Broad-specificity amino acid racemase, a novel non-antibiotic selectable marker for transgenic plants

Yi‑Chia Kuan,Venkatesan Thiruvengadam,Jia‑Shin Lin,Jia‑Hsin Liu,Tsan‑Jan Chen,Hsin‑Mao Wu,Wen‑Ching Wang,Liang‑Jwu Chen 한국식물생명공학회 2018 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.12 No.1

The broad-specificity amino acid racemase (Bsar) from Pseudomonas putida catalyzes the racemization of various amino acids, offering a flexible and feasible platform to develop a new non-antibiotic selectable marker system for plant transformation. In the present study, we demonstrated that a Bsar variant, Bsar-R174K, that is useful as a selectable marker gene in Arabidopsis and rice that were susceptible to l-lysine and D-alanine. The introduction of wild-type Bsar, Bsar-R174K or Bsar-R174A into E. coli lysine or asparagine auxotrophs was able to rescue the growth of these microorganisms in minimal media supplemented with selectable amino acid enantiomers. The transformation of Arabidopsis with Bsar or Bsar variants based on d-alanine selection revealed that Bsar-R174K had the greatest efficiency (2.40%), superior to kanamycin selectionbased transformation (1.10%). Whereas, l-lysine-based selection exhibited lower efficiency for Bsar-R174K (0.17%). The progenies of selected Bsar-R174K transgenic Arabidopsis revealed normal growth properties. In addition, Bsar-R174K transgenic rice was obtained on l-lysine medium with an efficiency of 0.9%, and the progenies of the transgenic rice revealed morphologically normal phenotypes comparable with their wild-type counterparts. This study presents the first report of broad range amino acid racemase Bsar-R174K as a non-antibiotic selectable marker system applied in transgenic plants.

고무공장 배출수의 독성동정평가

( Xian Liang Yi ),( Eun Hee Kim ),( Jin Ho Jung ) 한국물환경학회 2008 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2008 No.-

Antitumor Activity of the Protein and Small Molecule Component Fractions from Agrocybe aegerita Through Enhancement of Cytokine Production

Yi Liang,Hong-Hong Liu,Yi-Jie Chen,Hui Sun 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.4

A water soluble extract from the medicinal mushroom Agrocybe aegerita has been shown to stimulate splenocyte proliferation, cytotoxic activity, and tumor rejection effect in tumor-bearing mouse models. In the present study, the crude extract was separated into a protein component fraction (Yp), mainly containing lectins and serine proteinase, and a small molecule component fraction (Ys), mainly containing triethylene glycol, a-bisabolol, n-hexadecanoic acid, and so on. The antitumor activity of the fractions was investigated in a tumor-bearing BALB/c mouse model. Repeat administration of Yp and Ys significantly inhibited tumor growth (P < .001), but little toxicity was observed. Moreover, the protein fraction Yp performed better than Ys in both antitumor and lifespan-prolonging activity. The cytokine expression levels in serum and splenocytes from extract-treated mice were selectively screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction, and the results showed that Yp upregulated the mRNA level of Th2 cytokine interleukin-10 (P < .01), and Ys increased the mRNA level of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (P < .01) and antiinflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor-b (P < .01). All these data suggest that Yp and Ys can inhibit tumor growth via different mechanisms, which promotes the understanding of antitumor properties of medicinal fungi.

Different Catabolism Pathways Triggered by Various Methylxanthines in Caffeine-Tolerant Bacterium Pseudomonas putida CT25 Isolated from Tea Garden Soil

( Yi-xiao Ma ),( Xiao-han Wu ),( Hui-shi Wu ),( Zhan-bo Dong ),( Jian-hui Ye ),( Xin-qiang Zheng ),( Yue-rong Liang ),( Jian-liang Lu ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.7

The degradation efficiency and catabolism pathways of the different methylxanthines (MXs) in isolated caffeine-tolerant strain Pseudomonas putida CT25 were comprehensively studied. The results showed that the degradation efficiency of various MXs varied with the number and position of the methyl groups on the molecule (i.e., xanthine > 7-methylxanthine ≈ theobromine > caffeine > theophylline > 1-methylxanthine). Multiple MX catabolism pathways coexisted in strain CT25, and a different pathway would be triggered by various MXs. Demethylation dominated in the degradation of N-7-methylated MXs (such as 7- methylxanthine, theobromine, and caffeine), where C-8 oxidation was the major pathway in the catabolism of 1-methylxanthine, whereas demethylation and C-8 oxidation are likely both involved in the degradation of theophylline. Enzymes responsible for MX degradation were located inside the cell. Both cell culture and cell-free enzyme assays revealed that N-1 demethylation might be a rate-limiting step for the catabolism of the MXs. Surprisingly, accumulation of uric acid was observed in a cell-free reaction system, which might be attributed to the lack of activity of uricase, a cytochrome c-coupled membrane integral enzyme.

A novel computer vision-based vibration measurement and coarse-to-fine damage assessment method for truss bridges

Yi-Qing Ni,Wen-Qiang Liu,En-Ze Rui,Lei Yuan,Si-Yi Chen,You-Liang Zheng 국제구조공학회 2023 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.31 No.4

To assess structural condition in a non-destructive manner, computer vision-based structural health monitoring (SHM) has become a focus. Compared to traditional contact-type sensors, the advantages of computer vision-based measurement systems include lower installation costs and broader measurement areas. In this study, we propose a novel computer vision-based vibration measurement and coarse-to-fine damage assessment method for truss bridges. First, a deep learning model FairMOT is introduced to track the regions of interest (ROIs) that include joints to enhance the automation performance compared with traditional target tracking algorithms. To calculate the displacement of the tracked ROIs accurately, a normalized cross-correlation method is adopted to fine-tune the offset, while the Harris corner matching is utilized to correct the vibration displacement errors caused by the non-parallel between the truss plane and the image plane. Then, based on the advantages of the stochastic damage locating vector (SDLV) and Bayesian inference-based stochastic model updating (BISMU), they are combined to achieve the coarse-to-fine localization of the truss bridge's damaged elements. Finally, the severity quantification of the damaged components is performed by the BI-SMU. The experiment results show that the proposed method can accurately recognize the vibration displacement and evaluate the structural damage.

GreenIoT Architecture for Internet of Things Applications

( Yi-wei Ma ),( Jiann-liang Chen ),( Yung-sheng Lee ),( Hsin-yi Chang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.2

A power-saving mechanism for smartphone devices is developed by analyzing the features of data that are received from Internet of Things (IoT) sensors devices to optimize the data processing policies. In the proposed GreenIoT architecture for power-saving in IoT, the power saving and feedback mechanism are implemented in the IoT middleware. When the GreenIoT application in the power-saving IoT architecture is launched, IoT devices collect the sensor data and send them to the middleware. After the scanning module in the IoT middleware has received the data, the data are analyzed by a feature evaluation module and a threshold analysis module. Based on the analytical results, the policy decision module processes the data in the device or in the cloud computing environment. The feedback mechanism then records the power consumed and, based on the history of these records, dynamically adjusts the threshold value to increase accuracy. Two smart living applications, a biomedical application and a smart building application, are proposed. Comparisons of data processed in the cloud computing environment show that the power-saving mechanism with IoT architecture reduces the power consumed by these applications by 24% and 9.2%.

Inhibition of glutathione metabolism attenuates esophageal cancer progression

Liang Peng,Ruixia Linghu,Demeng Chen,Jing Yang,Xiaoxue Kou,Xiang-Zhen Wang,Yi Hu,Yi-Zhou Jiang,Junlan Yang 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly malignancy with regard to mortality and prognosis, and the 5-year survival rate for all patients diagnosed with ESCC remains poor. A better understanding of the biological mechanisms of ESCC tumorigenesis and progression is of great importance to improve treatment of this disease. In this study, we demonstrated that the glutathione metabolism pathway is highly enriched in ESCC cells compared with normal esophageal epithelial cells in an in vivo mouse model. In addition, treatment with L-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO) to deplete glutathione decreased the ESCC tumor burden in mice, thus demonstrating the critical role of glutathione metabolism in ESCC progression. BSO treatment also led to decreased cell proliferation and activation of cell apoptosis in ESCC. Finally, BSO treatment blocked NF-kB pathway activation in ESCC. Our study reveals a new pathway that regulates ESCC progression and suggests that inhibition of glutathione metabolism may be a potential strategy for ESCC treatment

Mechanical Stretch Promotes Invasion of Lung Cancer Cells via Activation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Liang-Kun Chen,Ching-Chi Hsieh,Yi-Chao Huang,Yuan-Jung Huang,Chun-Fan Lung,Wei-En Hsu,Chao-Ling Yao,Tsung-Yu Tseng,Chi-Chung Wang,Yi-Chiung Hsu 한국생물공학회 2023 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.28 No.3

Most of the gas exchange in the human body is carried out by the lungs, and the physiological activities of the lungs are uninterrupted. Due to the deterioration of the external environment, pulmonary cell lesions are common clinical lung diseases. Mechanical cyclic stretching is one kind of bionic technology to observe lung cancer cells. The A549 cell line is the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line derived from a primary lung tumor. This study investigated the effects of mechanical cyclic stretching on A549 cell activity and gene expression profile. Whereas mechanical cyclic stretching had no significant difference in colony formation and cell migration of A549 cells, the cell invasion increased significantly in A549 cells after stretching. In addition, the microarray data showed that mechanical cyclic stretching altered gene expression, induced inflammation of cells, and activation of Wnt/β- catenin and tumor necrosis factor pathways. More importantly, mechanical cyclic stretching activated the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) protein. Therefore, the increase of cell invasion induced by mechanical cyclic stretching might be associated with the activation of TNF-α in human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Register Allocation for QEMU Dynamic Binary Translation Systems

Yi Liang,Yuanhua Shao,Guowu Yang,Jinzhao Wu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.2

Binary translation is an important step to solve the code migration, QEMU is more advanced and efficient binary translation system. It uses lighter TCG technology to achieve dynamic binary translation but analysis of the TCG internal process, we found that the excessive use of temporary variables meaningless in the TCG intermediate code, the backend generates host code does not take into account the efficient use of registers. Through these two aspects of improvement, especially increased a linear scan register allocation algorithm in the back-end, can be in an acceptable translation time, generates efficient host code. The experimental results show that the optimized program run time significantly reduced and the amount of generated host code reduced by an average of 8%.

Lectin from Agrocybe aegerita as a Glycophenotype Probe for Evaluation of Progression and Survival in Colorectal Cancer

Liang, Yi,Chen, Hua,Zhang, Han-Bin,Jin, Yan-Xia,Guo, Hong-Qiang,Chen, Xing-Gui,Sun, Hui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: Agrocybe aegerita Lectin (AAL) has been identified to have high affinity for sulfated and ${\alpha}2$-3-linked sialic acid glycoconjugates, especially the sulfated and sialyl TF (Thomsen-Friedenreich) disaccharide. This study was conducted to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic value of AAL in identifying aberrant glycosylation in colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: Glycoconjugate expression in 59 CRC tissues were detected using AAL-histochemistry. Clinicopathological associates of expression were analyzed with chisquare test or Fisher's exact test. Relationships between expression and the various clinicopathological parameters was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression models. Results: AAL specific glycoconjugate expression was significantly higher in tumor than corresponding normal tissues (66.1% and 46.1%, respectively, p=0.037), correlating with depth of invasion (p=0.015) and TNM stage (p=0.024). Patients with lower expression levels had a significantly higher survival rate than those with higher expression (p=0.046 by log rank test and p=0.047 by Breslow test for overall survival; p=0.054 by log rank test and P=0.038 by Breslow test for progress free survival). A marginally significant association was found between AAL specific glycoconjugate expression and overall survival by univariate Cox regression analysis (p=0.059). Conclusions: Lower AAL specific glycoconjugate expression is a significant favorable prognostic factor for overall and progress free survival in CRC. This is the first report about the employment of AAL for histochemical analysis of cancer tissues. The binding characteristics of AAL means it has potential to become a powerful tool for the glycan investigation and clinical application.