박목월(朴木月) 시집 『사력질(砂礫質)』 분석

송철수 ( Chul Soo Song ) 문창어문학회 2008 문창어문논집 Vol.45 No.-

Mok-wall is the most korean poet. He sang of Korean emotions the most and he is the poet who created the best Korean image in his early poetry. What the poet showed us in his last years is that the seeked the most Korean image at any given place. Mok-wall`s boundary in poetic thoughts lies in the understanding of searching Korea`s emotions and image regardless of the changing world. The collection "Saryukjil" is a series of poems which opened a world of unique interpretations of the most normal objects in life, shown by the expansion of the awareness of society originating from reality itself. Also, "Saryukji"" obliterated the stereotypes that Mok-wall`s expressions and image was too inclined to nature and was locked up in that world, acting as a suitable text for investigating his later viewpoints.

아칼라지아 환자에서 성공적인 풍선확장술의 기대인자 - 연동운동이 희복된 환자를 중심으로 -

송철수(Chul Soo Song),유영일(Young Il Yu),박승근(Seung Keun Park),강대환(Dae Hwan Kang),송근암(Geun Am Song),조몽(Mong Cho),양웅석(Ung Suk Yang) 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.5

N/A Objectives: Achalasia is primary esophageal motility disorder characterized by aperistalsis in body and incomplete lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters of successful balloon dilatation predicting long term outcome Methods: 17 patients with primary esophageal achalasia from March 1995 to December 1996 were included in this study. 5 patients were performed re-balloon dilatation due to recurrenee of symptoms, We used Rigiflex Achalasia Balloon with diameter of 30 and 35mm and balloon is dilated for 1 minute at a 5 minute interval. Esophageal manometry and scintigraphy before and after 1 month of balloon dilation were compared between groups with good long term results and relapsed Results: 1) After balloon dilatation, LES pressure, basal esophageal pressure and retention rate were significantly decreased 2) After 6 months of dilatation, 12 patients were successfully treated and 5 patients were recurred 3) No significant pre-dilatation parameters were found to predict the recurrence 4) After 1 month of dilatation, patients with recurrence of symptoms showed significant higher LES pressure and retention rate 5) 2 patients showed recovery of the peristasis, and in these patients, amplitude of esophageal body contraction of pre- and post-balloon dilatation were significantly high Conclusion: After 1 month of dilatation, LES pressure and retention rate can predict the outcome after balloon dilatation and high amplitude of esophageal body contraction predict recovery of peristalsis and long term good result

박목월(朴木月) 시(詩) 연구(硏究) - 『무순(無順)』을 중심으로

송철수 ( Chul Soo Song ) 문창어문학회 2012 문창어문논집 Vol.49 No.-

Park MokWol is an excellent poet who expressed Korean sentiments most fully. He published all 10 volumes of poetry and his last collection of poems except a posthumous collection of poems is 『Musun』, which means having no order. In his collection, 『Musun』, many Korean natural elements were used as poetic material, but 『Musun』 shows a certainly different world compared to his early books of poetry, 『Cheongrokjip』 or 『Sandohwa』 . 『Musun』 consists of works having more strong subjectivity than objectivity. So it is the collection of monologue-style which has strong appeal, read in a calm and low voice that enlightenment works very strongly. 『Musun』 is a necessary text throughout the history of Mokwol’s literature which forces people to reread the latter poetic world of the poet, MokWol

간세포암과 간경변증의 감별 진단에 있어서 Lens culinaris agglutinin-A 에 반응하는 AFP 분획 측정의 임상적 의의

송근암(Geum A m Song),김태오(Tae Oh Kim),송철수(Chul Soo Song),조몽(Mong Cho),양웅석(Ung Suk Yang),류수형(Soo Hyung Ryu),이성훈(Seong Hwun Lee),조병만(Byung Mann Cho) 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.57 No.5

N/A AFP has been the most useful tumor marker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) because AFP is tumor specific and organ specific. However it can be elevated in liver cirrhosis (LC) and chronic hepatitis as well. AFP in hepatocellular carcinoma has been known to be highly reactive Lens Culinaris Agglutinin-A (LCA-A). The aim of our study is to find whether LCA-A reactive AFP (AFP-L3) is useful in differentiation of HCC and LC with high serum AFP level (>20 ng/ml). Methods : The material consists of sera from 18 patients with HCC and 16 patients with LC whose serum AFP concentration was above 20 ng/ml. Sera were tested for AFP-L3 by lectin-affinity electrophoresis, coupled with antibody affinity blotting with alpha-fetoprotein differentiation kit L (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan). AFP-L3 fraction percentage was checked by densitometry (580nm, Cliniscan II, Helena). Results : AFP-L3 detection rate in membrane was 61.1% in HCC and 37.5% in LC. When cut-off value level is 15%, the positive rate was 61.1% in HCC and 31.2% in LC, and sensitivity and specificity of AFP-L3 fraction in HCC was 61.1% and 68.8% respectively. In according to these results, AFP-L3 was a useful marker in differentiation HCC and LC with high serum AFP level. There was no significant relation in AFP-L3 fraction and tumor size, but there was significant relation between AFP-L3 fraction and total AFP serum level(P=0.049). Conclusion : These results lead us to conclude that the level of AFP-L3 is a useful marker in differentiation of HCC and LC with high serum AFP level. (Korean. J. Med 57:875-880, 1999)

증례 : 소화기 ; 조영제 누출이 있는 고령의 위궤양 천공 환자의 비수술적 치료 1예

송원일 ( Won Il Song ),송철수 ( Chul Soo Song ),노주호 ( Ju Ho Noh ),정혜윤 ( Hye Yun Jeong ),김상수 ( Sang Su Kim ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회지 Vol.90 No.5

여러 문헌을 고찰해 볼 때, 활력 징후가 정상이고, 젊은 환자의 경우에는 비수술적 치료를 고려해 볼 수 있지만 오진의 가능성이나, 비수술적 치료 도중 수술적 치료로 전환되었을때의 부담감 등의 이유로 비수술적 치료를 우선적으로 선택하기에는 여전히 어려움이 있을 것으로 보인다. 본 증례의 환자는 고령이면서, 복막자극 징후를 동반한 위궤양 천공이 진단되어 비수술적 치료의 실패 가능성이 매우 높았지만 이전의 문헌에서 사용했던 소화성 궤양 천공의 보존적 치료 방법을 유지하여 성공적으로 치유되었다. 고령의 소화성 궤양 천공 환자에서 내과적인 치료만을 원하는 경우라도 성급하게 치료 실패를 예단하기보다 적극적인 관리를 통해 성공적인 치유를 기대할 수 있다는 가능성을 보고하고자 증례를 작성하였다. Peptic ulcer remains an important public health concern due to an aging society and the increasing use of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Perforated peptic ulcer is a major life-threatening complication of peptic ulcer. While the preferred treatment is surgery, conservative treatment does not result in significantly different outcomes in young, hemodynamically stable patients. However, conservative treatment of perforated peptic ulcer is associated with high failure rates in elderly patients. We report a case of an 87-year-old patient with a perforated peptic ulcer with contrast agent leakage. The patient was treated conservatively without complications; the treatment included non per os (NPO), insertion of a Levin tube, intravenous antibiotics, and a proton pump inhibitor. (Korean J Med 2016;90:410-415)

만성 B 형 바이러스성 간질환에서 혈청 히알루론산치와 4형 콜라겐치의 임상적 의의

유영일(Young Il Yu),이재승(Jae Seung Lee),김형욱(Hyong Wook Kim),송철수(Chul Soo Song),송근암(Geun Am Song),김순호(Sun Ho Kim),이창훈(Chang Hun Lee),조몽(Mong Cho),양웅석(Ung Suk Yang) 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.55 No.3

N/A Objective: Histopathologic evaluation has been used to evaluate the degree of hepatic fibrosis. This method may have limitations because percutaneous liver biopsy is invasive and histopathologic change shows heterogenicity in the liver. It has been reported that the biochemical markers may have an important role in evaluating the degree of hepatic fibrosis. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical significances of serum hyaluronic acid(HA) and type IV collagen(IV-C) levels on hepatic fibrosis in the patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis. Methods: This study included fifty eight patients with chronic viral liver diseases caused by HBV. Scheuer`s classification was used to determine the degree of hepatic fibrosis. The levels of hyaluronic acid and type IV collagen was evaluated by one-step sandwich binding protein assay and one-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay respectively. Results: The level of hyaluronic acid and type IV collagen in stage III(HA:589.4±193.7ng/ml, IV-C:444.5±221.3ng/ml) and IV(727.5±306.1ng/ml, IV-C:5192±210.5ng/ml) were higher than stage I(HA:207.2±206.8ng/ml, IV-C:210.0±92.0ng/ml) and II(HA:223.7±172.9ng/ml, IV- C:209.6±70.7ng/ml) in the patients with chronic viral hepatitis and cirrhosis. At cutoff value of 500ng/ml for HA and 250ng/ml for IV-C in chronic hepatitis B patients, the sensitivities were 85% and 85%, and specificities were 89.5% and 78.9%, and diagnostic efficiencies were 87.9% and 81% respectively for discriminating patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis(stageIII-IV) from those with mild hepatic fibrosis(stageI-II). Conclusion: The serum levels of hyaluronic acid and type IV collagen correlated significantly with the degree of hepatic fibrosis in the patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and cirrhosis. The serum hyaluronic acid and type IV collagen is useful biochemical markers for evaluating hepatic fibrosis and follow up of the patients with chronic viral hepatitis H and cirrhosis.

양성 식도협착에 부우지 및 풍선확장술의 효과

양웅석(Ung Suk Yang),박승근(Seung Keun Park),강대환(Dae Hwan Kang),송철수(Chul Soo Song),송근암(Geun Am Song),조몽(Mong Cho) 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.5

N/A Objectives: The causes of benign esophageal stricture were postoperative, corrosive, peptic and after esophageal sclerotheraphy, etc. The patients mainly suffered from dysphagia and insufficient nutrition. Recently, balloon and bougie dilatation were introduced to these patients. This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of both procedures in different types of strictures Methods: 32 patients who presented dysphagia enrolled from March 1996 to August 1997 who visited Pusan National University Hospital. Balloon dilatation was performed on 22 patients and bougie on 10 patients. Results: 1) The causes of stricture were postoperative (18 cases), corrosive (10 cases), hypertensive LES (2 cases), peptic (1 case) and web (1 case). 2) Overall cure rate was 59% in e dilatation and 40% in balloon dilatation 3) The cure rate of postopertive stricture was 59% which is significantly higher than that of corrosive stricture (27%), and cure rate of hypertensive LES peptic stricture and web was 100%. 4) Tje cure rate of carrosive stricture was significantly higher on bougie dilatation than balloon dilatation. 5) The cure rate of postoperative stricture was similiar between balloon and bougie dilatation 6) The length of stricture was inversly affected on cure rate of both dilatation procedures. 7) Overall complication was 5.6% and similiar between balloon and bougie dilatation. Conclusions: These results suggested that bougie dilatation was recommended on corrosive stricture and balloon dilatation on postopertive stricture

위 생검조직에서 PCR 을 사용한 Helicobacter pylori 검출

김광하(Gwang Ha Kim),옥창민(Chang Min Ok),유영일(Young Il Yu),허정(Jung Huh),최성호(Seong Ho Choi),송철수(Chul Soo Song),송근암(Geun Am Song),조몽(Mong Cho),양웅석(Ung Suk Yang),문한규(Han Kyu Moon) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.52 No.5

N/A Objective: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. Histological examination and culture are considered to be the most specific tests, and rapid urease test and serological test are rapid but less specific tests. 'I he aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay as a procedure for the diagnosis of H, pylori infection in gastric biopsy specimens. Methods: Biopsy specimens were obtained from the gastric antrum within 2cm from the pyloric channel of 42 patients during endoscopy and submitted for the histological examination, CLO test, and PCR assay. At the same time, another biopsy specimens were obtained from the lesion for the diagnosis of the diseases. Also, blood was sampled for the measure of the value of IgM and IgG. Results: As the result of the histopathological examination, chronic gastritis was diagnosed in 13 patients, gastric ulcer in 11, duodenal ulcer in H, and gastric cancer in 10. By the histological examination of the antrum, H, pylori were found in 77% of chronic gastritis, 55% of gastric ulcer, 75% of duodenal ulcer, and 40% of gastric cancer. As a whole, the bacteria was identified in 62%, 60%, 88%, 90%, 69% of patients by histological test, CLD test, IgM, IgG, and P(;R respectively. The gold standard we used for the presence of bacteria was histological examination. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, ancl negative predictive value for PCR assay were 92%, 69%, 83% and 85% respectively. The results of other test were as follows. CLO test: 89%, 88%, 92%, 82%, IgM:92%, 19%, 65%, 60%, IgG:100%, 25%, 68%, 100%, Conclusion: CR is a very sensitive but some- what less specific test for the detection of H. pylori. This is mainly due to the contamination of H. pylori during endoscopy and biopsy. So, minimization of the contamination would make PCR clinically useful test.

한국인 담석증에 대한 임상적 고찰

김광하(Gwang Ha Kim),옥창민(Chang Min Ok),김병진(Byung Jin Kim),주형준(Hyung Jun Joo),송철수(Chul Soo Song),송근암(Guen Am Song),조몽(Mong Cho),양웅석(Ung Suk Yang) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.29 No.3

N/A Background/Aitns: It has been reported frequently that clinical features of gallstone diseases in Koreans were different from those of Occidentals. These differences were thought to be due to inherent racial difference and acquired living habits. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the pattern of gallstone disease changes or not in Korea. Methods: We analyzed 5,488 cases of gallstone diseases which were reported in Korea frorn 1966 to 1994. We divided the period into 6 groups: the first period was 1,000 cases reported from 1966 to 1970, the second was 331 cases from 1971 to 1975, the third was 1,000 cases from 1976 to 1980, the fourth was 1,957 cases from 1981 to 1985, the fifth was 1,000 cases from 1986 to 1990, and the sixth was 200 cases from 1991 to 1993. Results: The age group of highest incidence was the fifth and sixth decade. The incidence below the third decade showed a decreasing tendency. In contrast, the incidence above sixth decade showed an increasing tendency. The male to female ratio was 1:1.25 to 1:1.71 and had no periological change. The duration of illness of highest frequency was below 6 months. In the case of duration above 5 years these was a decreasing tendency. The major complaints of biliary stone were right upper quadrant pain and tenderness. Nausea, vomiting, jaundice, and radiating pain showed a decreasing tendency. The major laboratory findings were leukocytosis, elevated SGOT and SGPT, elevated alkaline phosphatase, hyperbilirubinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Of these, only hypoalbuminernia had a decreasing tendency. By the second period, the main diagnostic procedures were oral cholecystogram and intravenous cholecysto- graphy. From the fourth period, ultrasonography, ERCP, CT and PTC were been used comrnonly. For the location of gallstone, the gallbladder stone revealed the only increasing tendency, the common bile duct stone had a decreasing tendency, and the intrahepatic duct stone had no periological change. From 1980, the cholesterol stone became the main composition of gallstones. But, there was no periological change between early and late 1980s. Positive bacterial culture rate was 57.0% and the most common microorganism was E. coli. Klebsiella and Enterobacter. Pseudomonas showed an increasing tendency. Of the diseases associated with gallstone, only diabetes had an increasing tendency. The frequency of residual stone had an increasing tendency. Conclusions: The age of peak incidence of gallstone diseases was the fifth and sixth decades and there was a little predominance in females. From 1980, the cholesterol stone becarne the main composition of gallstones. For the location of gallstone, the gallbladder stone showed an increasing tendency and the common bile duct stone revealed a decreasing tendency. These suggested clinical features of gallstone diseases in Koreans are somewhat similar to those of Occidentals. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1997;29:352 - 361)

남자에서 발생한 Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome 1예

백현철 ( Hyun Choul Baek ),배영석 ( Young Seok Bae ),이광재 ( Kwang Jae Lee ),김동현 ( Dong Hyun Kim ),배상훈 ( Sang Hoon Bae ),김동완 ( Dong Wan Kim ),윤정빈 ( Jung Bin Yoon ),송철수 ( Chul Soo Song ) 대한소화기학회 2010 대한소화기학회지 Vol.55 No.3

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome has been described as focal perihepatitis accompanying pelvic inflammatory disease caused by Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis. The highest incidence occurs in young, sexually active females. However, the syndrome has been reported to occur infrequently in males, according to the foreign literature. The predominant symptoms are right upper quadrant pain and tenderness, and pleuritic right sided chest pain. The clinical presentation is similar in men and women. In women, the spread of infection to liver capsule is thought to occur directly from infected fallopian tube via the right paracolic gutter. In men, hematogenous and lymphatic spread is thought to be postulated. Recently, we experienced a case of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome occurred in a man. As far as we know, it is the first report in Korea, and we report a case with a review of the literature. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2010;55:203-207)