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Screening of botanicals against the adults of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L.
S. Rajashekara,R. Kiran,V. Bhavya,C. Chithrashree,V. Chaitra,Deepti Ravi Joshi,M. G. Venkatesha 한국잠사학회 2023 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.47 No.1
Sitophilus oryzae L. (Rice Weevil) is a stored pest of rice that causes extensive loss throughout the world. We tested the leaf powders of 12 plant species viz., Chrysanthemum sp., Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Citrus grandis, Citrus limon, Gliricidia sepium, Gymnema sylvestre, Hemigraphis colorata, Michelia champaca, Moringa oleifera, Murraya koenigii, Polyalthia longifolia, and Sauropus androgynus at dosages of 1.00, 1.50, 2.00 and 3.00g against the adult rice weevil and mortality was recorded at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 12 and 2l days after treatment (DAT) by direct contact toxicity for their adulticidal effect. We observed 100 percent adult mortality in C. zevlanicum and M. koenigii among the tested leaf powders. In addition, the first-time tested H. colorata and S. androgynus also caused high mortality compared to other plants. All the plant powders caused moderate to high adult mortality. Hence, these plants could be effective botanical insecticides against S. oryzae as they comprise a potential source of bioactive chemicals and are generally free from toxicants. Applications of these natural derivatives in S. oryzae control could reduce the cost of control methods and storage of rice contamination. Therefore, the present study indicates that some plant extracts can be used as an alternative to toxic synthetic chemicals in the management of rice weevils.
R. H. Joshi,M. S. Dodia,S. P. Singh 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.5
Twenty five haloalkaliphilic bacterial strains were isolated from sea water along the Coastal Gujarat (India) and screened for their ability to secret alkaline proteases. Among them, a potent strain S-20-9 (GenBank accession number EU118360), re-sembling to Halophilic Bacterium MBIC3303 on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, was selected for the optimization of enzyme production. S-20-9 produced protease optimally, under aerobic conditions during mid-stationary phase over a broad range of salt (5~25%, w/v) and pH (7~10). The optimum production was at pH 9 and 15% (w/v) NaCl. The production was suppressed by lactose, maltose, sucrose, and inorganic nitrogen sources, especially ammonium ions. Further, the pro-duction was significantly stimulated by KH₂PO₄ and suppressed by glucose. Similarly, the production was also suppressed at higher concentrations of gelatin, yeast extract, peptone, and casamino acids, indicating towards a threshold value for ni-trogen requirement. The growth and protease production were enhanced by mono-valent cation (KCl), while the divalent cations acted as inhibitors. The study holds significance as only few reports are available on the alkaline proteases from haloalkaliphilic bacteria, particularly those from moderate saline habitats.
Genetic Variation and Phylogenetic Relationships of Indian Buffaloes of Uttar Pradesh
Joshi, Jyoti,Salar, R.K.,Banerjee, Priyanka,Upasna, S.,Tantia, M.S.,Vijh, R.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.9
India possesses a total buffalo population of 105 million out of which 26.1% inhabit Uttar Pradesh. The buffalo of Uttar Pradesh are described as nondescript or local buffaloes. Currently, there is no report about the genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationship and matrilineal genetic structure of these buffaloes. To determine the origin and genetic diversity of UP buffaloes, we sequenced and analysed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences in 259 samples from entire Uttar Pradesh. One hundred nine haplotypes were identified in UP buffaloes that were defined by 96 polymorphic sites. We implemented neutrality tests to assess signatures of recent historical demographic events like Tajima's D test and Fu's Fs test. The phylogenetic studies revealed that there was no geographic differentiation and UP buffaloes had a single maternal lineage while buffaloes of Eastern UP were distinctive from rest of the UP buffaloes.
Kaur, P.,Shin, M.S.,Sharma, N.,Kaur, N.,Joshi, A.,Chae, S.R.,Park, J.S.,Kang, M.S.,Sekhon, S.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.40 No.3
Carbon based nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, graphene etc) containing various hetero atoms are promising metal free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells. We report the non-covalent functionalization of graphene with poly(diallyl dimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA), a polyelectrolyte containing nitrogen, using a very simple method. The addition of a non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100) during functionalization has been observed to improve the interactions between graphene and PDDA. An up-shift in the position of G-peak in the Raman spectra, down-shift in the binding energy (B.E.) of N1s peak and an up-shift in the B.E. of C1s peak in XPS spectra have been observed due to an inter-molecular charge-transfer from carbon in graphene to nitrogen in PDDA, which get enhanced in the presence of Triton X-100. Graphene functionalized with PDDA also show good thermal stability. The addition of a non-ionic surfactant enhances the non-covalent functionalization of graphene with PDDA, which is desirable from applications point of view.
Supersonically sprayed thermal barrier layers using clay micro-particles
Kim, D.Y.,Lee, J.G.,Joshi, B.,Lee, J.H.,Al-Deyab, S.S.,Yoon, H.G.,Yang, D.R.,Yarin, A.,Yoon, S.S. Elsevier 2016 Applied clay science Vol.120 No.-
<P>Several clay minerals were supersonically sprayed onto flexible substrates to form highly thermally and electrically insulating materials which could be wrapped onto protected surfaces. Among these clay minerals, montmorillonite (Mt) revealed the best thermal insulating properties. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
One-pot synthesis of Ag-iron oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite via hydrothermal treatment
Joshi, M.K.,Pant, H.R.,Kim, H.J.,Kim, J.H.,Kim, C.S. Elsevier 2014 Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engi Vol.446 No.-
A multifunctional silver-iron oxide/reduced graphene oxide (Ag-Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>/RGO) nanocomposite was prepared by facile, green and one-pot synthesis using hydrothermal treatment of aqueous solution containing graphene oxide (GO), iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate, silver nitrate, and ethanol. This aqueous solution was heated at 130<SUP>o</SUP>C for 3h where simultaneous reduction of GO and crystallization of metal and metal oxide NPs was simply carried out. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infra-red, Raman, and X-ray diffraction indicated the formation of Ag-Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>/RGO nanocomposite. The catalytic activity and antibacterial capacity of nanocomposite were studied by reduction of 4-nitrophenol and destruction of Escherichia coli, respectively. Results indicated that as-synthesized nanocomposite has high catalytic and antibacterial capacity with good reusability. Therefore, the obtained nanocomposite from this facile one-pot synthesis method exhibit great potential in environmental remediation.
R.K. Bhagobaty,S. R. Joshi 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.1
Fungal species that establish an endophytic role inside the tissues of medicinal plants are known to produce a wide range of biologically active metabolites and enzymes. In the present study, the most dominant and representative endophytic fungal species of five ethno-medicinal plants prevalent in the pristine sacred forests of Meghalaya, were screened for their ability to produce amylase, cellulase,protease, lipase, and xylanase. Each of endophytic fungal isolates showed a wide range of enzyme activity. Mycelial biomass generation and root colonization, in addition to the enzyme activity of the endophytic fungal isolates, provided insights into their probable origin and ecological roles within the plant host. Fungal species that establish an endophytic role inside the tissues of medicinal plants are known to produce a wide range of biologically active metabolites and enzymes. In the present study, the most dominant and representative endophytic fungal species of five ethno-medicinal plants prevalent in the pristine sacred forests of Meghalaya, were screened for their ability to produce amylase, cellulase,protease, lipase, and xylanase. Each of endophytic fungal isolates showed a wide range of enzyme activity. Mycelial biomass generation and root colonization, in addition to the enzyme activity of the endophytic fungal isolates, provided insights into their probable origin and ecological roles within the plant host.