion derived by dividing NN50 by the total number of NN intervals) decreased, SDNN(standard deviation of all normal-to-normal (NN) intervals), RMSSD (the root square of successive differences), TP log, HF(high frequency), and HRV index was increased. There were significant changes to the autonomic nervous system after taking caffeine. There were no significant differences between the two groups after acupuncture at Neiguan. Conclusion : Caffeine could induce general activation of the autonomic nervous system. Neiguan acupuncture stimulation may not have significant influence on the autonomic nervous system.

현대 중의학 관점의 고혈압 연구동향 분석

김창석(Chang-Seok Kim),송미영(Mi-Young Song),양창섭(Chang-Sop Yang),김영은(Young-Eun Kim),예상준(Sang-Jun Yea),김철(Chul Kim) 한국의사학회 2013 한국의사학회지 Vol.26 No.1

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the research trends of hypertension in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), and it aims to promote hypertension research in Korean Medicine. Methods : We first collected more than 1,900 papers about hypertension research, and finally selected 108 papers related to this study. They were analyzed by the annul situation, the subject of the study, the perspective of TCM, the study stream, the research fields, the diagnostic patterns, and the distinguishing treatments of TCM. Results : The first review about hypertension in TCM was performed in 1963, and the number of studies has increased since 2000s. Doctors and researchers in China tried various diagnostic patterns to treat the patient because the diagnostic patterns were not unified. For this reason, most researches were reported to the diagnostic patterns and the treatments. Also we have discovered the diversity in treatments methods such as not only the typical herbal medicine, acupuncture, and Qigong but also specific treatments like Chuna, herbal acupoints stimulation, footbath, and pillow. Conclusions : Based on the results of this study, it can be proposed as follows : First, the various approach about hypertension in Korean Medicine is required. Second, the domestic research is needed to be extended to the external treatments as the distinguishing treatments of TCM.

마황복용 후 사상체질별 이상반응에 관한 임상연구 : 무작위배정 이중맹검시험

이태호,형례창,양창섭,김락형,서의석,장인수,Lee, Tae-Ho,Hsing, Li-Chang,Yang, Chang-Sop,Kim, Lak-Hyung,Seo, Eui-Seok,Jang, In-Soo 대한한방내과학회 2009 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

Background : Ephedra (Ephedra sinica) has been widely used to treat respiratory disease in traditional medicine of East Asia for over a hundred years. Despite safety concerns raised by some, the use of ephedra in traditional medicine is documented over more than 1,800 years. It is well established that ephedra is one of the central medicines in Korean 'Seseng constitution' medicine. In Sasang constitution medicine, all humans can be divided into one of four types: Soeumin, Soyangin, Taeumin or Taeyangin, and each constitution type has their own typical characteristics. Accordingly, it is hypothesized that the adverse effects of ephedra differ depending on the Sasang constitution classification. Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine adverse effects of ephedra which is classified as a Taeumin herb, and to observe whether the response differs or not. according to Sasang constitution classification. Methods : The study design was a double-blind randomized controlled trial. The subjects were healthy adults 20 - 50 years old who agreed to participate in this study. They were allocated through randomization to either ephedra group (N=55) or placebo group (N=24). where ephedra extract (6 g of dried ephedra) and placebo with similar opaque capsules were given twice for one day. To compare the adverse events of ephedra according to Sasang constitution classification, we analyzed blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), pulse rate, the morning questionnaire, and patient's global assessment scale score for well known adverse events: palpitation, headache, sweating, tiredness, dyspepsia, and dry mouth. Results : After ingestion of ephedra, the pulse rate had a significant increase in all constitution types. The changes of diastolic pressure in Soeumin and the changes of pulse rate in Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin had a significant increase in the ephedra over the control group. In the ephedra group, the palpitation and dyspepsia score of the patients' global assessment scale had a significant increase in Soeumin, with palpitation and sweating score increasing in Soyangin. Others observations were insignificant results. Conclusion : The results of this study may confirm that the physical responses or adverse effects of herbs differ for each type of Sasang constitution. Future studies using other herbs will be required to ascertain the herbal drug reaction of Sasang constitutions.

마황의 안전성에 대한 논란과 비만 치료에 있어서 마황 사용 지침의 필요성

장인수 ( In Soo Jang ),양창섭 ( Chang Sop Yang ),황의형 ( Eui Hyoung Hwang ) 한방비만학회 2007 한방비만학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Mahuang (Ephedra sinica) has been used widely to treat respiratory disease in traditional medicine for over thousands years. Mahuang preparations contain approximately 0.75~1% ephedrine alkaloids. Recently in North America, the Eephedra alkaloids has aroused a controversy due to its adverse effects in those using whole extracts as "dietary supplements" for weight loss or athletic performance enhancement. Objective : To discuss the need for clinical practice guidelines on the use of Mahuang. Results and Conclusion : It is widely assumed that Mahuang is one of the useful medicines and is safe for human body. Most of scientific literatures support that the safety of Mahuang prescription in common dosage. However, it has been claimed that there were some warnings and apprehensions about the harmfulness of Mahuang as dietary supplements. This article does not negate the fact that it is necessary to pay more attention for use of Mahuang in clinical situations. We assert that the establishment of clinical practice guideline on the use of Mahuang, which is based on scientific materials and consensus, is required in traditional medicine.