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Myostatin Inhibitors: Panacea or Predicament for Musculoskeletal Disorders?
서준호,Yun-Sil Lee 대한골대사학회 2020 대한골대사학회지 Vol.27 No.3
Myostatin, also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), is a transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family member that functions to limit skeletal muscle growth. Accordingly, loss-of-function mutations in myostatin result in a dramatic increase in muscle mass in humans and various animals, while its overexpression leads to severe muscle atrophy. Myostatin also exerts a significant effect on bone metabolism, as demonstrated by enhanced bone mineral density and bone regeneration in myostatin null mice. The identification of myostatin as a negative regulator of muscle and bone mass has sparked an enormous interest in developing myostatin inhibitors as therapeutic agents for treating a variety of clinical conditions associated with musculoskeletal disorders. As a result, various myostatin-targeting strategies involving antibodies, myostatin propeptides, soluble receptors, and endogenous antagonists have been generated, and many of them have progressed to clinical trials. Importantly, most myostatin inhibitors also repress the activities of other closely related TGF-β family members including GDF11, activins, and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), increasing the potential for unwanted side effects, such as vascular side effects through inhibition of BMP 9/10 and bone weakness induced by follistatin through antagonizing several TGF-β family members. Therefore, a careful distinction between targets that may enhance the efficacy of an agent and those that may cause adverse effects is required with the improvement of the target specificity. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the endogenous function of myostatin, and provide an overview of clinical trial outcomes from different myostatin inhibitors.
THERMAL PLASMA SYNTHESIS OF NANO-SIZED POWDERS
서준호,홍봉근 한국원자력학회 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.1
A brief review on the thermal plasma synthesis of nano-sized powders is presented according to the application materials,such as, metals, ceramics, glasses, carbonaceous materials and other functional composites, such as, supported metal catalyst and core-shell structured nano materials. As widely adopted plasma sources available for thermal plasma synthesis of nanosized powders, three kinds of plasma torches, such as transferred and non-transferred DC and RF plasma torches, are introduced with the main features of each torch system. In the basis of the described torch features and the properties of suggested materials, application results including synthesis mechanism are reviewed in this paper.
대형 플랫폼 시장과 New Brandeis School의 구조적 시정조치론 검토- 구조적 경쟁법 규제론의 타당성과 우리나라에의 시사점 -
서준호 법무부 2021 선진상사법률연구 Vol.- No.96
Huge Platform Market causes anxiety of fair competition in regards of ‘Big4 problems in information economy era’, based on multi-sidedness or on data-superiority, etc. US has been in a trend of relaxation of regulation in antitrust regulation since the Sherman Act. Recently, argument of revitalizing antitrust regulation centered mainly on the words of Brandeis, so that it is newly named as ‘New Brandeis School’, arguing of structural correction action which is considerably radical, has been emerged. This paper took review on fair competition discussion in a huge platform market, on necessity of supplementing or replacing the standard of judging anti-competitiveness, and on defining NBS including major arguments of Khan, Lynn, and Warren. It also examined structural corrective action’s implication on Korea, comparatively scrutinizing EU’s ortho-liberalistic approach in antitrust regulation. 대형 플랫폼 시장은 다면성뿐만 아니라 데이터 우위 등 다양한 특질을 바탕으로 ‘정보경제시대의 4대 문제’에 관하여 공정경쟁문제의 우려를 일으킨다. 미국에서는 독점금지법에 관한 셔먼법 하 브랜다이스 등을 중심으로 한 제재적 접근 이래로 상당히 규제완화적인 흐름 속에 있다가, 최근 신 브랜다이스 학파의 등장이라 명명될 만큼 강한 규제의 필요성 논의가 부상하였다. 본 고에서는 규제강화 논의 중에서도 상당히 급진적인 내용인 구조적 시정조치론을 주장하는 신 브랜다이스 학파의 견해를 정리하고 제언의 타당성을 검토한 후 우리나라에의 시사점을 검토하였다. 대형 플랫폼 시장에서의 공정성 논의와 소비자후생 등 기존의 반경쟁성 판단의 기준을 대체하거나 보완할 새로운 기준의 필요성을 살펴보고, 나아가 브랜다이스의 주장이 시카고 학파의 반론을 거쳐 어떻게 신 브랜다이스 학파의 견해로 정리될 수 있는지 Khan, Lynn, Warren의 주된 주장을 각 검토하였다. 그리고 유럽의 질서자유주의적 경쟁법 규제론과 비교하여 신 브랜다이스 학파의 구조적 시정조치론이 우리나라의 향후 경쟁법 규제에 대하여 갖는 시사점을 살펴보았다.
모튼이펙트 해석을 위한 동역학-구조-유체-열전달 시간과도응답 연성해석 시차적분법에서 시상수 효과 분석
서준호,정승화 한국트라이볼로지학회 2019 한국트라이볼로지학회지 (Tribol. Lubr.) Vol.35 No.1
The present study focuses on the effect of staggered integration factor (SIF) on Morton effect simulation results. The Morton effect is a synchronous rotordynamic instability problem caused by the temperature differential across the journal in fluid film bearings. Convection and conduction of heat in the thin film displaces the hot spot, which is the hottest circumferential position in the thin film, from -20 to 40 degrees ahead of the high spot, where the minimum film clearance is experienced. The temperature differential across the journal causes a bending moment and the corresponding thermal bow in the rotating frame acts like a distributed synchronous excitation in the fixed frame. This thermal bow may cause increased vibrations and continued growth of the synchronous orbit into a limit cycle. The SIF is developed assuming that the response of the rotor-lubricant-bearing dynamic system is much quicker than that of the bearing-journal thermal system, and it is defined as the ratio between the simulation time of the thermal system and the rotor-spinning period. The use of the SIF is unavoidable for efficient computing. The value of the SIF is chosen empirically by the software users as a value between 100 and 400. However, the effect of the SIF on Morton effect simulation results has not been investigated. This research produces simulation results with different values of SIF.