포도씨를 再活用한 活性炭의 製造

김학희,윤경식,김명녀,Kim, Hak-Hee,Yoon, Kyung-Sik,Kim, Myung-Nyu 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2005 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구에서는 농산물 폐기물인 국산 포도씨를 원료로 사용하여 roasting, cabonization, chemical activation 과정을 각각 거쳐 활성탄을 제조하였다. 화학적 활성화는 NaOH, KOH, ZnCl$_2$를 활성화제로 사용하였다. 100-300wt%의 중량비율로 활성화하여 제조된 활성탄의 N$_2$-BET 비표면적은 44.09~121.33 m$^2$/g으로 측정되었다. 포도씨 활성탄에 메틸렌 블루를 흡착 시킨 후 UV spectrometer를 사용하여 투광도를 측정하였으며, 투광도 측정 시 메틸렌 블루의 최대 흡광파장은 660 nm로 설정하였다. 그 결과 메틸렌블루의 흡착은 NaOH 활성화제를 사용하여 제조한 활성탄에서 가장 잘 이루어졌으며, 평형 흡착 시간은 60분인 것으로 나타났다. Korean grape-seed that is one of the agricultural waste was used as a raw material to prepare activated carbon through roasting, carbonization and chemical activation processes. NaOH, KOH, ZnCl$^2$ were also used as activation reagents. The mixing of the ratios of the grape-seed and each activation reagent were varied to 100-300 weight percent. The surface areas of the activated carbon manufacture from the grape-seed were 44.09~121.33 m$^2$/g. The adsorbate transmittance of methylene blue was determined UV absorption at 660 nm as maximum adsorption wavelength using by UV spectrophotometer. As a result, adsorption of methylene blue on the activated carbon prepared with NaOH activation was more successful than others. Equilibrium absorption time was approximately 60 min.

HPLC 를 이용한 홍화의 분석

김명녀,김학희 ( Myung Nyu Kim,Hak Hee Kim ) 한국공업화학회 1995 공업화학 Vol.6 No.2

홍화는 플라보노이드성 천연안료로 섬유의 염색료로, 식용색소로 그리고 색조 화장품의 착색료로 사용된다. 또한 홍화는 동양에서 순환기 계통의 약품으로 전통적으로 사용되었다. 홍화의 새로운 화학성분을 찾는 실험중에 약리효과를 나타내는 성분으로 알려져 있는 플라보노이드 성분을 새로이 발견하였으며 이 플라보노이드들은 분리되어 그 성분이 밝혀졌다. 여기에서는 HPLC를 사용하여 홍화중의 플라보노이드들을 정성분석하고 그 중에 함유량이 가장 많은 플라보노이드를 정량분석하였다. 이 방법은 그의 반복성과 재현성을 검토하여 검정되었다. Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.) is used as a natural pigment for fiber, food and cosmetic. It is also traditionally used in the Orient as a medicinal plant for treatment of circulatory diseases. Several flavonoids, which were known constituents having a pharmacological activity were discovered through a screening test for new constituents of Safflower. These flavonoids have been isolated and elucidated. In this paper, we reported the result of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major flavonoid glycosides of Safflower by high-performance liquid chromatography. The method of analysis was confirmed by repeatibility and reproducibility.

커피활성탄에 의한 Cu (2) 의 흡착

김학희,김명녀,임성환 한국공업화학회 1999 응용화학 Vol.3 No.1

Activated carbons were successfully prepared from coffee waste by chemical activation with Phosphoric acid. Coffee waste was roasted at 300∼400℃. Carbonization was carried out at 750℃, 1hr. Chemical activation was carried out by using phosphoric acid as an activation agent at 700℃, 2hr. The concentration of Phosphoric acid was in the range of 30% ∼50%. N_2-BET surface area of activated coffee char prepared by chemical activation was measured as about 975∼1154㎡/g. Adsorption concentration of copper(II) by coffee activated carbon was found in the range of 340ppm∼238ppm. Structural change of pore surface was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM).

바이오매스 흡착제에 의한 구리흡착

김환영,김명녀,김경호,김학희 한국공업화학회 2005 응용화학 Vol.9 No.1

Biomass adsorbent which is a kind of activated carbon was successfully prepared from biomass. The watermelon-seed was used as a raw material for the production of activated carbon. Preparation process involves the roasting of raw material and carbonization of roasted material followed by chemical activation. Chemical activation was carried out by using phosphoric acid as an activation agent at 700℃, 2hr. N₂-BET surface areas of activated watermelon char prepared by chemical activation were measured as about 283-968㎡/g. The adsorbate transmittance of copper(Ⅱ) was determined UV absorption at 740nm as maximum absorption wavelength using UV spectrophotometer. Removal of copper(Ⅱ) in solution by activated carbon was carried out and structural change of pore surface was observed by SEM.

H₃PO₄ 활성화에 의한 커피활성탄의 제조

김명녀,임성환,김학희 선문대학교 ·중소기업기술지원연구소 1999 선문공대 연구/기술 논문집 Vol.4 No.1

커피 폐기물을 인산(H_3PO_4)를 사용하여 화학적 활성화에 의한 활성탄의 제조를 하였다 처음 단계로 커피 폐기물을 300~400℃에서 roasting을 실시하였다 탄화는 650℃, 1hr동안 실시하였으며, 화학적 활성화는 활성화제로 H_3PO_4를 사용하여 700, 2hr동안 실시를 하였다 이때 H_3PO_4의 농도는 30%~50%의 범위내에서 사용되었다 활성화를 시킨 후 공기 중에서 냉각을 시키고, 뜨거울 물로 수세를 하였다 마지막으로 110℃의 오븐 속에서 건조를 시켰다. 최적의 제조조건을 얻기 위하여 활성화제, 탄화의 온도 및 시간을 정량적으로 다양하게 변화를 주었다 화학적 활성화에 의하여 제조된 활성탄의 비표면적(BET surface areas)은 975~1154㎡/g펄 측정되었다 A series of activated carbon was prepared from coffee waste by chemical activation with phosphoric acid(H_3PO_4). At first, coffee waste was roasted at 300~400℃. Carbonization was carried out at 650℃, 1hr Chemical activation was carried out by using phosphoric acid as an activation agent at 700℃, 2hr. The concentration of phosphoric acid was in the range of 30% ~50%. The final product was washed thoroughly with hot water and finally dried at 110℃ in an air oven. In order to obtain optimum manufacturing conditions, we change independent variables such as quantities of activation agent, temperature and duration of carbonization. BET surface areas of activated coffee char prepared by chemical activation were measured as about 975~ 1154㎡/g.

농산물 폐기물로 제조된 활성탄의 흡착 특성

윤경식,김명녀,김학희 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.1

Activated carbons were prepared from agricultural wastes by chemical activation with KOH. The seed of water-melon was used as raw materials. Preparation process involves the roasting of raw material and carbonization of roasted material followed by chemical activation. N₂-BET surface areas and total pore volumes of activated water-melon char prepared by chemical activation were measured as 128∼978㎡/g and 0.002∼0.317㎤/g, respectively. Adsorption of methylene blue in solution by activated carbon was carried out and the adsorbate transmittance of methylene blue was determined UV absorption at 660nm using UV spectrophotometer.

농산물 폐기물에 의한 활성탄의 제조 및 중금속 흡착

윤경식,김명녀,김학희 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

Activated carbons were prepared from agricultural wasres by chemical activation with phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide. The coffee wastes and prpper-seed were used as raw materials. Preparation process involves the roasting of raw material and carbonization of roasted material followed by chemical activation . N_2-BET surface areas of activated coffee char and perrer-seed char prepared by chemical activation were measured as 975~1154 m^2/g and 1355~2266 m^2/g, respectively. Removal of copper in solution by two different activated carbons was carried out and structural change of pore surface was observed by SEM.

농산물 부산물로 제조한 활성탄의 크롬흡착

윤경식,김명녀,김경호,김학희 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.2

Activated carbon was produced from grape-seed, which is an agricultural by-product, by chemical activation with NaOH, KOH and ZnCl₂. It was examined the characteristics of activated carbon through BET specific surface area, N₂ adsorption isotherm, pore size distribution, average pore radius, pore volume and SEM photograph. Especially, most important factor of activated carbon produced by chemical activation was a ratio of chemical agent. The N₂-BET specific surface areas of activated grape-seed char prepared by chemical activation were measured as about 44.09 -121.33 ㎡/g with 100-300 wt% chemical ratio of NaOH, KOH and ZnCl₂, respectively. Removal of chromium in solution by activated carbon was carried out.

포도씨 활성탄에 의한 n-Hexane gas의 기상흡착

윤경식,김환영,김명녀,박윤수,김학희 한국공업화학회 2005 응용화학 Vol.9 No.1

Korean grape-seed that is one of the agricultural wastes was used as a raw material to prepare activated carbon through roasting, carbonization and chemical activation processes. NaOH was used as activation reagent. It was examined the chracteristics of activated carbon through BET specific surface area, pore size distribution, average pore radius, pore volume and SEM photograph. The mixing of the ratio of the grape-seed and activation reagent was varied to 100 ~ 300 weight percent. The surface areas of the activated carbon manufactured from the grape-seed were 47.9- 121.3 ㎡/g. Adsorption of n-Hexane gas by our activated carbon under gas phase was carried out and structural change of pore surface was observed by SEM.

바이오매스에 의한 활성탄의 제조 및 Cr^(+6) 흡착

윤경식,김명녀,한상미,김학희 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.2

A series of activated carbon was prepared from biomass by chemical activation with ZnCl₂, NaOH and KOH. The seed of water-melon was used as raw materials. Preparation process involves the roasting of raw material and carbonization of roasted material followed by chemical activation. The final product was washed throughly with hot water and finally dried at 110℃. N₂-Langmuir surface areas of activated water-melon char prepared by chemical activation were measured as 72~978㎡/g, respectively. Removal of chromium in solution by activated carbon was carried out and structural change of pore surface was observed by SEM.