Informal Caregiving Patterns in Korea and European Countries: A Cross-National Comparison

장숙랑,Mauricio Avendano,Ichiro Kawachi 한국간호과학회 2012 Asian Nursing Research Vol.6 No.1

Purpose: This ecological study examined demographic and institutional differences in informal caregiving. We conducted a cross-national study about the characteristics of informal caregivers in 12European countries and Korea. Methods: Data were collected from individuals aged 50 years and older participating in the 2004/2005Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the 2006 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We examined the associations between informal caregiving and macrolevel characteristics (gross domestic product, total fertility rates, labor force participation rates, level of women’s empowerment,long-term care resources). Results: Korea and some southern European countries, notably Spain and Italy, had high percentages of women, homemakers, coresidents, and spouses in informal caregiving roles. In contrast, Northern European countries such as Denmark and Sweden had high proportions of employed informal caregivers. Lower female labor force participation was associated with higher proportions of women caregivers. A higher proportion of women caregivers in the population were also associated with a lower national gross domestic product per capita. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that several contextual and institutional variables are associated with the proportion of women participating in caregiving. Purpose: This ecological study examined demographic and institutional differences in informal caregiving. We conducted a cross-national study about the characteristics of informal caregivers in 12European countries and Korea. Methods: Data were collected from individuals aged 50 years and older participating in the 2004/2005Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the 2006 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We examined the associations between informal caregiving and macrolevel characteristics (gross domestic product, total fertility rates, labor force participation rates, level of women’s empowerment,long-term care resources). Results: Korea and some southern European countries, notably Spain and Italy, had high percentages of women, homemakers, coresidents, and spouses in informal caregiving roles. In contrast, Northern European countries such as Denmark and Sweden had high proportions of employed informal caregivers. Lower female labor force participation was associated with higher proportions of women caregivers. A higher proportion of women caregivers in the population were also associated with a lower national gross domestic product per capita. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that several contextual and institutional variables are associated with the proportion of women participating in caregiving.

발표 : 성별 연령별 주관적 건강 및 한 장애율 격차에 관한 국제 비교

장숙랑 한국노년학회 2010 한국노인과학학술단체연합회 국제학술대회 Vol.2010 No.-

정부 보건의료정책의 평가와 학회의 역할: 돌봄정책

장숙랑 한국보건행정학회 2022 한국보건행정학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

지역사회 노인의 만설질환 역학조사: 한림노년연구

장숙랑,최용준,김동현 한국조사연구학회 2006 춘계학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

한국어판 낙상효능 척도와 활동 특이적 균형 자신감 척도의 타장도 및 신뢰도

장숙랑,조성일,오상우,이언숙,백현욱 대한노인병학회 2003 대한노인병학회지 Vol.7 No.4

말기 암환자 가족의 부담감에 관한 연구

장숙랑,이선자 대한보건협회 2000 대한보건연구 Vol.26 No.1

The objective of study is to investigate the degree of burdens of family as a pilot study focused on the plan about reducing burdens of family caring for terminal cancer patient and the settlement of hospice concept capable of managing the patient and family, and to analyze the burden level according to socio-demographic, economic, and medical factors in family. August 1, 1998 to November 1 1998., 85 terminal cancer patients and their main caregivers in family were included in our study, and the question survey were performed by concrete questionnare including general characteristics of patient and family, medical aspects of patient, economic state of family, degree of medical cost, and questions for family's burden. The burden score of main caregiver in family is 54.48 and the older were patient and main caregiver, the higher was the burden score. Time, self-advancement, economic burden were especially high among 6 area of burden. In cases of woman caregiver, believer in a religion, daughter caregiver, the burden is significantly low. Among medical characteristics, prolonged illness duration, absence of patient's insight heightened the burdens. Family's burdens according to economic factors were not significant, but in case of medical cost of above 5,000,000 won, caregiver's burdens were significantly increased. As a conclusion, the hospice concept must settle down in our country for the patient's family as well as the terminal cancer patient in order to reduce the burden of family care giver. The various social support system is needed to manage terminal cancer patients for their family.

노년기 건강불평등의 생애과정 접근

장숙랑 대한노인병학회 2013 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.17 No.3

When taking into account for social, economic, health disparities over the life courses among older adults, we should observe how such disparities arise and how they are maintained over the generations. The first part of this paper addressed the framework and approaches for understanding lifetime influences on late life disadvantages of health. The second part presented specific examples of late life disparities and their potential sources including chronic diseases, cognitive functions and disabilities. Context was considered to be broad and included early life experiences, descendants of generations and family influences. The third part addressed the roles of specific contextual influences. The final section of this review summarized the limitation of life course approaches and implementations for intervention. For geriatric medicine, it should be expanded into the focus of medical interventions and research of earlier age, with a wider range from individual to community and society, together with various other factors. 노인의 생애과정에 걸친 사회적, 경제적 불평등과 그에연관된 건강불평등을 파악하기 위해서는 불평등이 언제 발생하고 어떻게 지속되며, 세대 간에 계승되는지 명확히 파악하는것이 중요하다. 국내외 관련 문헌과 선행 연구들을 고찰하여, 생애과정 접근과 건강형평성에 관한 이론과 모형을 정리하였다. 노인의 건강영역을 만성 질환, 신체기능, 인지기능 등으로나누어 현재까지 진행된 생애과정 접근 연구들을 요약하였다. 생애과정 이론과 모형을 이용한 노년기 건강 불평등 이해의틀을 제시하였다. 만성 질환 유병, 신체기능, 인지기능 등의건강 영역에 대한 연구 사례들을 통해 볼 때, 건강 결과에따라 생애과정 모형은 달라질 수 있다. 개인의 생애과정을넘어서서 가족 및 사회 환경을 포괄하는 맥락적 요소들이연구와 중재에 포함되어야 하는 당위성을 제시하였다. 생애과정연구가 직면한 한계들을 극복하기 위한 방안과 정책적, 임상적함의를 정리하였다. 노인보건뿐만 아니라 노인임상의학에서도 이제 건강불평등을 해소하기 위한 중재를 고려함에 있어서중재 대상의 연령, 시기, 범위를 확대하는 시각이 필요하다.

국민건강증진종합계획 건강형평성 대표지표 개발

장숙랑 한국사회보장학회 2016 한국사회보장학회 정기학술대회 Vol.2016 No.2

베이비부머의 건강과 근로, 의료비 부담의 관계

장숙랑 한국노동연구원 2012 노동리뷰 Vol.91 No.-

Why Do Older Korean Adults Respond Differently to Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living? A Differential Item Functioning Analysis

장숙랑,Ichiro Kawachi 대한노인병학회 2019 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.23 No.4

Objectives: Culture-based gender norms regarding who performs daily activities can bias the assessment of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). This study evaluated item-response biases in the activities of daily living (ADL) and IADL among community-living Korean older adults. Methods: The subjects included older Korean participants of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing baseline survey (n=4,164). We performed differential item functioning (DIF) analysis of these data using the Mantel–Haenszel method. Results: We observed different reported levels of disability for eight IADL items among gender, age, and educational level subgroups. After matching for overall functional disability, men were more likely to report limitations in performing various household activities, compared to cognitive activities in women. Conclusions: Cross-national comparisons of ADL and IADL disabilities need to consider item response bias stemming from culture-based gender norms regarding who performs different household activities.