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Implementation of GPS Spoofing Test Environment using Multiple GPS Simulators
소형민 사단법인 항법시스템학회 2016 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.5 No.4
A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which is typically exemplified by the Global Positioning System (GPS), employs a open signal structure so it is vulnerable to spoofing electronic attack using a similar malicious signal with that used in the GPS. It is necessary to require a spoofing test evaluation environment to check the risk of spoofing attack and evaluate the performance of a newly developed anti-spoofing technique against spoofing attacks. The present paper proposed a simulation method of spoofing environment based on simulator that can be implementable in a test room and analyzed the spoofing simulation performance using commercial GPS receivers. The implemented spoofing simulation system ran synchronized two GPS simulator modules in a single scenario to generate both of spoofing and GPS signals simultaneously. Because the signals are generated in radio frequency, a commercial GPS receiver can be tested using this system. Experimental test shows the availability of this system, and anti-spoofing performance of a commercial GPS receiver has been analyzed.
소형민,장재규,이기훈,송기원,박준표 사단법인 항법시스템학회 2016 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.5 No.4
Most existing studies on the wide-area differential global positioning system (WADGPS) employed a grid ionosphere model for error correction in the ionospheric delay. The present study discusses the application of satellite-based ionospheric delay model that provides an error model as a plane function with regard to individual satellites in order to improve accuracy in the WADGPS. The satellite-based ionospheric delay model was developed by Stanford University in the USA. In the present study, the algorithm in the model is applied to the WADGPS system and experimental results using measurements in the Korean Peninsula are presented. Around 1 m horizontal accuracy was exhibited in the existing planar fit grid model but when the satellite-based model was applied, correction performance within 1 m was verified.
GPS 시뮬레이터를 이용한 상용 GPS 수신기의 기만대응 특성 분석
소형민,장재규,이기훈,송기원,박준표 한국항공우주학회 2015 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.4
GPS 수신기에 대한 기만은 GPS 사용자를 악의적으로 유도할 수 있다는 점에서 매우 큰 위협이 된다. 최근의 연구들은 GPS 기만 위협이 현실화될 수 있음을 보여주고 있는 반면, 실제 비행환경에서의 기만 가능성에 대한 의문도 여전히 남아있다. 본 논문은 상용 GPS 수신기의 기만대응 특성을 분석하여, GPS 기만위협의 수준을 판단하고자 한다. 우선, 다중 RF GPS 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 기만환경을 모의하고, RF 입력을 이용하여 상용 GPS 수신기의 기만 대응 성능을 확인하였다. 모의실험을 통하여 상용 GPS 수신기의 기만환경에서의 측정치 특성을 분석하였고, 수신기 자체 무결성 검증 기능(RAIM)에 의한 기만 대응 성능을 확인하였다. GPS spoofing attack is big threat because the GPS user could be misled to a wrong place. Many studies showed that spoofing attack was able to mislead GPS user platform in the experimental test. However, other experts said it’s not possible to do spoofing attack on the fly. This paper is to show current status of anti-spoofing performance of COTS GPS receiver. In order to do the test on the COTS receiver, RF spoofing signal is generated by multi-RF GPS receiver. Using this test environment, the response characteristics of the receiver has been analyzed. And the test shows that the RAIM algorithm implemented on the GPS receiver could work against spoofing attack.
Performance Analysis of Pseudolite Tropospheric Delay Models Using Radiosonde Meteorological Data
소형민,박준표,송기원 사단법인 항법시스템학회 2013 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.2 No.1
When pseudolite navigation system is applied to wide area, the tropospheric delay is the main error factor. In this study, we experimentally compared and analyzed the performance of the conventional pseudolite tropospheric delay models. The integration method using radiosonde meteorological data was suggested to derive the reference value for the comparison and analysis. Flight tests were carried out to analyze the performance of the tropospheric delay models according to the elevation angle and distance conditions between the user receiver and the pseudolite. As the results of this study, we provided the basis for the choice of tropospheric delay model appropriate to the relative location characteristics of the pseudolite and the user.
한반도 기상데이터를 이용한 지상항법 대류권 지연 오차 보상기법
소형민,이기훈,박준표,So, Hyoungmin,Lee, Kihoon,Park, Junpyo 한국군사과학기술학회 2016 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Tropospheric delay is one of the largest error source in pseudolite navigation system. Because a pseudolite is installed on the ground and transmits its signal to a user in the air or on the ground, the conventional tropospheric delay model developed for a satellite navigation doesn't work properly. In this paper, performance analysis of several pseudolite tropospheric delay models has been done using meteorological data. Based on the result, a new compensation method for Hopfield model has been proposed.
Technical Issues on Implementation of GPS Signal Authentication System
소형민,장재규,이기훈,박준표 사단법인 항법시스템학회 2018 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.7 No.3
In recent years, a satellite navigation signal authentication technique has been introduced to determine the spoofing of commercial C/A code using the cross-correlation mode of GPS P(Y) code received at two receivers. This paper discusses the technical considerations in the implementation and application of authentication system simulator hardware to achieve the above technique. The configuration of the simulator consists of authentication system and user receiver. The synchronization of GPS signals received at two devices, data transmission and reception, and codeless correlation of P(Y) code were implemented. The simulation test result verified that spoofing detection using P(Y) codeless correlation could be achieved.
소형민,이기훈,김갑진,박준표 사단법인 항법시스템학회 2019 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.8 No.4
The satellite-based ionospheric model consists of local first-order plane function parameters for individual satellites and provides excellent accuracy in the flat ionospheric environment of the Korean Peninsula. This paper analyzes the performance of such model under the rapid changes in the ionosphere. Rapid changes in the ionosphere were observed in Korea from September to October 2014, and a satellite-based ionosphere model was applied to Wide Area Differential GPS (WADGPS) to analyze the navigation performance and the performance of estimating ionospheric delay errors. After processing the test data, it was confirmed that there was a deterioration in navigation performance and extrapolation performance in low-latitude areas and analyzed the cause.
소형민 ( Hyoungmin So ) 한국항행학회 2016 韓國航行學會論文誌 Vol.20 No.5
GPS P(Y) 코드와 같은 암호화 항법 신호원은 재생이 불가능하므로 기만에 강건하다. 하지만 암호화 신호원을 이용하기 위해서는 위성항법시스템 운용국가로부터 허가를 얻어야 하고 이용에 있어서도 상당한 제약이 따른다. 본 논문에서는 고이득 지향성 안테나를 이용하는 지상 기준국과 일반 위성항법 사용자를 모의하였다. 지상 기준국은 특정 항법위성에 대한 고이득 신호로부터 해당 위성이 방송하는 암호화 신호 코드를 복조하였다. 복조된 암호화 신호코드는 사용자 수신기 모의 데이터의 이상여부를 판단하고, 기만여부를 판단할 수 있었다. 본 논문은 이와 같은 방식을 적용하는 기만검출 기법을 제안하고 GPS 시뮬레이터를 이용한 모의분석 결과를 다룬다. It is well known that the encrypted ranging signal, such as GPS P(Y) code, is immune to spoofing attack. However, in order for users to use the signal, there needs permission from the operator. And also there are many restrictions for use because of security issues. In this paper, a ground reference station equipped with high-gain directional antenna and a user receiver were simulated. In the reference station, the encrypted code can be demodulated from the high-gain signal. And then the code can be used to detect spoofing attack in the user receiver. This paper proposes the spoofing detection method using the encrypted signal and deals with simulation results.