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Sharma, Monika,Jung, Namgee,Yoo, Sung Jong American Chemical Society 2018 Chemistry of materials Vol.30 No.1
<P>Pt-based multistructured nanocatalysts such as alloy, core–shell, and surface Pt-rich nanoparticles have been extensively studied for hydrogen fuel cell applications, and their catalytic performances for oxygen reduction reactions have been significantly upgraded for decades. Due to these technical enhancements, Pt-based nanoarchitectures have turned out to be compatible with commercially accessible fuel cell systems. In addition, based on physical and electrochemical backgrounds for the basic catalyst nanoarchitectures, novel catalyst designs with organic–inorganic hybrid concepts have been recently developed to more effectively improve the electrochemical reaction activities and durabilities. In this review, the typical class of Pt-based nanocatalysts are systematically explained according to their compositions and structures, and the emerging class of organic–inorganic hybrid catalyst designs are then thoroughly introduced. It is expected that the most recent improvements of Pt-based nanoarchitectures will have great effects on the future works for the commercialization of fuel cell catalysts.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2018/cmatex.2018.30.issue-1/acs.chemmater.7b03422/production/images/medium/cm-2017-034226_0037.gif'></P>
Characterization of CdSex Te1-x sintered films
M.Husain,L.M.Sharma,T.P.Sharma,Monika Sharma,Sushil Kumar 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.5
CdSexTe1-x is a promising ternary material which has received considerable attention due to its applications in the fabrication oflarge area economic solar cell, semiconductor-metal Schottky barrier cell, etc. This material possesses various advantages, princi-pally the high absorption coecient, optimum band gap and chemical stability, which make it attractive for this kind of devices.CdSexTe1. x lms with variable concentration (x ¼ 0 to 1) have been deposited onto ultra clean glass substrates by screen printingand then sintered. The optical, electrical and structural properties of CdSexTe1. x alloys have been studied, which were foundapplicable in photovoltaics. The optical band gap of these lms were determined by reectance measurements in the wavelengthrange of 700880 nm. The modication of band gap of intermixed CdSexTe1. x system has been described and was found suitable forecient absorption in the visible region of the spectrum. Schottky barrier height and ideality factor for Al/CdTe and Al/CdSejunctions were determined by currentvoltage characteristics. X-ray diraction patterns of these lms were reported. The lms wereof polycrystalline texture over the whole range studied and exhibit predominant cubic zinc blende structure. Sintering is very simpleand viable compared to other costly methods. It is a technique less time-consuming, of maximum material utility and less pollutantand oers a suitable method for preparing lms on large area substrares.
Recognition and Classification of Human Actions Using 2D Pose Estimation and Machine Learning
Monika Dhiman,Akash Sharma,Sarbjeet Singh 한국정보과학회 2022 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.16 No.4
Recognition and classification of human actions is a fundamental but difficult computer vision task that has been studied by several researchers worldwide in recent years. Pose estimation is a widely used technology for recognizing human actions. It has several applications, especially in the field of computer vision, where it can be used to recognize basic as well as complex human actions. This research provides a novel framework for identifying and classifying human actions which include five categories: standing, walking, waving, punching, and kicking. The dataset used for recognition and classification purposes is generated using the videos that are recorded using a smartphone and a 2D pose estimation technique has been applied to extract the features from the human body. The machine learning (ML) classifiers have been trained on a custom-built dataset. While all algorithms nearly performed well in the classification task, the light gradient-boosting machine (LGBM) outperformed the rest in terms of accuracy (98.80%).
Understanding teachers’ concerns about inclusive education
Monika Yadav,Ajay Das,Sushama Sharma,Ashwini Tiwari 서울대학교 교육연구소 2015 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.16 No.4
This study examined the concerns of regular elementary school teachers in Gurgaon, India, in order to work with students with disabilities in inclusive education settings. A total of 175 teachers responded to a two-part questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The data indicated that the teachers in Gurgaon, overall, were a little concerned about implementing inclusive education in their schools. Significant difference existed in teacher concerns whether they taught in government versus privately managed schools. Implications are discussed to address teacher concerns for inclusive education in India.
Sung, Hukwang,Sharma, Monika,Jang, Jeonghee,Lee, Sang-Young,Choi, Myoung-gil,Lee, Kyubock,Jung, Namgee The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Nanoscale Vol.11 No.11
<P>N-Doped carbon materials have been intensively studied to replace Pt catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). However, the low doping level in these catalysts results in a limited number of ORR active sites, so high catalyst loading is still required. Hence, the electrode thickness becomes extra thick, causing large mass transfer resistance in AEMFCs. In this study, we propose a unique hybrid catalyst concept utilizing charge redistribution at the graphene-transition metal interface to modify the electronic structure of graphene and simultaneously create multiple carbon active sites. The hybrid catalyst consists of n-type nano-graphene shells (NGS) three-dimensionally coated on the surface of transition metal nanoparticles highly dispersed on carbon supports. The n-type NGS catalysts efficiently facilitate oxygen adsorption owing to facile charge transfer from the metal nanoparticles underneath and provide abundant active carbon sites owing to their structural benefits. As a result, despite the same catalyst loading, the NGS catalyst shows high ORR activity and greater durability than a carbon-supported Pt (Pt/C) catalyst.</P>