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Novel and Compact Thermomagnetic Actuator Using Temperature-Sensitive Magnetic Materials
Tadashi Hama,Kaiji Sato 한국정밀공학회 2017 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.18 No.12
This paper describes the structure and characteristics of a novel compact actuator that uses a combination of temperature-sensitive magnetic materials (TSMMs) and permanent magnets (PMs). The actuator has the potential to generate a large force per volume, while the absence of a coil structure makes it easy to downsize. The structure and driving principles of the actuator were determined to exploit the advantages of this combination, and thrust force characteristics were examined through numerical analysis. The thrust force generated was measured based on the temperature of the TSMMs. The temperature characteristics were investigated experimentally and theoretically. In addition to thrust force, the energy consumption was experimentally examined with respect to the TSMM temperature. The results indicate that the proposed actuator performed better than a conventional electromagnetic actuator in generating a large continuous thrust force.
Sato, Shusuke,Kudo, Fumitaka,Kim, Seung-Young,Kuzuyama, Tomohisa,Eguchi, Tadashi American Chemical Society 2017 Biochemistry Vol.56 No.28
<P>A methylcobalamin (MeCbl)-dependent radical <I>S</I>-adenosyl-<SMALL>l</SMALL>-methionine (SAM) methyltransferase Fom3 was found to catalyze the C-methylation of cytidylyl-2-hydroxyethylphosphonate (HEP-CMP) to give cytidylyl-2-hydroxypropylphosphonate (HPP-CMP), although it was originally proposed to catalyze the C-methylation of 2-hydroxyethylphosphonate to give 2-hydroxypropylphosphonate in the biosynthesis of a unique C–P bond containing antibiotic fosfomycin in <I>Streptomyces</I>. Unexpectedly, the Fom3 reaction product from HEP-CMP was almost a 1:1 diastereomeric mixture of HPP-CMP, indicating that the C-methylation is not stereoselective. Presumably, only the CMP moiety of HEP-CMP is critical for substrate recognition; on the other hand, the enzyme does not fix the 2-hydroxy group of the substrate and either of the prochiral hydrogen atoms at the C2 position can be abstracted by the 5′-deoxyadenosyl radical generated from SAM to form the substrate radical intermediates, which react with MeCbl to afford the corresponding products. This strict substrate recognition mechanism with no stereoselectivity of a MeCbl-dependent radical SAM methyltransferase is remarkable in natural product biosynthetic chemistry, because such a hidden clue for selective substrate recognition is likely to be found in the other biosynthetic pathways.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/bichaw/2017/bichaw.2017.56.issue-28/acs.biochem.7b00472/production/images/medium/bi-2017-00472r_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/bi7b00472'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Shinya Sato,Kei Moriya,Masanori Furukawa,Soichiro Saikawa,Tadashi Namisaki,Mitsuteru Kitade,Hideto Kawaratani,Kosuke Kaji,Hiroaki Takaya,Naotaka Shimozato,Yasuhiko Sawada,Kenichiro Seki,Koh Kitagawa,T 대한간학회 2019 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.25 No.1
Background/Aims: L-carnitine not only alleviates hyperammonemia and reduces muscle cramps in patients with liver cirrhosis, but also improves anemia in patients with chronic hepatitis and renal dysfunction. This study prospectively evaluated the preventative efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation against hemolytic anemia during antiviral treatment using ribavirin in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related chronic liver disease. Methods: A total of 41 patients with chronic hepatitis were consecutively enrolled in this study. Group A (n=22) received sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for 3 months, whereas group B (n=19) was treated with sofosbuvir, ribavirin, and L-carnitine. Hemoglobin concentration changes, the effects of antiviral treatment, and the health status of patients were analyzed using short form-8 questionnaires. Results: A significantly smaller decrease in hemoglobin concentration was observed in group B compared to group A at every time point. Moreover, the prescribed dose intensity of ribavirin in group B was higher than that of group A, resulting in a higher ratio of sustained virological response (SVR) 24 in group B compared with group A. The physical function of patients in group B was also significantly improved compared to group A at the end of antiviral treatment. Conclusions: L-carnitine supplementation alleviates ribavirin-induced hemolytic anemia in patients with HCV and helps relieve the physical burden of treatment with ribavirin-containing regimens. These advantages significantly increase the likelihood of achieving SVR.
High-Speed Positioning of Ultrahigh-Acceleration and High-Velocity Linear Synchronous Motor
Kaiji Sato,Tadashi Hama 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
This paper describes the high-speed positioning of a moving permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (MPM LSM) utilizing itshigh thrust-to-mover mass ratio of 908 N/kg. The MPM LSM was designed to have a high static thrust-to-mover mass ratio for highaccelerationand high-velocity motion However, the MPM LSM has large inductances and large back electromotive force (EMF), bothof which slow down the current response and greatly reduce the available thrust force. Under the limited supply voltage condition,these features deteriorate the response of the MPM LSM, as represented by the acceleration and velocity characteristics. To reducethe effect of the features on the response, a simple and basic dynamic model of the MPM LSM is derived and used in the design ofa phase lead function for the high response. The effectiveness of the phase lead function, which improved the response, is examinedby straight motion and positioning experiments. The high-speed positioning performance is verified by using the control system withthe phase lead function. The experimental response to a step input of 300 mm shows acceleration higher than 500 m/s2, velocity higherthan 7.76 m/s and position error smaller than 2 mm.
The smile curve: Evolving sources of value added in manufacturing
( Ito Tadashi ),( Richard E Baldwin ),( Hitoshi Sato ) 한국국제경제학회 2015 한국국제경제학회 동계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.-
The geographical fragmentation of production processes is accompanied by the displacement of value added from high-technology-high-wage nations to low-technology-Iow-wage nations. However, developing nations are worried that they are getting the wrong sorts of jobs. This concern is often organised around an intellectual concept, the so-called ``smile curve``, which asserts that the share of value added in manufactured products is shifting from the fabrication stages to preand post-fabrication services. The general assertion held among developing nation policy makers is that this distribution is moving against fabrication stages, and thus they are getting the ``bad`` jobs, i.e. jobs associated with low value added per worker, while the ``good`` jobs stay in the North. The goal of this paper is to shed light on how important the smile-curve notion is at economy level, in order to obtain some answers to the above-mentioned economy-wide policy issues/concerns. Using JETRO-IDE``s Asian Input-Output table, we find evidence of the ``smile curve``. Namely, for almost all exporting sectors/nations the value-added input share has drastically shifted from manufacturing to service inputs. We also find that the share of service input coming from rich nations and China has risen substantially in the exports of the developing countries, a supportive evidence for the developing countries`` concern.
Kei Moriya,Tadashi Namisaki,Shinya Sato,Masanori Furukawa,Akitoshi Douhara,Hideto Kawaratani,Kosuke Kaji,Naotaka Shimozato,Yasuhiko Sawada,Soichiro Saikawa,Hiroaki Takaya,Koh Kitagawa,Takemi Akahane,A 대한간학회 2019 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.25 No.4
Background/Aims: We previously reported the comparable efficacy of bi-monthly hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (B-HAIC) to that of sorafenib chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC) in patients with compensated cirrhosis. In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of B-HAIC in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Methods: Forty-five patients with aHCC refractory to transcatheter arterial chemo-embolization (TACE) were treated with B-HAIC and were divided into two groups according to hepatic functional reserve (Child-Pugh grade). Overall survival period, treatment response, and adverse events in each group were analyzed. Results: Efficacy and disease control rates in the Child-Pugh B group (n=24; 21% and 71%, respectively) were not significantly impaired compared the Child-Pugh A group (n=21; 38% and 67%, respectively). Median survival time and survival rate at 12 months in the Child-Pugh B group were 422 days and 58.3%, respectively, whereas those in the Child- Pugh A group were 567 days and 70.8%, respectively. Importantly, the hepatic functional reserve of patients did not worsen in either group during the treatment period. Furthermore, the occurrence rate of adverse events leading to discontinuation of anti-tumor treatment was not significantly increased in the Child-Pugh B group. Conclusions: Given the preservation of hepatic functional reserve afforded by B-HAIC chemotherapy in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, B-HAIC might be an acceptable alternative strategy for aHCC patients who do not respond to TACE.