금원산 식물종의 생물계절성 연구

유난희,신재성,강희곤,신현탁 건국대학교 기후연구소 2011 기후연구 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구는 특산식물 및 희귀식물 등을 중심으로 기후변화에 취약하거나 민감한 식물종을 대상으로 생물기후학적 연구를 위한 모니터링을 시행하고 이를 분석함으로서 생물지리학적 장기예측·관리시스템을 확립하고, 식물의 생육환경 변화를 사전에 예측·관리함으로써 식물유전자원을 안정적으로 보전할 수 있는 방안을 목적으로 연구하였다. 지표식물 모니터링 결과 개화시기의 분석결과 함박꽃나무를 제외한 종들은 3일~2주 정도 늦게 나타난 것으로 조사되었으며 낙화시기 또한 소나무, 함박꽃나무를 제외한 나머지 종들이 1~2주정도 늦은 것으로 조사되었다. 개엽시기는 09~10년 생리적 사이클 시기 변화 분석자료 중 가장 명확한 차이를 보였으며 소나무(2)를 제외한 모든 종들이 09년과 10년이 비슷하거나 적게는 2주에서 많게는 6주 정도 시기가 늦어진 것으로 나타났다. 단풍시기는 비목나무, 일본잎갈나무 등은 1~4주 정도 시기가 빠른 것으로 나타났고 산벚나무, 물박달나무는 09년과 10년이 거의 비슷하게 나타났으며 생강나무, 진달래, 졸참나무 등은 1~6주 정도 늦게 단풍이 시작된 것으로 조사되었다. 낙엽시기는 일본잎갈나무, 갯버들, 거제수나무 등은 1~3주 빠른 것으로 조사되었고 졸참나무, 생강나무, 산벚나무 등은 09년과 10년이 거의 비슷하게 나타났으며 함박꽃나무, 개옻나무, 당단풍나무 등은 1~3주 정도 늦게 낙엽이 시작한 것으로 조사되었다. 단풍시기와 낙엽시기는 09년이 10년에 비해 늦어진 종들이 더 많은 것으로 조사되었으나 그 차이가 크지 않은 것으로 보아 기후차이로 인한 변화라기보다는 각 개체의 생리적 특성 차이로 인한 결과로 사료된다.

Arthur Miller의 社會劇 硏究 : Death of a Salesman을 中心으로

유난희 단국대학교 인문과학대학 영어영문학과 1986 Lucifer Vol.- No.3

Arthur Miller is a social dramatist in the sense that he pays much attention to the nature of society. He is concerned about society and the values which it holds. Miller's point of view on drama is that it can expose the ills of society and make people aware that there is something wrong with the system. Miller was able to place before audience willy Loman, a man who shared many of their ideals, one of which has been summed up by the phrase the "American Dream". The American Dream is a combination of beliefs in the unity of the family, the competition in society, the need for success and money. Success is judged by the amount of wealth Which can be acquired by an individual. Money and success mean stability. The exhausted, deranged, idealistic man who had vision of a great future for his sons does not in the end come to terms with reality. To Willy, death is the only answer. The terrible irony of the play is that willy's struggles, sacrifies and final suicide are not for his own material advancement, but for his sons. The play is regard to be a modern tragedy. Miller tries to express his opinion that "tragic feeling" is evoked in us when we are in the presence of character who is ready to lay down his life, if need be, to secure one thing-his sense of personal dignity. It appears that Miller belives that Willy is a man struggling to gain his "rightful position in society".

Puccinia sp.에 의한 이팝나무 잎녹병 발생 및 중간기주 보고

유난희(Nan Hee Yu),박애란(Ae Ran Park),윤혁준(Hyeokjun Yoon),손연경(Youn Kyoung Son),이병희(Byoung-Hee Lee),김진철(Jin-Cheol Kim) 한국식물병리학회 2020 식물병연구 Vol.26 No.3

2018년 7월 전라남도 강진군의 가로수 전체 이팝나무에 심각한 녹병증상이 발견되어 잎을 채집하였다. 채집한 이팝나무 잎앞면에서 황색 및 갈색의 병반과 잎 뒷면에서 황색의 녹포자기가 관찰되었고, 현미경아래에서 41.2 μm 크기의 구형 녹포자와28.84 μm 크기의 구형 하포자가 확인되었다. 이팝나무 녹병균의 부분 small subunit rRNA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1, 5.8S rRNA, ITS2, 부분 large subunit rRNA 염기서열을 이용하여 계통학적 유연관계를 분석한 결과, 대나무 녹병균으로 보고되어져 있는 Puccinia kusanoi와 가까운 근연관계를 가지고 있었다. 또한 2019년 5월 무위사로 이팝나무 주변에 식재된 대나무에서도 녹병 병징이 관찰되었고, 잎 뒷면에서 동포자퇴와 동포자를 확인하였으며, 대나무에서 채집한 동포자의 염기서열분석 결과, 이팝나무 녹병균과 100% 일치하였다. 본 논문은 대나무 녹병균으로 알려진 P. kusanoi와 근연관계가 가까운 새로운 종 Puccinia sp. JCK-KCFR1 strain (MT729824)가 국내에서 이팝나무와 대나무를 기주교대하며 녹병을 발생시키는 것을 처음으로 보고한다. In July 2018, a serious rust symptom was found throughout the fringe trees planted in Gangjin-gun, Korea. Yellow and brown spots were observed on the adaxial (topside) surface of the collected fringe tree leaves, and yellow color aecia were observed on the abaxial (underside) surface leaves. The size of aeciospore and urediniospores of JCK-KCFR1 strain were measured to 41.2 μm (Φ) and 28.84 μm (Φ) with a light microscope. Phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit rRNA, internal transcribed spacer, and large subunit rRNA region indicated that JCK-KCFR1 strain is novel species of the genus Puccinia and closely related to Puccinia kusanoi, which has been reported a rust pathogen on bamboo. In May 2019, rust symptoms were also discovered on the bamboo leaves planted around the fringe tree on Muwisa-ro, and their telia and teliospores were observed on the abaxial leaf surfaces of the bamboo with 100% sequence homology with the rust of the fringe tree. This is the first report that Puccinia sp. JCK-KCFR1 is a new species that requires both primary (fringe tree) and alternative (bamboo) host plants to complete its life cycle in Korea.

통일신라시대 鳥文막새에 대한 一考察

유난희(You, Nanhee) 울산대학교 사학회 2006 울산사학 Vol.12 No.-

Development of a Biofungicide Using a Mycoparasitic Fungus Simplicillium lamellicola BCP and Its Control Efficacy against Gray Mold Diseases of Tomato and Ginseng

신택수,유난희,이재호,최경자,김진철,신철수 한국식물병리학회 2017 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.33 No.3

To develop a commercial product using the mycoparasitic fungus Simplicillium lamellicola BCP, the scaleup of conidia production from a 5-l jar to a 5,000-l pilot bioreactor, optimization of the freeze-drying of the fermentation broth, and preparation of a wettable powder-type formulation were performed. Then, its disease control efficacy was evaluated against gray mold diseases of tomato and ginseng plants in field conditions. The final conidial yields of S. lamellicola BCP were 3.3 × 109 conidia/ml for a 5-l jar, 3.5 × 109 conidia/ml for a 500-l pilot vessel, and 3.1 × 109 conidia/ ml for a 5,000-l pilot bioreactor. The conidial yield in the 5,000-l pilot bioreactor was comparable to that in the 5-l jar and 500-l pilot vessel. On the other hand, the highest conidial viability of 86% was obtained by the freeze-drying method using an additive combination of lactose, trehalose, soybean meal, and glycerin. Using the freeze-dried sample, a wettable powder-type formulation (active ingredient 10%; BCP-WP10) was prepared. A conidial viability of more than 50% was maintained in BCP-WP10 until 22 weeks for storage at 40°C. BCP-WP10 effectively suppressed the development of gray mold disease on tomato with control efficacies of 64.7% and 82.6% at 500- and 250-fold dilutions, respectively. It also reduced the incidence of gray mold on ginseng by 65.6% and 81.3% at 500- and 250-fold dilutions, respectively. The results indicated that the new microbial fungicide BCP-WP10 can be used widely to control gray mold diseases of various crops including tomato and ginseng.

Identification, Characterization, and Efficacy Evaluation of Bacillus velezensis for Shot-Hole Disease Biocontrol in Flowering Cherry

Viet-Cuong Han,유난희(Nan Hee Yu),윤혁준(Hyeokjun Yoon),안능호(Neung-Ho Ahn),Youn Kyoung Son,Byoung-Hee Lee,김진철(Jin-Cheol Kim) 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.2

Though information exists regarding the pathogenesis of the shot-hole disease (SH) in flowering cherry (FC), there has been a lack of research focusing on SH management. Therefore, here, we investigated the inhibitory activities of antagonistic bacteria against SH pathogens both in vitro and in vivo as well as their biochemical characteristics and bioactive compounds. Two biosurfactant- producing bacterial antagonists, identified as Bacillus velezensis strains JCK-1618 and JCK-1696, exhibited the best effects against the growth of both bacterial and fungal SH pathogens in vitro through their cell-free culture filtrates (CFCFs). These two strains also strongly inhibited the growth of the pathogens via the action of their antimicrobial diffusible compounds and antimicrobial volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Crude enzymes, solvent extracts, and biosurfactants of the two strains exhibited antimicrobial activities. Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization timeof- flight mass spectrometric analysis of the partially purified active fractions revealed that the two antagonists produced three cyclic lipopeptides, including iturin A, fengycin A, and surfactin, and a polyketide, oxydifficidin. In a detached leaf assay, pre-treatment and co-treatment of FC leaves with the CFCFs led to a large reduction in the severity of the leaf spots caused by Epicoccum tobaicum and Bukholderia contaminans, respectively. In addition, the two antagonists produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, and a series of hydrolytic enzymes, along with the formation of a substantial biofilm. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the antimicrobial activities of the diffusible compounds and VOCs of B. velezensis against the SH pathogens and their efficiency in the biocontrol of SH.

지리산국립공원 식물종의 생물계절성 연구

신재성 ( Jae Sung Shin ),유난희 ( Nan Hee Yu ),강희곤 ( Hee Gon Kang ),신현탁 ( Hyun Tak Shin ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2011 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

This study monitored forest plant species vulnerable to climate change in Jiri Mountain, one of Korea`s representative alpine regions, in order to securely preserve plant genetic resources susceptible to climate change and to utilize the results as basic data for bioclimatology prediction and management on a long-term basis. A majority of indicator plants tended to blossom one week to one month later in 2010 than in 2009. As with the blooming dates, the falling dates of blossoms became later in most species, with the exception for Weigela florida and Oplopanax elatus. Leaf bursting as well fell on later dates in a majority of species excluding Carpinus laxiflora and Cupressus sempervirens, displaying the most obvious differences among the data of analysis of the 2009-2010 physiological cycle changes. It is believed that was due to the fact that temperatures in February, March and April, which affect plants` blossoming and leaf bursting, were lower in 2010 than in 2009 and that cold temperatures in the winter lasted for a longer period in 2010 than in 2009. The dates of leaves being changed to red were similar in 2009 and 2010 by being or later or earlier by several weeks in 2010 than in 2009 without any regularity. Most species` leaves began to fall at similar dates in 2009 and 2010 or at later dates by one to two weeks in 2010 than in 2009. The temperature differences in late 2009 and late 2010 were not so large, resulting in similar dates of falling leaves, and gaps in several indicator plants` physiological cycles without any regularity can be attributed to each individual plant`s physiological and environmental characteristics.

Characterization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DA12 Showing Potent Antifungal Activity against Mycotoxigenic Fusarium Species

이테레사,박다미,김기현,임성미,유난희,김소수,김황용,정규석,장자영,박종철,함현희,이수형,홍승기,김진철 한국식물병리학회 2017 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.33 No.5

In an attempt to develop a biological control agent against mycotoxigenic Fusarium species, we isolated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain DA12 from soil and explored its antimicrobial activities. DA12 was active against the growth of mycotoxigenic F. asiaticum, F. graminearum, F. proliferatum, and F. verticillioides both in vitro and in planta (maize). Further screening using dual culture extended the activity range of strain DA12 against other fungal pathogens including Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum coccodes, Endothia parasitica, Fusarium oxysporum, Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae, and Rhizoctonia solani. The butanol extract of the culture filtrate of B. amyloliquefaciens DA12 highly inhibited the germination of F. graminearum macroconidia with inhibition rate 83% at a concentration of 31.3 μg/ml and 100% at a concentration of 250 μg/ml. The antifungal metabolite from the butanol extract was identified as iturin A by thin layer chromatography-bioautography. In addition, volatile organic compounds produced by DA12 were able to inhibit mycelial growth of various phytopathogenic fungi. The volatile compounds were identified as 2-heptanone, 5-methyl heptanone and 6-methyl heptanone by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. These results indicate that the antagonistic activity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DA12 was attributable to iturin A and volatile heptanones, and the strain could be used as a biocontrol agent to reduce the development of Fusarium diseases and mycotoxin contamination of crops.

Diffusible and Volatile Antifungal Compounds Produced by an Antagonistic Bacillus velezensis G341 against Various Phytopathogenic Fungi

임성미,윤미영,최경자,최영호,장경수,신택수,박해웅,유난희,김영호,김진철 한국식물병리학회 2017 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.33 No.5

The aim of this study was to identify volatile and agardiffusible antifungal metabolites produced by Bacillus sp. G341 with strong antifungal activity against various phytopathogenic fungi. Strain G341 isolated from fouryear- old roots of Korean ginseng with rot symptoms was identified as Bacillus velezensis based on 16S rDNA and gyrA sequences. Strain G341 inhibited mycelial growth of all phytopathogenic fungi tested. In vivo experiment results revealed that n-butanol extract of fermentation broth effectively controlled the development of rice sheath blight, tomato gray mold, tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust, barley powdery mildew, and red pepper anthracnose. Two antifungal compounds were isolated from strain G341 and identified as bacillomycin L and fengycin A by MS/MS analysis. Moreover, volatile compounds emitted from strain G341 were found to be able to inhibit mycelial growth of various phytopathogenic fungi. Based on volatile compound profiles of strain G341 obtained through headspace collection and analysis on GC-MS, dimethylsulfoxide, 1-butanol, and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (acetoin) were identified. Taken together, these results suggest that B. valezensis G341 can be used as a biocontrol agent for various plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi.

Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematodes by Organic Acid-Producing Lactobacillus brevis WiKim0069 Isolated from Kimchi

Hye Jeong Seo,박애란,Seulbi Kim,Jehyeong Yeon,유난희,하상현,장지윤,박해웅,Jin-Cheol Kim 한국식물병리학회 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.6

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are among the most destructive plant-parasites worldwide, and RKN control has been attempted mainly using chemical nematicides. However, these chemical nematicides have negative effects on humans and the environment, thus necessitating the search for eco-friendly alternative RKN control methods. Here, we screened nematicidal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kimchi and evaluated their efficacy as biocontrol agents against RKNs. Of 237 bacterial strains, Lactobacillus brevis WiKim0069 showed the strongest nematicidal activity against the second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria, and M. hapla and inhibited the egg hatch of M. incognita. The culture filtrate of WiKim0069 had a pH of 4.2 and contained acetic acid (11,190 μg/ml), lactic acid (7,790 μg/ml), malic acid (470 μg/ml), and succinic acid (660 μg/ml). An artificial mixture of the four organic acids produced by WiKim0069 also induced 98% M. incognita J2 mortality at a concentration of 1.25%, indicating that its nematicidal activity was derived mainly from the four organic acids. Application of WiKim0069 culture filtrate suppressed the formation of galls and egg masses on tomato roots by M. incognita in a dose-dependent manner in a pot experiment. The fermentation broth of WiKim0069 also reduced gall formation on melon under field conditions, with a higher efficacy (62.8%) than that of fosthiazate (32.8%). This study is the first report to identify the effectiveness of kimchi LAB against RKNs and to demonstrate that the organic acids produced by LAB can be used for the RKN management.