랫드에 경구투여한 에틸파라벤의 독물동력학 모델링

김판기,Kim, PanGyi 한국환경보건학회 2014 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.40 No.5

Objectives: The internal dose of ethyl parabens is important in order to evaluate the risk of this chemical. However, there are little PK model data for parabens to apply this. This experiment attempted PK modeling to ascertain PK values. Methods: Twenty mg/kg ethyl paraben was administered orally to Sprague-Dawley rats at the same point in time. The rats were sacrificed at times 0, 15, 30 and minutes, and 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours after oral gavage. Blood and urine were collected and pretreated for analysis. Accuracy, precision and LOD (limit of detection) were calculated for this analysis. Ethyl paraben, detected by HPLC-MS, was applied to PK modeling using Berkeley Madonna. Results: This study showed 100.1-103.7% accuracy, 1.4-3.7% precision and a 1.0 ng/mL limit of detection. Orally administered ethyl paraben reached maximum concentration after 30 minutes of dosing in serum and urine of rats. The concentrations were 2,354 ng/mL in serum and 386,000 ng/mL in urine samples. These peak concentrations were excreted after one hour of intubation over 12 hours. For the pharmacokinetic parameters of ethyl paraben revealed using Berkeley Madonna, the absorption rate was 5.539/hour, the excretion rate was 0.048/hour, the half-life was 14.441 hours and AUC was 481,186 ng hour/mL. Conclusion: Orally administered ethyl paraben was absorbed rapidly in rats and excreted in urine. This chemical, ethyl paraben, accumulated in the body but was excreted over 12 hours after dosing.

가습기살균제 피해자의 아픔을 줄일 수 있었다

김판기(Pangyi Kim),최윤형(Yoon-Hyeong Choi),박영철(YeongChul Park),박태현(Tae-Hyun Park),임종한(JongHan Leem) 한국환경보건학회 2022 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.48 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to reveal the circumstances under which the cases of harm to health caused by humidifier disinfectant were neglected and show the points where the number of victims and the degree of damage could have been reduced. In addition, it attempts to describe how damage management proceeded immediately after the incident and actually exacerbated the damage. Finally, it explores the unfortunate aspects of the recent trial. By doing so, it attempts to take this as an opportunity to consider whether a tragic event such as the humidifier disinfectant incident could occur in the future. Methods: This study collected and analyzed data on chemical material characteristics related to humidifier disinfectants, data on health effect characteristics, data on related laws and regulations from the Ministry of Environment, data related to the damage investigation by the Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute, and current contents. Results: The lack of related systems and laws is the area where the greatest responsibility for the cause of the humidifier disinfectant disaster falls, so it is difficult for the government to escape this responsibility. Establishing a dedicated department to identify the prevalence of certain diseases within the functions of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service to monitor health can greatly contribute to the prevention and management of diseases through early detection and management of group outbreaks caused by harmful factors. Humidifier disinfectant damage relief should have been expanded earlier beyond HDLI (humidifier disinfectant lung injury) to include non-specific diseases such as asthma, pneumonia, and interstitial pneumonia. The scope of relief benefits should have also been expanded earlier to include the payment of disability benefits. Fortunately, with the 2020 revision of the Special Act, the conditions for estimating causal relations were eased and individual screening systems such as health impact assessment were reorganized along with the introduction of a rapid screening system. Conclusions: The management system for chemical substances in a country is clearly of paramount importance, and the ministry in charge must have a response system in case of damage to health effects. Administration that looks at the victims situation from their point of view is needed, and technical countermeasures are required to quickly recognize the prevalence of certain diseases.

Bisphenol A가 임신 랫드에 미치는 영향

이나래(Lee NaRae),유재홍(Ryu JaeHong),양율희(Yang YulHee),김판기(Kim PanGyi) 한국보건복지학회 1998 보건과 복지 Vol.1 No.-

Bisphenol A is used in the manufacture of epoxy resin, polycarbonate, and corrosion-resistant unsaturated polyester-styrene resins required for food packaging materials in industrial processing. Some reports indicated the possibility of harmful effects on rats. In this study was carried out to examine the effects of second generations which was exposed maternally. And the detennination of Bisphenol A in blood according to the OSHA High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC) guideline. The method involved blood extraction using methylene chloride. And it was evaluated developmental and teratogenic effects in pregnant rats and second generations.<br/> The results obtained were as follows;<br/> There was a significant increase in the body weights and treated groups Fl female in liver, spleen, kidney but according to dose-response. FI female rat's relative body weight and absolute body weight are not different.<br/> There was a significant increase liver, spleen, kidney organ weight and reproductive organ weight epididymis, prostate gland in FI male rats.<br/> Estrus was cycled earlyer than that of control group.<br/> Identification and quantitation of Bisphenol A in the blood was detected in 2O,OOO㎍/kg group about 1㎍/ml, 2OO㎍/kg group about O.9㎍/ml.<br/> From those results, it could be concluded that the effect of pregnant rat and second gene<br/> ration(Fl) by Bisphenol A treatment during lactational period were estrogenic and Blsphenol<br/> A was remained in serum at low level.

세계 각국의 의료폐기물 관리 제도 비교: 한국 의료폐기물 관리체계에 대한 시사점

오세은(Se-Eun Oh),지경희(Kyung-hee Ji),박석환(Seokhwan Park),김판기(Pangyi Kim),이경무(Kyoung-Mu Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.6

Objectives: Because the amount of medical waste (i.e., health-care waste) generated in Korea is rapidly increasing and social concern against its safety is widespread, a number of issues related with medical wastes are being discussed. The purpose of this study is to compare diverse medical waste management systems worldwide and propose future directions of a medical waste management system in Korea. Methods: Literature review was conducted mainly on the WHO, and developed countries such as the European Union (Germany, Belgium and UK), Japan and the United States. For these countries, the data with respect to their systems for medical waste management ranging from the definition of medical waste to the whole processes of collection, transportation and disposal were summarized and compared. Results: The terminology and classification of medical wastes were not consistent for WHO recommendation, EU, Japan, US and Korea. Comparison of the collection, storage, transportation and disposal of medical waste showed that Korea had rather stronger regulations for medical waste management compared to developed countries including Belgium (Flanders region), Germany, Japan and the US. Considering that developed countries adopt rather flexible disposal system especially for general medical wastes which pose lower possibility of infection, Korean government could consider diversifying disposal methods other than incineration. It may also be very important to try to reduce the amount of medical wastes and enough capacity for off-site incineration are secured. Conclusion: Our study of international comparisons suggests that it is necessary to continue to identify advantages and disadvantages of the current medical waste management systems and establish more effective one in Korea.

일반 가구의 가습기살균제 노출 특성 및 건강이상 경험과의 연관성

이은선(Eunsun Lee),정해관(Hae-Kwan Cheong),백도명(Domyung Paek),김솔휘(Solhwee Kim),임종한(Jonghan Leem),김판기(Pangyi Kim),이경무(Kyoung-Mu Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2020 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.46 No.3

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of exposure to humidifier disinfectants (HDs) and their association with the presence of a person who experienced the adverse health effects in general households in Korea. Methods: During the month of December 2016, a nationwide online survey was conducted on adults over 20 years of age who had experience of using HDs. It provided information on exposure characteristics and the experience of health effects. The final survey respondents consisted of 1,555 people who provided information on themselves and their household members during the use of HD. Exposure characteristics at the household level included average days of HD use per week, average hours of HD use per day, the duration within which one bottle of HD was emptied, average input frequency of HD, amount of HD (cc) per one time used, and active ingredients of HD products (PHMG, CMIT/MIT, PGH, or others). The risk of the presence of a person who experienced adverse health effects in the household was evaluated by estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for monthly income and region using a multiple logistic regression model. Subgroup analyses were conducted for households with a child (≤7 years) and households with a newborn infant during HD use. Results: The level of exposure to HD tended to be higher for households with a child or newborn infant for several variables including average days of HD use per week (P<0.0001) and average hours of HD use per day (P<0.0001). The proportion of households in which there was at least one person who experienced adverse health effects such as rhinitis, asthma, pneumonia, atopy/skin disease, etc. was 20.6% for all households, 25.3% for households with children, and 29.9% for households with newborn infants. The presence of a person who experienced adverse health effects in the household was significantly associated with average hours of HD use per day (Ptrend<0.001), duration within which one bottle of HD was emptied (Ptrend<0.001), average input frequency of HD (Ptrend<0.001), amount of HD per one use (Ptrend=0.01), and use of HDs containing PHMG (OR=2.23, 95% CI=1.45-3.43). Similar results were observed in subgroup analyses. Conclusion: Our results suggest that level of exposure to HD tended to be higher for households with a child or newborn infant and that exposure to HD is significantly associated with the presence of a person who experienced adverse health effects in the household.

국내 종합병원의 의료폐기물 처리 현황 및 의료폐기물 담당자의 자가처리에 대한 의견조사

오세은 ( Se-eun Oh ),박석환 ( Seokhwan Park ),안호기 ( Hoki Ahn ),지경희 ( Kyunghee Ji ),김판기 ( Pangyi Kim ),홍영습 ( Young-seoub Hong ),이은일 ( Eunil Lee ),이경무 ( Kyoung-mu Lee ) 대한보건협회 2016 대한보건연구 Vol.42 No.3

연구목적 : 종합병원을 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하여 의료폐기물 처리에 대한 문제점과 관리에 대한 개선방향을 찾고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 국내 326개 종합병원 중 응답한 기관 126개를 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사는 27문항으로 병원 및 의료폐기물 관리자 특성, 의료폐기물 발생현황, 의료폐기물 비용현황, 배출 및 수집특성, 자가처리 시행 경험 및 의견으로 구성하였다. 연구결과 : 가장 많이 발생하는 의료폐기물 종류는 일반의료폐기물로 매월 5톤 미만이 발생한다고 의료폐기물 관리자 60%가 응답하였다. 일반 쓰레기통에 의료폐기물이 버려지는 경우가 있다고 응답한 경우는 23% 반면에 의료폐기물 전용용기에 일반쓰레기가 버려진다고 응답한 경우는 55%으로 조사되었다. 또한 처리비용은 지역과 위탁처리업체에 따라 차이가 있었으며 대부분의 종합병원(93%)이 의료폐기물은 소각 하는 것이 가장 안전하다라고 응답하였다. 결론 : 의료폐기물 발생량 감소를 위해 일반쓰레기와 의료폐기물의 엄격한 분리수거가 필요할 것이다. 또한 처리비용에 대한 표준안 제시 등 정책적인 방안과 새로운 기술에 대한 평가 및 다양한 처리방안에 대한 연구가 선행되어야 한다. Objective: Collecting actual data on the current status of medical waste management in general hospital is essential for establishing effective policies for medical waste management nationwide in Korea. Methods: Total 126 out of 326 general hospitals in Korea participated in the on-line survey. The survey questionnaire comprised of 27 questions on the current status of medical waste management (segregation between medical waste and municipal solid waste, and cost of medical waste disposal) and opinion about on-site treatment. Results: Over 60% of general hospitals generated at least 5 tons per month and most common type of medical wastes were general medical waste. Even though separate containers are used for collecting medical waste and other municipal solid waste, the latter tend to be thrown into the container of medical waste (55%) and vice versa (23%). Disposal cost of medical wastes varies very much significantly by region in Korea or by the entrusted company for medical waste disposal. Almost all managers for medical waste in general hospital (93%) thought that incineration is the safest option for medical waste disposal. Conclusion: The results of our study suggested that the amount of medical waste could be reduced by accomplishing strict segregation between medical waste and municipal solid waste. Certain guideline is necessary for disposal cost of medical waste by the government. In addition, a number of technologies developed for on-site treatment should be evaluated in terms of risk for potential infection in advance to expand on-site treatment.

정오 “가습기 살균제 노출 및 건강피해 규모 평가 연구”

이경무(Kyoung-Mu Lee),백도명(Domyung Paek),정해관(Hae-Kwan Cheong),김솔휘(Solwhee Kim),서정욱(Jung-Wook Seo),홍영습(Young-seob Hong),김형수(Hyeongsu Kim),이종화(Jongwha Lee),임종한(Jonghan Leem),김판기(Pangyi Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2019 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.45 No.5

교내 실내환경위생 기초조사

김판기,강희주,김정현 용인대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 自然科學硏究所論文誌 Vol.8 No.2

This study was carried out to determine the adequacy of indoor environments in lecture room, laboratory room, restroom, building veranda, corridor, reading room of library, a mew building robby. In this study, carbon monoxide concentration, oxygen content, illumination intensity and noise were included. For this study, lecture room in Natural Science Building reading room of library, the cafeteria at Natural Science Building, an laboratory room of Natural Science Building Nartial Art and robby of new Building were surveyed and measured two times from each places during November, 2003. The following results were obtained ; The carbon monoxide concentrations were increased to the 10ppm at restroom and campus cafeteria, due to the tobacco smoking. The oxygen contents was 20.1 - 21.9%, The illuminations were varied to the places, the passage was low to the 72.2 - 145Lux. More illuminations were needed at passages and laboratory room. The noise were varied at the sites, the high noise was recorded at the passage 86.9dB. The noise of passages were a hazard factor to establish academic pursuit. The hygienic indoor environment of the campus were varied, but it is important for academic pursuit to do regular management in illuminations and control policy of noise at campus.

교내 정수기 음용수 미생물학적 오염도 조사

김판기,김정현,강희주,최성부 용인대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 自然科學硏究所論文誌 Vol.8 No.2

This study was carried out to determine the adequacy of drinking water in school purifier for portability. In this study, total coliforms and total bacteria were included. For this study, 4 samples were used and collected two from each places during from Keptember 22 to 26 in 2003. The following results were obtained; In school purifier A, B and C, the total coliform group was detected below 3 MPN/100ml (T.C) and total bacteria was below the drinking water standard. In this study, microbiological examination were showed that drinking water was portable. However, school purifiers are required of continuative management to maintain this result.

교내 구내식당 음용수의 미생물 검사

김태선,양을희,김판기 용인대학교 자연과학연구소 1998 自然科學硏究所論文誌 Vol.3 No.1

This study was carried out to determine the adequacy of drinking water in school cafeteria for potable water. In this study, total coliforms and total bacteria were included. For this study, three samples was used and collected two times from each places during from september 22 to 27. The following results were obtained : In school cafeteria A and C, the total coliform group was detected below 3MPN/100ml and total bacteria was below the drinking water standard. In this study, microbiological examination were showed that drinking water was adequacy. In contrast with the school cafeteria A and C, the total coliform group was 3.6 MPN/100ml(T.C.) and total bacteria was 165cfu/ml in the school cafeteria B. The range of 95% confidence limits,the total coliform group was from minimum 0.5/100ml to maximum 20/100ml. School cafeteria B was exceed in Korea water quility acceptable limit, and was required of careful management.