철도교통관제사의 직무스트레스와 처우개선에 대한 탐색적 연구: 대전도시철도공사를 대상으로

김흥철 한국도시철도학회 2018 한국도시철도학회논문집 Vol.6 No.1

최근에 철도안전법은 철도안전규정의 강화로 지속적으로 개정되고 있으며, 2017년 7월부터는 철도교통관제사 자격증명제도가 도입되었다. 철도사고의 발생은 철도교통관제사의 직무스트레스로 이어지고 있기 때문에 열차에 대한 철도교통관제사의 집중감시는 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 대전도시철도공사 철도교통관제사의 직무스트레스의 발생원인과 처우개선 대책을 수립하기 위해 전․현직 관제사와 관제교육이수자 총104명 대상으로 설문조사를 시행한 후 최종분석에는 응답자 84명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 더불어 2017년 12월 이후 치러진 철도교통관제사 9명의 실기시험 결과를 분석 후 나머지 53명에 대한 관제사 실기시험의 희망의사를 조사하였다. 관제사들이 인식하는 처우개선의 우선순위는 승진우대(45.1%)> 환경개선(32.9%)> 보수우대(11.0%)> 임원신임(6.1%)> 기회제공(4.9%)의 순으로 분석되었다. 그리고 관제업무 희망도는 운전분야가 100%, 비운전분야는 20.8%로 분석되어 향후에 희망도가 높은 운전분야 출신의 많은 관제사 양성의 필요성이 대두되었다. 이 결과는 철도교통관제사의 처우개선의 방향과 운전분야 출신의 관제사 양성을 제안하였다. Recently, the railway safety law has been revised due to the strengthen of railway safety regulations and railway traffic controller qualification test was newly introduced since july 2017. Intensive monitoring of trains is very important because railway accidents lead to job stress of railway traffic controllers. The study was conducted on 84 respondents out of former and current controller and analyzed the practical test results of railway traffic controllers conducted at the end of 2017. In addition, we surveyed the desire of the controller test for 53 people. The Priority of Treatment improvement that the controllers is recognizing are analyzed as ranking Promotion Preference(45.1%)> Environmental Improvement(32.9%)> Salary Preference(11.0%)> Executives Trust (6.1%)> Opportunity Provision(4.9%). And The desire for control work are analyzed that the driving field is 100% and the non-driving field is 20.8%, we knew that the controller will have to mass-produce from the driving field in the future. This result suggests the direction of treatment improvement about railroad traffic controllers and controller training from the driving field.

Seasonal Prevalence of Mosquitoes Collected from Light Traps in the Republic of Korea,2001

김흥철,Oscar S. FRIENDLY,Jason G. PIKR,Anthony L. SCHUSTER,Monica L. O'GUINN,Terry A. KLEIN 한국곤충학회 2003 Entomological Research Vol.33 No.3

Adult mosquito surveillance was conducted during 2001 at 28 US military installations and training sites located in five provinces in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Adult mosquitoes were collected in New Jersey and dry ice-baited CDC-type light traps from 1 May through 15 October. Mosquito surveillance was conducted to determine threshold levels to initiate pesticide applications and identify malaria infection rates at selected Army installations and training sites. A total of 61,584 adults [45,814 (74.4%) females and 15,770 (25.6%) males] comprising 17 species and 7 genera were collected during 2001. The most common species collected were Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann (36.3%), Aedes vexans nipponii (Theobald) (23.1%), Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (22.3%) and Culex pipiens Coquillett (17.6%). Trap indices (TIs) varied widely for species over their range, due in part, to geographical distribution and degree of association with urban communities. During 2001, the TI for An. sinensis was 19.6 females/trap night compared to years 1999 and 2000, when the TI for the Munsan area was 1.4 and 2.9 times (27.7 and 57.4 TI) greater, respectively. The weekly population densities for some species were variable for each of the years, apparently as a result of variable annual weather conditions. None of the 16,302 Anopheles sinensis assayed for plasmodium vivax (Pv) malaria infections by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were positive.

Seasonal Prevalence of Mosquitoes Collected from Light Traps in the Republic of Korea, 2002

김흥철,정성태,Jason G. PIKE,Monica L. O'GUINN,Laura A. PACHA,이희춘,Terry A. KLEIN 한국곤충학회 2004 Entomological Research Vol.34 No.3

Adult mosquito surveillance was conducted during 2002 at 30 US military installationsand training sites located in six provinces in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Adult mosquitoeswere collected in New Jersey and dry ice-baited New Jersey light traps from 1 May through15 October. Mosquito surveillance was conducted to determine threshold levels to initiate pesticideapplications and identify malaria infection rates at selected Army installations and trainingsites. A total of 100,617 adults [82,410 (81.9%) females and 18,207 (18.1%) males] comprising 17species and 7 genera were collected during 2002. The most common species collected were Culextritaeniorhynchus Giles (49.5%), Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann (30.9%), Culex pipiensCoquillett (11.8%) and Aedes vexans nipponii (Theobald) (7.1%). Trap indices (TIs) varied widelyfor species over their range, due in part, to geographical distribution and degree of association withurban communities. Anopheles sinensis were collected at the same level while Culex tritaeniorhynchusincreased by 27.2% in 2001, due in part to very high populations of Culex tritaeniorhynchusat Gunsan Air Base. The weekly population densities for some species werevariable for each of the years, apparently as a result of variable annual weather conditions. None ofAnopheles sp. assayed for plasmodium vivax (Pv) malaria infections by Enzyme LinkedImmunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were positive.

Seasonal prevalence of mosquitoes collected from light traps in the Republic of Korea, 2007

김흥철,정성태,Peter V. NUNN,Terry A. KLEIN 한국곤충학회 2010 Entomological Research Vol.40 No.2

Adult mosquito surveillance was conducted using New Jersey light traps from 1 May to 15 October during 2007 at 14 US Army and three Air Force installations and two US Army training sites located in six provinces in the Republic of Korea to determine threshold levels to initiate pesticide applications based on trap indices. A total of 24 013 adult mosquitoes (19 763 [82.3%] females and 4250 [17.1%] males) comprising 16 species (including five members of the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group) and belonging to seven genera were collected. Females of the most commonly collected species were members of the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group (52.1%), followed by, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (20.6%), Culex pipiens Coquillett (13.8%), and Aedes vexans nipponii (Theobald) (11.6%). Trap indices varied widely for species over their range, due in part, to geographical distribution and degree of association with urban or rural communities.

Seasonal prevalence of mosquitoes collected from light traps in the Republic of Korea, 2005

김흥철,정승태,Brett W. COLLIER,Terry A. KLEIN 한국곤충학회 2009 Entomological Research Vol.39 No.1

Adult mosquito surveillance was conducted during 2005 at 22 US military installations and two training sites located in six provinces in the Republic of Korea. Adult mosquitoes were collected in New Jersey light traps from 1 May to 15 October to determine threshold levels to initiate pesticide applications based on trap indices. A total of 27 363 adult mosquitoes (22 368 [81.7%] females and 4995[18.3%] males) comprising 15 species (including five members of the Anopheles sinensis group) belonging to seven genera were collected. The most common species collected were members of the Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann group (50.2%), followed by Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (30.6%), Aedes vexans nipponii (Theobald) (11.8%), and Culex pipiens Coquillett (6.3%) females. Trap indices varied widely for species over their range, due in part to geographical distribution and degree of association with urban or rural communities.

탄소중립 도시계획 수립을 위한 기초조사항목 개선에 관한 연구

김흥철,최윤수,방혜선 한국지적학회 2023 한국지적학회지 Vol.39 No.3

Along with the revision of Planning Guidelines to achieve carbon neutrality, “Development of Planning Support Technology based on Carbon Spatial Map” is being promoted as a national R&D Project. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the current basic survey items were met to establish carbon neutral urban plans and to propose a plan to improve the legal system. By basic surveys in the legal system, we derived carbon neutrality survey items, and analyzed the usability of the basic survey items and carbon spatial map data for them. Thus the analysis confirmed the usability of only 20%. Accordingly, we added ‘carbon neutrality’ as a new category to the existing basic survey items list, and proposed the revision draft of the legal system that can link between information systems. 탄소중립 달성을 위한 계획수립지침의 개정과 함께 ‘탄소공간지도기반 계획지원 기술개발’을 국가 R&D 사업으로 추진하고 있다. 본 연구는 탄소중립 계획수립을 위해 현행 기초조사항목이 충족되는지 분석하여 법제도 개선(안)을 제시하고자 하였다. 국토계획법상에서 지침과의 기초조사 관계를 파악하고, 탄소중립 조사항목을 도출하여, 기초조사항목과 탄소공간지도의 기초데이터 활용 여부를 분석하였다. 현행 기초조사항목과 기초데이터는 탄소중립 조사항목의 약 20%만 활용 가능한 수준인 것으로 분석되었다. 이에 따라 현행 기초조사항목에서 ‘탄소중립’을 대항목으로 추가하고, 이를 법제도 안에서 유기적으로 연동될 수 있도록 법제도 개정(안)을 제시하였다. 끝으로 기초조사정보체계와 탄소공간지도시스템의 연계 및 활용을 통한 기초조사 수집 체계를 제안하였다.

Mosquito species distribution and larval breeding habitats with taxonomic identification of Anopheline mosquitoes in Korea

김흥철,Terry A. KLEIN,이원자,Brett W. COLLIER,정승태,William J. SAMES,이인용,이영재,이동규 한국곤충학회 2007 Entomological Research Vol.37 No.1

In 2005, adult and larval mosquito surveillance was conducted at selected sites in Korea to associate larval habitats with species distribution of mosquitoes of the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group (An. sinensis, An. lesteri, An. pullus, An. belenrae and An. kleini) and other mosquito species. Anopheles specimens belonging to the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group were identified to species level by molecular confirmation using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2 within nuclear ribosomal (r)DNA. A total of 6644 mosquitoes from resting and light trap collections (4451; 67.0%) and larval collections (2193; 33.0%) comprising 32 species and nine genera (Culex [11], Anopheles [8], Ochlerotatus [5], Aedes [3], Armigeres [1], Coquillettidia [1], Mansonia [1], Tripteroides [1] and Lutzia [1]) were collected. Larval habitats were characterized into 14 categories. Of a total of 4534 Anopheles spp. collected (3766 resting and light trap collections and 768 larval collections), Anopheles sinensis (3194; 70.4%) was the most frequently captured, followed by An. kleini (813; 17.9%), An. pullus (299; 6.6%) and An. belenrae (129; 2.8%). Fourspecies of Anopheles (An. lesteri, An. sineroides, An. koreicus and An. lindesayi) were infrequently collected (<3.0%) at all sites surveyed by all methods of collection. Anopheles kleini, An. pullus and An. belenrae were collected in greater proportions in malaria high-risk areas north of Seoul, and were infrequently collected in other parts of Korea, where An. sinensis was the predominant Anopheles spp. captured. A total of 2110 culicine mosquitoes (685 adult collections and 1425 larval collections) comprising 24 species and eight genera were collected.

Seasonal prevalence of mosquitoes collected from light traps in the Republic of Korea in 2003

김흥철,정승태,Lisa L. O'BRIEN,Monica L. O'GUINN,Michael J. TURELL,이희춘,Terry A. KLEIN 한국곤충학회 2006 Entomological Research Vol.36 No.3

Surveillance of adult mosquitoes was conducted at 29 US military installations and training sites in six provinces in the Republic of Korea during 2003. Adult mosquitoes were collected in New Jersey light traps and dry ice-baited New Jersey light traps from 1 May to 15 October. Mosquito surveillance was conducted to determine threshold levels to initiate pesticide applications and identify malaria infection rates at selected army installations and training sites. A total of 42 024 adult mosquitoes (32 594 females [77.6%] and 9430 males [22. 4%]) comprising 14 species and Anopheles sinensis s.l. (a complex of five species), representing seven genera, were collected. The most common species were members of theAnopheles sinensis Wiedemann complex (54.9%), followed by Aedes vexans nipponii(Theobald) (19.0%), Culex pipiens Coquillett (14.3%) and Culex tritaeniorhynchusGiles (10.6%). Trap indices varied widely for species over their range, due in part to geographical distribution and degree of association with urban communities.

Historical review and surveillance of Japanese encephalitis, Republic of Korea, 2002–2004

김흥철,Michael J. TURELL,Monica L. O’'GUINN,John S. LEE,정성태,주영란,Terry A. KLEIN 한국곤충학회 2007 Entomological Research Vol.37 No.4

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), transmitted by culicine mosquitoes, is endemic throughout much of South-East Asia, extending to the Korean Peninsula. The zoonotic cycle is from large water birds to culicine mosquitoes, with swine as an amplifying host and man as an incidental host. Culex tritaeniorhynchus, the primary JEV vector in the Republic of Korea, populations peak in late August through to early September when most cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) are reported. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus were observed near the Demilitarized Zone in each of the years that mosquitoes were assayed for JEV. Each year that vector mosquitoes were assayed for JEV, minimum field infection rates (number of JEV positive mosquites/1000Cx. tritaeniorhynchus assayed) ranged from 0.31 to 3.27. The epidemiology of JE has been recorded in Korea for more than half a century, from 1949 to 2005. During a major epidemic in 1949, there were 5616 cases and 2729 deaths reported, with levels persisting near epidemic levels of 1000 cases annually thereafter until 1969. Following the introduction and government mandated mass immunization in 1971, JE decreased dramatically. Since 1984, 0-6 cases of JE have been reported each year. However, continued evidence of mosquitoes positive for JEV indicates that JE continues to be a civilian and military health threat to immunocompromised persons in Korea, as well as non-immune US soldiers, civilians and their family members.

Biological Control of Anopheles sinensis with Native Fish Predators (Aplocheilus and Aphyocypris) and Herbivorous Fish, Tilapia in Natural Rice Fields in Korea

김흥철,이준학,양경형,유효석 한국곤충학회 2002 Entomological Research Vol.32 No.4

A confined field experiment was conducted to investigate biological control of malaria and inland filariasis vector, Anopheles sinensis Wied. by combined use of larvivorous fishes, Aplocheilus latipes or Aphyocypris chinensis and herbivorous, Tilapia mossambicus niloticus in natural rice fields at Banwol near Suwon, Gyeonggi province from June through October, 1989. In the presence of naturally breeding Aplocheilus at the density of 0.8 fish/m2 water surface, the natural control of Anopheles larvae ranged 34.4% to 51.6% from June through August; later supplemental introduction of herbivore (Tilapia) at the release rate of 1-pair per 10m2 resulted in 67.8% increased to 80.0% control of Anopheles sinensis in 3rd and 5th week respectively. In a combined fish release at the rate of 1.0 fish/m2 of Aphyocypris and 1-pair/10 m2 of Tilapia produced 67.3% and 82.1% mosquito larval reduction in 3rd and 5th week periods,respectively. The similar pattern of gradual but significant suppression of mosquitoes was also evident in separate rice paddy in 4~5 week period, maintaining ca. 75~82% for the subsequent mosquito breeding season in comparison with control plot.