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김병옥,KIM Byung-Ok 한국정보통신학회 2005 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.9 No.4
1992년 새로 도입된 GMDSS(Global Maritime Distress and Safety System: 세계 해상 조난 및 안전 제도)는 기존의 조난통신 제도를 새로운 정보통신기술을 사용하여 획기적으로 개선하였으며 쉽고 자동화된 조난신호발신 체제 및 효율적이고 범세계적인 수색구조 통신망을 구축하였음에도 불구하고 여러 가지 문제점을 나타내고 있다. 협약선과 비협약선의 조난통신 이원화 문제, 다량의 허위 조난신호 발생에 따른 수색구조의 어려움, 운용능력의 저하로 인한 조난통신 대응체제의 부재 둥은 GMDSS 제도의 도입에 따른 조난통신의 대표적인 문제점들이다 본 논문에서는 우리나라의 관점에서 본 GMDSS 조난통신 제도의 문제점 들을 분석하고 이에 대한 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. The distress communication system in the maritime mobile service had almost depended on the wireless telephony or telegraphy technique. The GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System) which was introduced in 1992 brought a lot of changes in the maritime distress communication service such as the automatic transmission of distress signals and implementation of global search and rescue networks. However, there are some deficiencies in the GMDSS distress communication system such as a lack of compatibility in the maritime distress communication between CMDSS ships and Non-GMDSS ships, increasing deceptive or false distress alerts generated by GMDSS installations, lack of understanding about the CMDSS installations for the operators. In this paper, the problems of distress communication system in the maritime mobile service are analyzed and the methods to solve or minimize these problems are suggested.
치주질환 심도에 따른 치은조직내의 Superoxide Dismutase와 Catalase의 활성변화에 관한 연구
김병옥,권영혁,이만섭,Kim, Byung-Ok,Kwon, Young-Hyuk,Lee, Man-Sup 대한치주과학회 1994 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.24 No.1
It has been believed that antioxidant enzymes such as CuZn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase and catalase protect the tissue from damage resulting from the oxygen derived free radicals($O_2\;^-$, $H_2O_2$ and OH ). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between activity of antioxidant enzymes including CuZn- and Mn- superoxide dismutase and catalase and inflammatory periodontal disease and periodontal parameters. For this study, the patients were classified into normal, gingivitis, adult periodontitis and rapidly progressive periodontitis, and then their papillary bleeding index(PBI) and probing depth were checked. Gingival tissues were surgically obtained from the patients during periodontal surgery, extraction, and clinical crown lengthening procedure. The activity of CuZn- and Mn- superoxide dismutase and catalase in the gingival tissues was measured by using UV-spectrophotometer by the same methods as Crapo et al. And Aebi did, respectively. The results were as follows : 1. CuZn- and Mn- and total-superoxide dismutase activity were significantly low in rapidly progressive periodontitis group in comparison to normal group (P<0.05). 2. In comparison of the antioxidant enzyme activity according to papillary bleeding index group(PBI), Mn-superoxide dismutase activity only was significantly lower in PBI 2, 3, and 4 groups than PBI 0 group(P<0.05). 3. Superoxide dismutase activity failed to show any significant difference according to probing depth. But significant]y high catalase activity was shown in deep pocket group (${\ge}7mm$)(P<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that the activity of Mn-superoxide dismutase among the antioxidant enzymes may reflect the inflammatory status of gingival tissue and that the decreased activity of superoxide dismutase may be one of responsibe factors for progression of rapidly progressive periodontitis.
당뇨환자의 치은조직내 Superoxide Dismutase와 Catalase의 활성도에 관한 실험적 연구
김병옥,이강진,박주철,Kim, Byung-Ok,Lee, Kang-Jin,Park, Joo-Cheol 대한치주과학회 1994 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.24 No.3
Oxygen derived radicals($O_2\;^-$, $H_2O_2$, and $OH^-$) are thought to play a role in a lot of human diseases. And it has been believed that antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase could protect the tissues from damage resulting from the oxygen derived free radicals. The purpose of this study was performed to investigate the activity of the SOD(CuZn- and Mn-SOD) and catalase in inflammatory gingival tissues and the correlation between boold glucose level and antioxidants and age in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NI- DDM) patients. For this study, the patients were classified into normal, inflammatory, and diabetic, and ten their papillary bleeding index(PBI) and gingival index were checked. Subjects consisted of 11 healthy patients with no inflammatroy gingiva, 20 adult periodontitis patients, and 8 diabetic patients, aged 33 to 66(average: 44.62). The blood glucose level of diabetic group was ranged from 120ml/dl to 160ml/dl(physical status 0 : averge : 135.67ml/dl). Gingival tissues were surgically obtained from the patients during periodontal surgery, extraction, and clinical corwn lenghening procedure. The activity of CuZn and Mn- SOD and catalase in the gingival tissues was measured by using UV-spectrophotometer by the same methods that Crapo et al. And Aebi did, respectively. The results were as follows : 1. The Mn-SOD activity was significantly lower in inflammatory group in comparison to normal group(P<0.05), and the activities of antioxidants in diabetic group were not significant in comparison to normal inflammatory group(P>0.05). 2. The activities of antioxidants showed little variation among individuals of different ages (P>0.05). 3. The higher blood glucose level was, the higher gingival index was(P<0.05). 4. There was no correlation between blood glucoe level and activity of antioxidant in inflammatory gingival tissues of NIDDM patients(P>0.05). In conclusion, these results, within the limits of the present experiment, suggest that the activity of Mn-SOD might reflect the inflammatory status of gingival tissue, and the activity of antioxidants was independent of blood glucose level of diabetic patients in physical status 0.
발작성 상심실성 빈맥 환자에 대한 항부정맥 약물작용 기전과 약물반응 예측에 관한 연구
김병옥(Byung Ok Kim),김성순(Sung Soo Kim),황성오(Sung Oh Whang),장양수(Yang Soo Jang),심원흠(Won Heum Shim),조승연(Seung Yun Cho),김현승(Hyun Seung Kim),박승정(Seung Jung Park) 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.39 No.6
N/A In this study, the effects of antiarrhythmic drugs on the reentrant pathway in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) were evaluated by observing the changes of conduction block cycle length. And this study was aimed to determine whether the drug responses could be predicted by characterizing the reentry path- way. Seventy-three patients with clinically documented PSVT without preexcitation were carried on electro-physiologic studies between November, 1986 and April 1990 in Severance Hospital, Yonsei University were reviewed. The study group included 35 males and 38 females with ages ranging from 16 to 67 years (mean±SD:40±15). The mean duration of symptom was 10.9±9.5 years. They had experienced paroxysmal tachycardia once per week to once in 6 months (mean frequency: 5 per year). All patients had structurally normal heart except the 2 Ebstein`s anomaly. The induction of tachycardia and the determination of mechanism of PSVT were performed by baseline electrophysiologic study in drug free status, The effects of drugs were assessed by the intravenous administration of procainamide 20 mg/kg, flecainide 2 mg/kg, verapamil 0.15 mg/kg, digoxin 0.75 mg, and digoxin 0,75 mg plus propranolol 0.15 mg/kg. The response to drug was defined as the not-induced SVT or the induction of nonsustained SVT after drug administration. 1) Fourty-nine patients had atrioventricular (AV) reentrant tachycardia using concealed bypass tract(CBT) and twenty-four patients had atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. In AV reetry using CBT, procainamide prevented induction of sustained tachycardia in 38 of 45 patients (84%), flecainide in 23 of 30 patients(77%), verapamil in 34 of 39 patients(87%), digoxin in 4 of 17 patients (23%), and digoxin plus propranolol in 7 of 14 patients(50%), In AV nodal reentry, procainamide prevented induction of sustained tachycardia in 19 of 22 patients (86%), flecainide in 9 of 10(90%), verapamil in 20 of 22 patients(91%), digoxin in 10 of 17 patients(59%), and digoxin plus propranolol in 9 of 13 patients(69%). 2) In AV reentry using CBT, procainamide and flecainide induced significant prolongation of the ventriculoatrial block cycle length (VABCL) in responder group. Also the atriventricular block cycle length (AVBCL) was prolonged significantly, but not increased above the tachycardia cycle length. Verapamil, digoxin and digoxin plus propranolol showed significant prolongation of AVBCL, but not of VABCL. 3) In AV nodal reentry, procainamide and flecainide induced significant prolongation of VABCL in responder group, and AVBCL was also prolonged but not increased above the tachycardia cycle length. Verapamil, digoxin and digoxin plus propranolol induced significant prolongation of both AVBCL and VABCL in responder group. 4) In patients with AV reentry, there was no significant difference of baseline VA block cycle length between responders and non-responders for procainamide and flecainide. But the patients having the 260 millisecond or more of block cycle length were all responded to procainamide except 1 case and all to flecainide. 5) The procainamide and flecainide had a strong concordant relationship in drug response for AV reentry(p<0. 001). With the avove results, it is noted that the procainamide and flecainide prevent induction of reentrant supraventricular tachycardia by selectively depressing the conduction over retrograde pathway of reentry circuits in responders with AV reentry using CBT and AV nodal reentry. Also it is noted that the verapamil, digoxin and digoxin plus propranolol prevented induction of SVT by depressing the conduction over antegrade pathway in responders with AV reentry using CBT, and over antegrade (AV nodal slow) and retrograde (AV nodal fast) pathways in responders with A V nodal reentry. And it can be suggested that the baseline block cycle length of accessory pathway has a limited value in predicting the drug responses in AV reentry using CBT. Also it is noted that in AV r