자동차 보증수리 기간 결정을 위한 퍼지 전문가 시스템용 MATLAB API의 구축

이상현,김철민,김병기,Lee, Sang-Hyoun,Kim, Chul-Min,Kim, Byung-Ki 한국정보처리학회 2005 정보처리학회논문지D Vol.12 No.6

최근 제품 판매 활동에 있어서 보증수리기간 연장과 관련 부품의 품질을 중심으로 하는 서비스 경쟁이 치열해지고 있다. 이러한 서비스 경쟁에 관련된 변수들은 대부분 명확하지 않으며, 생산 현장의 전문 지식들이 요구되기 때문에, 제품 판매에 관련된 의사결정에 있어서 보다 정교한 도구들의 사용이 요청되고 있다. 이러한 문제들은 제품 서비스 분야에 국한된 것이 아니고, 금융 관련기관, 신용 평가 기관, 보험회사와 같은 조직 및 관련 연구자들에게도 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 문제에 관련하여 하나의 퍼지 전문가 시스템을 임베디드 프로그램으로 개발하기 위한 접근 방식을 나타내고, 구체적으로 자동차 판매 서비스 경쟁에 있어서 중요한 부분으로 등장하고 있는 보증수리기간 연장을 중심으로 하는 의사결정 시스템을 제공하는데 있다. 퍼지 전문가 시스템의 구축 도구로는 문제와 해의 상술이 우리에게 익숙한 수학적 표현이 가능하고 사용자 중심의 통합적인 환경을 제공하고 있는 MATLAB을 사용하고, 이것을 기존 회사의 응용 프로그램에 임베디드하기 위한 API 함수들을 소개한다. In the recent years there has been an increase of service competition in the activity of product selling, especially in the extension of warranty coverage and qualify. The variables in connection with the service competition are not crisp, and required the expertise of the production line. It thus becomes all the more necessary to use subtler tools as decision supports. These problems are typical not only of product companies but also of financial organizations, credit institutions, insurance, which need predictions of credibility for firms or persons in which they have any kind of interest. A suitable approach for minimizing the risk is to use a knowledge-based system. Most often expert systems are not standalone programs, but are embedded into a larger application. The aim of this paper is to discuss an approach for developing an embedded fuzzy expert system with respect to the product selling policy, especially to present the decision system of automobile selling activity around the extension of warranty coverage and quality. We use the MATLAB tools which integrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation. Also, we present the API functions embedding into the existing application.

선원 직업성 상병 관련 규정 및 제도 분석

이상현,전승환,Lee Sang-Hyoun,Jun Seung-Hwan 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Recently, with economic growth and changes of recognition, the many research into vocational disease is in the process of advancing inside and outside of the country and it follows in research and also produce satisfactory results. However, as compared to the crew s service environment, system research into the occupational illness occurring in embarkation service is not accomplished After attacking the occupational illness, only the research to the compensation is conducted Therefore, this study examines law and system of the occupational illness based on basic research into crew's occupational disease and after disease preventing and attacking of the crew, give some legal reform measures to support quick and appropriate. 최근에 경제 발전과 인식의 변화에 따라 국내외적으로 직업병에 관련된 많은 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 그에 따라 상당한 성과도 발생되고 있다. 하지만, 선원들의 열악한 근무환경에 비해 승선근무에 따라 발생하는 직업 관련성 상병에 대해서는 체계적인 연구가 이루어지지 못하고 있으며, 사후(事後) 처리적인 보상에 관련된 연구들만 이루어지고 있는 것이 현실이다. 그래서 이 연구에서는 선원의 직업성 관련 상병에 대한 기초 조사를 근거로 하여 그에 대한 관련 법령 및 제도를 검토하였다. 그리고 선원의 상병 예방과 발병 후 신속하고 적절한 지원을 하기 위한 법적 개선점을 제안하고자 한다.

운동강도에 따른 지방연소량과 지방 연소 관련 호르몬의 변화 연구

이상현(Lee Sang-Hyoun),이용수(Lee Yung-Soo),이상호(Lee Sang-Ho),하민수(Ha Min-Soo) 한국체육과학회 2003 한국체육과학회지 Vol.12 No.2

This study aimed to analyze the change of fat oxidation and hormones which related fat oxidation such as insulin, cortisol and growth hormone by three exercise intensities(40%VO₂max, MFOEI;maximal fat oxidation exercise intensity and 75%VO₂max). Seven healthy male collegiate students participated as subject after signing an informed consent it was determined the MFOEI using indirect calorie measurement method during graded maximal exercise test in the treadmill (Bruce protocol). The MFOEI was defined as the intensity which resulted in using respiratory exchange ration(RER) and a Lusk table. To analyze the purpose of this study it was compared the fat oxidation(Fkcal) and related hormones during submaxiaml exercise(resting, exercise 10min, 30min, 60min). The result were as follows: First, During submaximal exercise, Fkcal was the significantly higher at MFOEI in comparison with 40%VO₂max but no difference with 75%VO₂max. Second, there was no significant difference insulin among exercise intensities. The cortisol was the significantly highest at 75%VO₂max in comparison with other exercise intensities at 60min period. Also, the growth hormone was the significantly highest at 75%VO₂max in comparison with other exercise intensities at 60min period. In conclusion, as prescribe exercise program for treatment and prevention of obesity, there is a possibility of application of MFOEI which should be considered the individual conditions include age, gender, and level of physical fitness. And hormones of fat oxidation which included insulin, cortisol and growth hormone have no a direct effect to oxidize fat during submaximal.

자전거 에르고미터 최대하 운동중 지방연수 비교

이상현(Sang Hyoun Lee),윤영조(Young Jo Youn),고성식(Sung Sick Ko) 한국체육교육학회 2001 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare physiological and metabolic variables during exercise which include maximal fat oxidation exercise intensity(MFOEI), 40%VO₂max and 60%VO₂max for lasting 40min on cycle ergometer. 1en healthy volunteers(age, 19.7±1.06years; height, 175.2±5.86㎝, weight, 68.7.±6.05㎏, body fat, 13.4±2.75%) served as subjects after signing an informed consent form. Following an overnight fast, subjects completed maximal graded exercise test to determine MFOEI, and submaximal exercise test at difference exercise intensities on separate days. To determine MFOEI, it was used on the cycle erogmeter(2-min stage, 25W increments). Expired gases were collected and analyzed each 1 min using QMC(USA) metabolic cart. The maximal fat oxidation exercise intensity(MFOEI) was defined as the intensity which resulted in maximal fat kilocarolies per minute(Fkcal) as determined by converting VO₂ to Fkcal at each cycle exercise stage using RER and a Lusk table. MFOEI by maximal graded exercise test on the cycle ergometer was 37.5±11.52VO₂max. Physiological and metabolic variables at difference exercise intensities(MFOEI, 40%VO₂max, and 60%VO₂max) was compared using One way repeated ANOVA. Significance was set at P$lt;0.05. VO₂(1.36±0.13, 40%VO₂max; 1.37±0.41, MFOEI and 2.01±0.17ℓ/min, 60%VO₂max) and, total kilocarolies per min(Tkcal)(6.49±0.61, 6.58±2.08, and 9.76±0.78kcal/min, respectively) were significantly highest at 60%VO₂max(p$lt;.05). RER(0.79±0.01, 40%VO₂max; 0.82±0.05, MFOEI and 0.84±0.04Kcal/min, 60%VO₂max) was significantly highest at 40%VO₂max(p$lt;.05). However, Fkcal and percent of fat oxidation were not significantly different at three intensities exercise. Since percent of fat oxidation was higher with 40%VO₂max compared with 60%VO₂max, while Tkcal was higher at 60%VO₂max than 40%VO₂max during 40min exercise, Fkcal was similar at difference exercise intensities. In conclusion, exercise prescription for weight control should be included factors such exercise intensity, exercise duration and exercise mode.

운동유형에 따른 최대지방연소 운동 강도 비교

이상현(Sang Hyoun Lee),이용수(Young Soo Lee),이상호(Sang Ho Lee),하민수(Min Soo Ha),고성식(Sung Sik Ko),유건성(Kun Sung Yoo) 한국체육교육학회 2004 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.9 No.2

중·고·성인 축구 선수들의 체력특성 비교

이상현(Sang Hyoun Lee),이용수(Young Soo Lee),이상호(Sang Ho Lee),고성식(Sung Sik Ko) 한국체육교육학회 2003 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.8 No.3

비만정도에 따른 고령 여성들의 복합운동 트레이닝이 신체조성과 등속성 각근력에 미치는 영향

이상현(Sang Hyoun Lee),고성식(Sung Sik Ko) 한국발육발달학회 2012 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of 8 weeks combined exercise program on body compositions and isokinetic leg muscular strength and the correlation between body compositions and isokinetic leg muscular strength in elderly women (age>65, n=20) by fat percent (%fat). The participants was divided into two groups; normal group (NG, n=9, body fat<30%) and obesity group (OG, n=11, body fat>35%) and was performed the combined exercise program lasting 8 weeks(3 times/week, 60min/day). As a result are as follows; Body compositions and isokinetic leg muscular strength have not the significant interaction (group x time)(p>.05). After training, however, there were the significant increase of lean body mass, skeletal muscle, upper limb muscle and trunk muscle in NG (p<.05), but of upper limb muscle and trunk muscle in OB (p<.05). And after training in both groups, there were the significant elevation of peak torque of extensor and flexor of left and right leg and mean power of extensor and flexor in right and left leg (p<.05). Only however, in NG, there were the significant elevation of total peak torque of extensor and flexor in left leg and mean power of extensor and flexor in left leg after training (p<.05). Before training there were no the significant correlation between body compositions and isokinetic leg muscular strength, but after training there were the significant correlation between skeletal muscle and appendicular skeletal muscle was corrected for body weight (ASM/body weight; ASMW) and isokinetic leg muscular strength (p<.05). And, regardless of obesity, ASMW may be predict the possibility of total (left+right) peak torque of extensor (47.9%) and flxeor (37.4%) and total (extensor flexor) peak torque of right leg (38.3%) and left leg (53.2%) in elderly women. In conclusion, eight weeks training period was not enough to improve the positive changes of body composition in elderly women. However, combined exercise training has the effect of Isokinetic muscular strength improvement in elderly women.

운동부하검사방법에 따른 최대 및 최소지방연소 운동강도와 생리 및 대사적 변인 비교

이상현 ( Sang Hyoun Lee ),이용수 ( Young Soo Lee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2005 체육과학연구 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구는 운동 중 지방이 가장 많이 연소되는 운동강도인 최대지방연소 운동강도 측정을 위한 표준화된 운동부하방법 설정을 위해서 10명의 건강한 남자 대학생을 대상으로 Bruce, Ellestad, Ramp 운동부하방법으로 점증적 최대운동 부하검사 시간접적 열량측정법을 통해서 측정된 최대 및 최소지방연소 운동의 생리 및 대사적 변인들을 비교분석하였다. 반복적 일원변량분석 결과 운동부하방법에 따른 최대유산소능력 비교에서 최대운동량은 Bruce 운동부하방법이 유의하게 가장 높았고(p<.05), 총 운동시간은 Ramp 운동부하방법이 가장 높았다(p<.05). 최대지방연소 운동강도(%VO2max, %HRmax, %Wattmax, %VT)는 운동부하방법 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고(p>.05), 최소지방연소 운동강도는 Bruce 운동부하방법이 유의하게 낮았다(p<.05). Bruce 운동부하방법은 최대지방연소 운동강도에서 운동량이 유의하게 가장 높았고(p<.05), 최소지방연소 운동강도에서는 심박수가 유의하게 가장 낮았지만(p<.05), 산소섭취량과 지방연소량을 포함한 다른 생리 및 대사적 변인들은 유의한 차이가 없었다 (p>.05). 운동부하방법에 따른 최대지방 연소 운동영역에서 하한선과 상한선에 해당하는 운동강도(%VO2max)와 각각의 운동강도의 지방연소량은 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>.05). 한편, 운동부하방법과 운동강도별(40-80%VO2max) 지방연소량의 비교에서는 모든 운동강도에서 운동부하방법 간의 지방연소량은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았지만(p>.05), 각각의 운동부하방법에서는 최대지방연소 운동영역 이후에는 지방연소량이 점차적으로 감소하였고 80%VO2max의 운동강도의 지방연소량은 유의하게 낮았다(p<.05). 결론적으로, 본 연구에서는 각각 다른 운동부하방법으로 점증적 최대운동부하 검사를 통해서 측정된 최대지방연소 운동강도는 유의한 차이는 없었지만 체력수준이 낮은 비만인들의 최대지방연소 운동강도 제시를 위한 표준화된 운동부하방법을 위한 추가적인 연구들이 수행되어야 할 것으로 여겨진다. This study was aimed to compare and analyze the maximal fat oxidation exercise intensity by treadmill exercise protocols (Bruce, Ellestad, and Ramp). Ten healthy men volunteers served as subjects after signing an informed consent form. Following an overnight fast each subject completed stretching and five min warm-up. Expired gases were collected and analyzed each 1minute using Quinton metabolic cart. The maximal fat oxidation exercise intensity (MxFOEI) was defined as the intensity which resulted in maximal fat oxidation rate as determined by converting VO2 to Fkcal (fat kilocalories) at each treadmill stage using indirect calorimetry. There were no significant difference at VO2max, HRmax, and VT (ventilation threshold) by each exercise protocol but were significant difference at exercise time and peak workload (p<.05). MxFOEI as expressed %VO2max, %HRmax, %VT and %Wattmax were not significant difference by each exercise protocols. However, MnFOEI (%VO2max) was significant lower in Bruce protocol (p<.05). There are no significant difference at VO2, VCO2, RER, %fat, Fkcal and Tkcal (Total kilocalories) in the comparison of physiological and metabolic variables at the MxFOEI and MnFOEI. Bruce protocol have the highest workload in MxFOEI and the lowest HR in MnFOEI (p<.05). Also, there were no significant difference in exercise intensities and Fkcal at Fatmax zone (low and upper). Fkcal has no significant difference between exercise protocols all exercise intensities (40-80%VO2max) but, within each exercise protocol Fkcal was the highest Fkcal in fatmax zone (45-60%VO2max) and was progressive decreased toward the higher exercise intensity (80%VO2max) (p<.05). In conclusion, it should be required further study including various factors such exercise stage time, exercise mode, gender, age, physical fitness difference which can effect maximal fat oxidation exercise intensity.

운동중 지방연소에 대한 운동유형과 운동강도의 효과

이상현(Lee Sang-Hyoun) 한국체육과학회 2001 한국체육과학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare fat oxidation at different exercise modes(treadmill vs cycle ergometer) and different exercise intensities which include maximal fat oxidation exercise intensity(MFOEI), 40%VO₂max and 60%VO₂max for lasting 40min. Ten healthy volunteers of S university(age, 19.7±1.06years; height, 175.2±5.86㎝, weight, 68.7±6.05㎏, body fat, 13.4±2.75%) served as subjects after signing an informed consent form. Following an overnight fast, subjects completed two maximal graded exercise test to determine MFOEI, and submaximal exercise test at different exercise intensities on separate days. To determine MFOEI, it was used Bruce protocol in the treadmill and intial 50W, increment 25W every 2min in the cycle ergometer exercise test. During each test, expired gases were collected and analyzed each 1 min using QMC(USA) metabolic cart. MFOEI was defined as the intensity which resulted in maximal fat kilocarolies per minute(Fkcal) as determined by converting VO₂ to Fkcal at each treadmill and cycle ergometer stage using HER and a Lusk table. MFOEI was analyzed using paired t-test between treadmill and cycle ergometer. And physiological and metabolic variables were analyzed using two way repeated ANOVA at different exercise modes and exercise intensities. The results were as follows: 1. MFOEI for exercise mode was significantly higher at treadmill(44.2%VO₂max) than at cycle ergometer(37.7%VO₂max)(p<O.05). 2. VO₂ and total kilocarolies per minute(Fkcal) during submaximal exercise were significantly higher with the treadmill than with cycle ergometer at three exercise intensities(p<0.05) and significantly highest at 60%VO₂max for two exercise modes(p<0.05). 3. RER and percent of fat oxidation were not significantly difference between treadmill and cycle ergometer, but there was significantly difference between 40%VO₂max and 60%VO₂max. 4. Fat oxidation was not significantly difference at three exercise modes, but was higher with treadmill than cycle ergometer at 40%VO₂max and MOFOEI. In conclusion, fat oxidation was not different between MFOEI and 40-60%VO₂max which be recommended for weight control. Therefore, to determine MFOEI which purpose to weight to control, it should be required further study which compare various facotrs such exercise protocol, exercise mode, exercise duration, sex difference, and individual condition.

체력수준에 따른 최대지방연소 운동강도 비교

이상현(Lee Sang-Hyoun),이용진(Lee Yong-Jin),이상호(Lee Sang-Ho),이용수(Lee Young-Soo) 한국체육과학회 2002 한국체육과학회지 Vol.11 No.2

This study was aimed to compare the maximal fat oxidation exercise intensity(MFOEI) by physcal fitness(VO₂max and VT) and compare heart rate(HR), respiratory exchange ratio(HER), total kilocarolies per minute(Tkcal), and fat kilocarolies per minute(Fkcal) in this exercise intensity. Fifty one healthy young volunteers(33 men, 18 women) served as subjects after signing an informed consent form. Following an overnight fast, each subject completed stretching and tree minute warm-up at 3.0mph of speed and 10% of grade, followed by a maximal Bruce protocol treadmill test. Expired gases were collected and analyzed each one minute using Quinton metabolic cart. The MFOEI was defined as the intensity which resulted in maximal Fkcal as determined by converting VO₂ to Fkcal at each treadmill stage using RER and a Lusk table. MFOEIs as expressed %VO₂max(L/min) and %VT were not significantly difference between high VO₂max group and low VO₂max group while %VT was sigficnaltly higher in low VT group compared with high VT group, 78.1%VT and 70.5%VT, respectively(p<.05). Except for HR, the resultant of t-test for VO₂, RER, Tkcal, and Fkcal were significantly higher in high VO₂max group(p<.05). However, the percentage of fat oxidation at MFOEI was higher in low VO₂max groupn(high about 69.5%, low about 88.6%). This results may be supported the theory that physical fitness greatly influence on substrate utilization patterns during exercise. Thus, MFOEI which prescribe exercise intensity to weight control and loss is likely to be distinguish from physical fitness.