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면구에 미치는 側柏葉, 栢子仁의 效能에 關한 實驗的 硏究
손낙원,채병윤 慶熙大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.23 No.-
In order to evaluate the effect of Biotae Cacumen and Biotae Semen on acne experimentally, we studied the effects of water extracts on anti-inflammation(dextran and yeast paw edema) and anti-histamine, and alcohol extracts on stratum corneum of rabbit ear induced by oleic acid histologically. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Sample Ⅰ (Biotae Cacumen) and sample Ⅱ(Biotae Semen) were showed the significant decrease effect on the dextran paw edema as compared with control. 2. Sample Ⅰ was showed the significant decrease effect on the yeast paw edema, but sample Ⅱ was not significant as compared with control. 3. Sample Ⅰ and sample Ⅱ were not significant on the time to death induced by histamine shock as compared with control. 4. Sample Ⅰ was showed the significant decrease effect on the increased vascular permeability induced by histamine, but sample Ⅱ was not significant as compared with control. 5. Sample Ⅰ and sample Ⅱ were showed the epidermal regenerative effect on the stratum corneum induced by oleic as compared with control.
구척(狗脊)이 흰쥐의 척수압박에 의한 신경세포 손상에 미치는 영향
박원상 ( Won Sang Park ),김은석 ( Eun Seok Kim ),신정원 ( Jung Won Shin ),김범회 ( Bum Hoi Kim ),김성준 ( Seong Joon Kim ),강희 ( Hee Kang ),손낙원 ( Nak Won Sohn ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.2
Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of root of Cibotii rhizoma(CR) ethanol extract on the tissue and neuronal damage of the spinal cord injury(SCI). Methods :SCI was induced by mechanical contusion following laminectomy of 10th thoracic vertebra in Sprague-Dawley rats. CR was orally given once a day for 7 days after SCI. Tissue damage and nerve fiber degeneration were examined with cresyl violet and luxol fast blue(LFB) histochemistry. HSP72(as neuronal damage marker), MAP2(as nerve fiber degeneration marker), c-Fos(immediate early gene), and Bax(pro-apoptotic molecule) expressions were examined using immuno-histochemistry. Individual immuno-positive cells expressing HSP72, MAP2, c-Fos and Bax were observed on the damaged level and the upper thoracic and lower lumbar spinal segments. Results :1. CR reduced degeneration of nerve fibers and motor neuron shrinkage in the ventral horn of the lower lumbar spinal segment, but generally it did not seem to ameliorate the tissue injury following SCI. 2. CR reduced demyelination in the ventral and lateral funiculus of the lower lumbar spinal segment. 3. CR reduced HSP72 expression on the neurons in the peri-central canal gray matter adjacent to the damaged region. 4. CR strengthened MAP2 expression on the motor neurons in the ventral horn and on nerve fibers in the lateral funiculus of the lower lumbar spinal segment. 5. CR reduced c-Fos positive cells in the peri-lesion and the dorsal horn of the damaged level and in the ventral horn of the lower lumbar spinal segment. 6. CR reduced Bax positive cells in the peri-lesion and the dorsal horn of the damaged level and in the ventral horn of the lower lumbar spinal segment. Conclusions :These results suggest that CR plays an inhibitory role against secondary neuronal damage and nerve fiber degeneration following SCI.
Ginsenoside Rg1 Attenuates Neuroinflammation Following Systemic Lipopolysaccharide Treatment in Mice
( Jung Won Shin ),( Sun Ho Ma ),( Ju Won Lee ),( Dong Kyu Kim ),( Kyu Ho Do ),( Nak Won Sohn ) 대한본초학회 2013 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.28 No.6
Objectives: Neuroinflammation is characterized by microglial activation and the expression of major inflammatory mediators. The present study investigated the inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rg1 (GRg1), a principle active ingredient in Panax ginseng, on pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglial activation induced by systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in the mouse brain tissue. Methods : Varying doses of GRg1 was orally administered (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) 1 h before the LPS injection (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain tissue was measured using the quantitative real-time PCR method at 4 h after the LPS injection, Microglial activation was evaluated using western blotting and immunohistochemistry against ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) in the brain tissue. Cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) expressions also observed using western blotting and immunohistochemistry at 4 h after the LPS injection, In addition, double-immunofluorescent labeling of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and COX-2 with microglia and neurons was processed in the brain tissue. Results : GRg1 (30 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the upregulation of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 mRNA in the brain tissue at 4 h after LPS injection. Morphological activation and Iba1 protein expression of microglia induced by systemic LPS injection were reduced by the GRg1 (30 mg/kg) treatment. Upregulation of COX-2 protein expression in the brain tissue was also attenuated by the GRg1 (30 mg/kg) treatment. Conclusion : The results suggest that GRg1 is effective in the early stage of neuroinflammation which causes neurodegenerative diseases.
천마(天麻)가 뇌조직출혈(腦組織出血) 흰쥐의 뇌부종(腦浮腫)과 Aquaporins 발현에 미치는 영향
손낙원 ( Nak Won Sohn ),이주용 ( Ju Yong Lee ),구자승 ( Ja Seung Ku ),이동은 ( Dong Eun Lee ),신정원 ( Jung Won Shin ),김성준 ( Seung Joon Kim ) 대한본초학회 2010 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.25 No.4
Objectives: This study aimed at evaluation of the effects of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on brain edema and aquaporin water channel expressions in the brain. Methods: Brain edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was induced by the stereotaxic intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase type VII in Sprague-Dawley rats. Then ethanol extract of Gastrodiae rhizoma was treated once a day for 3 days. Brain edema % and water contents, and cell size of neurons in the cerebral cortex were examined. Immuno-histochemistry was processed for AQP4, AQP1, and AQP9 expressions in the brain sections and area % of immuno-labeling was analyzed with image analysis. Results: 1. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced brain edema of ICH induced rats significantly. 2. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced excessive brain tissue water contents of ICH induced rats significantly. 3. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced cellular edema of neurons in cerebral cortex of ICH induced rats significantly. 4. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP4 immuno-positive area % in cerebral cortex and external capsule of ICH induced rat brain significantly. 5. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP9 immuno-positive area % in glia limitans externa of ICH induced rat brain significantly. Conclusions: These results suggest that Gastrodiae Rhizoma reveals protective effects against brain edema and cytotoxic edema of neurons by means of down-regulation of AQP4 expression in the brain.
Ginsenoside Rg1 Attenuates Neuroinflammation Following Systemic Lipopolysaccharide Treatment in Mice
Shin, Jung-Won,Ma, Sun-Ho,Lee, Ju-Won,Kim, Dong-Kyu,Do, Kyuho,Sohn, Nak-Won The Korea Association of Herbology 2013 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.28 No.6
Objectives : Neuroinflammation is characterized by microglial activation and the expression of major inflammatory mediators. The present study investigated the inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rg1 ($GRg_1$), a principle active ingredient in Panax ginseng, on pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglial activation induced by systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in the mouse brain tissue. Methods : Varying doses of $GRg_1$ was orally administered (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) 1 h before the LPS injection (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain tissue was measured using the quantitative real-time PCR method at 4 h after the LPS injection, Microglial activation was evaluated using western blotting and immunohistochemistry against ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) in the brain tissue. Cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) expressions also observed using western blotting and immunohistochemistry at 4 h after the LPS injection, In addition, double-immunofluorescent labeling of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and COX-2 with microglia and neurons was processed in the brain tissue. Results : $GRg_1$ (30 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the upregulation of TNF-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 mRNA in the brain tissue at 4 h after LPS injection. Morphological activation and Iba1 protein expression of microglia induced by systemic LPS injection were reduced by the $GRg_1$ (30 mg/kg) treatment. Upregulation of COX-2 protein expression in the brain tissue was also attenuated by the $GRg_1$ (30 mg/kg) treatment. Conclusion : The results suggest that $GRg_1$ is effective in the early stage of neuroinflammation which causes neurodegenerative diseases.
황련해독탕(黃連解毒湯)이 척수 압박손상 흰쥐의 운동기능 장애에 미치는 영향
성주원 ( Ju Won Seong ),반효정 ( Hyo Jung Bahn ),김성준 ( Seong Joon Kim ),김기역 ( Ki Yuk Kim ),신정원 ( Jung Won Shin ),강희 ( Hee Kang ),손낙원 ( Nak Won Sohn ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.4
Objectives :This study was performed to evaluate the effects of Hwangryunhaedok-tang(Huanglianjiedu-tang; HHT) water extract on locomotor dysfunction induced by spinal cord injury(SCI) in rats. Methods :SCI was induced by mechanical contusion following laminectomy of 10th thoracic vertebra in Sprague-Dawley rats. HHT was orally given once a day for 14 days after SCI. Neurological behavior was examined with the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale. Tissue damage and nerve fiber degeneration were examined with cresyl violet and luxol fast blue staining. Using immunohistochemistry, cellular damage to neurons and nerve fibers were examined against Bax and MAP-2. As inflammatory response markers, iNOS and COX-2 expressions were also examined. Results :1. HHT ameliorated the locomotor dysfunction of the SCI-induced rats. 2. HHT attenuated the reduction of motor neurons in the ventral horn of the SCI-induced rat spinal cord. 3. HHT significantly reduced the number of Bax positive cells in the peri-lesion of the SCI-induced rat spinal cord. 4. HHT attenuated the reduction of MAP-2 positive cells in the peri-lesion of the SCI-induced rat spinal cord. 3. HHT significantly reduced the number of iNOS and COX-2 positive cells in the peri-lesion of the SCI-induced rat spinal cord. Conclusions :These results suggest that HHT improves the locomotor dysfunction of SCI by protecting motor neurons from cell death through anti-inflammatory effect.
노령 흰쥐의 뇌허혈 손상시 뇌대사활성의 변화 및 량격산화탕의 영향에 대한 [$^{14}C$2-Deoxyglucose Autoradiography 연구
손철훈,신정원,손영주,정혁상,원란,손낙원,Sohn, Cheol-Hoon,Shin, Jung-Won,Sohn, Young-Joo,Jung, Hyuk-Sang,Won, Ran,Sohn, Nak-Won 대한한의학회 2003 대한한의학회지 Vol.24 No.3
Objective : This study investigated the alteration of neural activity and effect of Yanggyuksanhwa-tang (Lianggesanhuo-tang) on cerebral ischemia of rats. Methods : Considering age-related impact on cerebral ischemia, aged rats (18 months old) were used for this study. Ischemic damage was induced by the transient occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries (BCAO) with hypotension. Yanggyuksanhwa-tang (Lianggesanhuo-tang) was administered twice a day orally. Then alterations of neural activities in the brain of aged BCAO rats were measured by the [$^{14}C$]2-deoxyglucose autoradiography method. Results : The BCAO in aged rats led to significant decrease of neural activity in the whole brain. Treatment with Yanggyuksanhwa-tang (Lianggesanhuo-tang) significantly attenuated the decrease of neural activity in the whole brain following BCAO ischemia. Treatment significantly attenuated the decrease of neural activity in the CA1, CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, activated barrel, barrel cortex, somatosensory cortex, cingulate cortex, caudate putamen, and medial septal nucleus following BCAO in aged rats. Treatment with Yanggyuksanhwa-tang (Lianggesanhuo-tang) also significantly attenuated the decrease of neural activity in the anteroventral thalamic nucleus, ventral anterior thalamic nucleus, arcuate nucleus, posterior hypothalamic area, medial mammillary nucleus, lateral periaqueductal gray, dorsal raphe nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus, median raphe nucleus, and medial pontine nucleus. Conclusion : It can be suggested that Yanggyuksanhwa-tang (Lianggesanhuo-tang) has a neuroprotecuve effect on cerebral ischemia through the control of glucose metabolic rate and cerebral blood flow.