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바이오/환경 센서 응용을 위한 응답특성이 향상된 초소형 용존산소 센서
이이재(Yi-Jae Lee),김정두(Jung-Doo Kim),박재영(Jae-Yeong Park) 대한전기학회 2009 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.7
본 논문에서는 바이오/환경센서 응용을 위해 실리콘 기판위에 나노 동공구조 백금 전극을 작동전극으로 갖는 소형화된 용존산소센서를 설계 및 제작하고 그 특성을 분석하였다. 제작된 용존산소 센서는 15 ㎜ × 8 ㎜ × 0.6 ㎜의 소형화된 크기를 가졌으며, -0.9 V의 인가전위 시에 각각 산소 포화 상태와 무산소 상태에서 2.14 ㎃와 0.8㎃의 환원전류 특성을 보였다. 또한, 다양한 산소 농도상태에서 각기 다른 전류응답 차이를 보였다. 이를 통해서 다양한 산소농도에 대한 센싱특성을 검증하였다. 한편, 제작된 용존산소 센서는 전극제작에 사용된 나노 동공구조 백금 전극의 높은 촉매 특성에 기인하여 90% 전류응답 시간이 7초 이내로 기발표된 다른 연구들에 비해 현저히 향상된 응답특성을 보였다.
폐암환자에서 근치적 폐절제술 후 말초혈액 단핵구의 NK 활성도의 변화
이이형(Yi Hyeong Lee),김세규(Se Kyu Kim),장준(Joon Chang),김성규(Sung Kyu Kim),이원영(Won Young Lee) 대한내과학회 1994 대한내과학회지 Vol.46 No.6
N/A Objectives: Natural killer (NK) cells are thought to serve as a first line of defense against tumor cells. The NK activities of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and pulmonary lymphocytes in patients with lung cancer were known to be decreased compared to those of healthy controls. The NK activity was reported to be restored after curative surgery, and decreased again in recurrent cases. We performed this study to investigate the change of the NK activity after curative surgery and to elucidate the relationship between the NK activity and clinical course of the patients. Methods: We studied the changes of the NK activities of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 22 patients with lung cancer before and after curative surgery. Results are shown as % lysis of K562 cells at 50: 1 effector: target (E: T) ratio. Results: 1) The mean NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with lung cancer (29.0±14.9%) was significantly lower than that of healthy controls (37.8±25.5%), and there was no significant difference according to cell type and stage. 2) The NK activity after curative surgery (40.7±20.7%) was significantly increased compared with that before surgery (29.0±14.9%) (p<0.05). 3) The NK activity after 1 week of surgery (31.1±9.6%) was not significantly increased compared with that of before surgery, but that was increased significantly after 1 month (46.9±21.1%), and was maintained high after 3 months (39.2±20.1%) in patients without recurrence (p<0.05). Conclusion: From our results, we concluded that NK activity of the patients with lung cancer is restored after curative surgery.
Manufacturing a Functional Bolus Using a 3D printer in Radiation Therapy
이이성(Yi-Seong Lee),김정구(Jeong-Koo Kim) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2020 방사선기술과학 Vol. No.
Commercial plate bolus is generally used for treatment of surface tumor and required surface dose. We fabricated 3D-printed bolus by using 3D printing technology and usability of 3D-printed bolus was evaluated. RT-structure of contoured plate bolus in the TPS was exported to DICOM files and converted to STL file by using converting program. The 3D-printed bolus was manufactured with rubber-like translucent materials using a 3D printer. The dose distribution calculated in the TPS and compared the characteristics of the plate bolus and the 3D printed bolus. The absolute dose was measured inserting an ion chamber to the depth of 5 ㎝ and 10 ㎝ from the surface of the blue water phantom. HU and ED were measured to compare the material characteristics. 100% dose was distributed at Dmax of 1.5 ㎝ below the surface when was applied without bolus. When the plate bolus and 3D-plate bolus were applied, dose distributed at 0.9 ㎝ and 0.8 ㎝ below the surface of the bolus. After the comparative analysis of the radiation dose at the reference depth, differences in radiation dose of 0.1 ~ 0.3% were found, but there was no difference dose. The usability of the 3D-printed bolus was thus confirmed and it is considered that the 3D-printed bolus can be applied in radiation therapy.
해녀콩의 잎원형질체와 잎절편에서 아르기닌과 L-Canavanine의 흡수
이이,권영명,Lee, Yi,Kwon, Young-Myung 생화학분자생물학회 1993 한국생화학회지 Vol.26 No.3
해녀콩(Canavalia lineata) 잎에서 분리한 원형질체에서 아르기닌의 흡수를 측정하였다. 아르기닌 홉수의 kinetics는 두 phase를 갖는 것으로 나타났고, $K_m$은 각각 0.03 mM(phase I)과 5.5 mM(phase II)이였다. Phase I에서 아르기년의 홉수를 호모아르기닌, L-canavanine, 리신은 경쟁적으로, 히스티딘, 류신은 경쟁과 비경쟁의 혼합 형태로, 이소류신은 무경쟁적으로 억제하였으나, 아스파르트산, 글루탐산, D-아르기닌, D-오르니틴은 억제하지 않았다. 아르기닌의 흡수는 2,4-dinitrophenol, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, N,N'-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide, orthovanadate에 의하여 저해되었으며, fusicoccin에 의해서는 크게 촉진되었다. 아르기닌 흡수의 최적 pH는 6.5였다. 해녀콩 잎절편에서 L-canavanine의 흡수는 0.2-4mM 범위에서 단일 phase로 나타났으며, $K_m$은 0.56 mM이었다. L-Canavanine 흡수에서 아르기닌은 경쟁적인 억제를 보였으며, 다른 아미노산들에 의한 저해 패턴은 원형질체에 의한 아르기닌 흡수의 경우와 유사하였다. L-Arginine uptake was studied in the protoplasts isolated from the leaves of Canavalia lineata. A kinetic analysis of the L-arginine uptake showed that the uptake was biphasic. The $K_m$ value for phase I was 0.03 mM, and for phase II was 5.5 mM. At phase I, L-homoargi-nine, L-canavanine, L-ornithine, L-lysine, L-histidine, L-leucine, and L-isoleucine inhibited the uptake, but L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, D-arginine, and D-ornithine did not show any inhibitory effect. Among the inhibitory amino acids, L-homoarginine, L-canavanine, and L-lysine exerted a competitive inhibition. However, L-isoleucine exerted an uncompetitive inhibition, and L-histidine and L-leucine exerted an inhibition intermediate between competitive and noncompetitive ones. In addition, L-arginine uptake was pH-dependent with optimum pH of 6.5, and it was inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl-hydrazone, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and orthovanadate. However, it was stimulated significantly by fusicoccin. L-Canavanine uptake by slices of C. lineata leaves was also studied. A kinetic analysis of the L-canavanine uptake from 0.2 mM to 4 mM showed that the uptake was monophasic, and its $K_m$ value was 0.56 mM. The additional amino acids inhibited L-canavanine uptake by the leaf slices in the same way that those did L-arginine uptake by the protoplasts, and L-arginine inhibited the L-canavanine uptake competitively.
원발성폐암 환자에서 말초혈액과 국소림프절 단핵구의 NK 및 LAK 활성도에 관한 연구
이이형(Yi Hyeong Lee),김세규(Se Kyu Kim),김형일(Hyung Il Kim),정경영(Kyoung Young Chung),장준(Joon Chang),김성규(Sung Kyu Kim),이원영(Won Young Lee),한명호(Myung Ho Hahn),윤정구(Jung Ku Youn) 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.3
N/A Background: Several lymphocytic populations, such as natural killer(NK) cells and lymphokine-activated killer(LAK) cells, are involved in immunosurveillance against tumors. Whereas the biological significance of the regional lymph node as a tumor barrier remains unclear, the clinical prognostic relevance of the neoplastic infiltration of these nodes is accepted. It appears that lymph node metastasis are more frequent in lung cancer than in other cancers because of impaired defensive mechanisms in the regional lymph nodes. However little is known about the immunologic function of regional lymph node lymphocytes in patients with lung cancer. Although there is general agreement that the NK and LAK activities of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) decreases in patients with various solid and leukemic tumors, this decrease remains unclear with regard to the NK and LAK activities of their regional lymph node mononuclear cells(LNMC). We performed this study to determine the NK and LAK activities of regional lymph node, and to compare with those of peripheral blood in patients with lung cancer. Methods: We measured the NK and LAK activities of PBMC and LNMC that were extirpated at lung cancer operations in 17 patients with lung cancer by 4 hour 51Cr-release assay using K562, Raji cell and allogenous lung cancer cell line(NCIH1092) as a target cell. BT ratio were 12.5:1, 25:1, and 50:l. Results: 1. Recombinant interleukin-2 induced strong cytotoxic activities against various target cells in PBMC and LNMC. 2. In patients with lung cancer, NK and LAK activities against K562 and allogenous lung cancer cell line(NCIH 1092) were lower than those of PBMC. 3. Against Raji cell, NK activities were not significantly different between PBMC and LNMC, but LAK activities were significantly lower than those of PRMC. 4. NK activities against K562, Raji, and NCIH1092 cell were not significantly different between in patients with early stage and advanced stage lung cancer. 5. LAK activities of PBMC and LNMC against K562, Raji, and NCIH1(62 cell were significantly lower in patients with advanced stage than those in patients with early stage lung cancer. Conclusion: NK and LAK activities of LNMC in patients with lung cancer were lower than those of PBMC, but the cytotoxicity was markedly increased after culture with rIL-2.