Disorders of Liver : Metabolic Syndrome Can Not Predict Histological Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) In Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

( Ajay Duseja ),( Kiran K Thumburu ),( Ashim Das ),( Rk Dhiman ),( Yk Chawla ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: There is no effective non-invasive method to differentiate patients with or without histological NASH among patients with NAFLD. Aim of this study was to determine if presence of metabolic syndrome could be used as a predictor of histological NASH in patients with NAFLD. Methods: Fifty eight patients with NAFLD (July 2001-Jan 2007) (mean age 38.2±8.0 years, M:F=41:17) were histologically classified into Class I-IV as per Matteoni et al (Gastroenterology 1999:116;1413-1419). Those having NASH (Class III&IV) were further graded and staged as per Brunt et al (Am J Gastroenterol 1999:94:2467-2474). Differences in age, gender, BMI, waist, waist-hip ratio, serum insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), liver enzymes (AST, ALT)and presence of metabolic syndrome were studied between those with and without histological NASH. Metabolic syndrome (≥3 criteria) was defined as per adult treatment panel (ATP) III criteria with modified waist for Asian patients. Results: Twenty nine (50%) patients had class I or II (without histological NASH) disease and other 29 (50%) had class III or IV (histological NASH) disease. Overall metabolic syndrome was present in 25 (45.5%) patients with NAFLD. Fifteen (51.7%) patients in class I or II disease (without histological NASH) had metabolic syndrome in comparison to 10 (38.5%) patients in class III or IV (with histological NASH) (p=0.8). Other studied parameters were not different amongst two groups. Conclusion: Presence of metabolic syndrome can not be used as a predictor of histological NASH in patients with NAFLD.

Polystyrene stabilized Pd-Au nanoalloy for efficient synthesis of bis (indolyl)methanes from aryl iodides using oxalic acid as CO and H2 source

Ajay Kumar Sharma,Sheetal -,Pushkar Mehara,Pralay Das 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.119 No.-

Herein, first example of heterogeneously catalyzed carbonylative synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes fromaryl iodides in one-pot and single-step manner has been reported. The reaction was best catalyzed bypolystyrene supported bimetallic Pd-Au (Pd-Au@PS) nanoparticles (NPs) in comparison to various supportedmonometallic Pd-catalysts. The key feature of this protocol involves the application of oxalic acidas economic, solid, and safe multi-functional reagent which acts as a CO, H2 source as well as acid cocatalystwith PEG-200 as green solvent reaction medium for delivering moderate to excellent yields ofthe desired products, bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs). The developed protocol is additive, phosphineligand-free under air/moisture stable recyclable catalyst bearing easy accessibility/affordability to startingmaterials.

Comparison of Radiological and Clinical Outcomes between Expandable and Non-expandable Cages Following Cervical Corpectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Das Anand Kumar,Purohit Devendra Kumar,Gupta Ajay,Kataria Rashim 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.3

Anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion is considered the mainstay of surgical treatment in cervical pathology. Expandable and nonexpandable cages are preferred over autogenous bone graft because of donor-related morbidity. However, the choice of the cage type remains a debatable topic as studies report conflicting results. Thus, we evaluated the outcomes of expandable and non-expandable cages following cervical corpectomy. Studies were searched in various electronic databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane) between 2011 and 2021. Forest plot was made to compare the radiological and clinical outcomes between expandable and non-expandable cages following cervical corpectomy. Altogether, 26 studies (1,170 patients) were included in the metaanalysis. The mean change in segmental angle was significantly greater in the expandable cage group than in the non-expandable cage group (6.7° vs. 3.0°, <i>p</i> <0.001). The mean subsidence rate was lower in the expandable cage group (6% vs. 41%, <i>p</i> <0.001). The mean fusion rate was lower (93% vs. 98%, <i>p</i> =0.06) and the mean displacement rate was significantly higher in the expandable cage group (29% vs. 5%, <i>p</i> <0.05). The mean reoperation rate was higher in the expandable cage group (16% vs. 2%, <i>p</i> >0.05). The improvement in segmental angle is better with expandable cages. Higher subsidence is a major problem with non-expandable cages, but it seems to be beneficial as evidenced by the high fusion rate and minimal effect on clinical outcome in patients with this cage.

EMISSION ANALYSIS OF A MEDIUM CAPACITY DIESEL ENGINE USING MAHUA OIL BIODIESEL

Ajay Kumar Sharma,L.M.Das,S.N.Naik,Bhupendra Singh Chauhan,Haeng Muk Cho 한국에너지학회 2013 에너지공학 Vol.22 No.2

Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A North Indian Tertiary Care Centre Experience

Das, Chandan Krushna,Gogia, Ajay,Kumar, Lalit,Sharma, Atul,Sharma, Mehar Chand,Mallick, Saumya Ranjan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.10

Background: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, with a pathognomonic chromosomal translocation t (11;14). Prognosis is uniformly dismal but there is a paucity of information on MCL from India. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analysed clinicopathological information on all treated patients with MCL at our centre. STATA 14.0 was used for analysis. Survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox's proportional hazards method. Statistical significance was defined as a P value of < 0.05. Results: Fifty-one patients with MCL were reviewed. The median age at presentation was 57.0 years. Extranodal involvement was seen in 39.0 (74.0%) while bone marrow positivity at presentation was found in 27.0 (54.0%). Initial treatment was chemotherapy with or without rituximab. Patients receiving rituximab-based therapy (n = 24) had 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 21.0 (88.0%), compared with 14.0 (61.0%) for those not receiving rituximab (n = 23, P = 0.036). Twenty-three patients were alive with a median follow-up of 20.7 months (range 2.5-89.2). PFS at 1 and 2 years was 51.0% and 27.0%, and overall survival (OS) 78.0% and 72.0%, respectively. Use of more than 2.0 lines of therapy, use of bendamustine-rituximab, and high TLC (>10,000.0/cu.mm) significantly affected PFS. Conclusions: In our experience, MCL patients from north India have an early age at presentation. When treated with regimens including rituximab results in an improved response rate and PFS. This study provided comprehensive insights into the treatment of MCL in a developing country.

Rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) biomass conversion to furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, lignin and bio-char: A comprehensive solution

Ajay Kumar,Arvind Singh Chauhan,Rohit Bains,Pralay Das 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.104 No.-

A sustainable, easy to operate, scalable, and chemically pre-treatments free method has been explored forrice straw (RS) biomass conversion to furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), lignin and bio-charproduction. Initially, the RS was dipped into liquid nitrogen in a thermos flask and grinded easily to finepowder for better handling of biomass under reaction conditions in a reactor. The process also reducesthe volume of biomass and enhances the surface area of RS biomass which was further analysed bySEM, TEM, IR, TGA and DSC, and further validated by its fruitful conversion to furfural, 5-HMF, ligninand bio-char synthesis in satisfied yields. The developed acidic process was performed at 130 C for 6hrs under a closed reaction system in reflux conditions. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC) purity of furfural and 5-HMF was measured to >90% without additional purification technique. Moreover, the method was also examined in 250-gram scale and found to perform well.

Free Paper Session : Liver 1 ; Serum Leptin Does Not Correlate With Hepatic Fibrosis In Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease And Chronic Hepatitis C

( Ajay Duseja ),( Kiran K Thumburu ),( Nitin Saini ),( Ashim DAS ),( RK Dhiman ),( YK Chanwla ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: Experimental data suggests role of adipokine leptin in hepatic fibrosis. Human data on this issue is controversial. Aim of this study was to measure serum leptin levels in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and correlate its levels with hepatic fibrosis. Methods: serum leptin levels were assessed by ELISA (DRG Diagnostics, Germany) in 40 patients with NAFLD (liver biopsy=29)(mean age 39.8±10.8 years, men 29), 23 patients with CHC (liver biopsy=20) (mean age 37.7±6.7, men 22) and 15 healthy controls (normal BMI, LFT and ultrasound abdomen), (mean age 32.2±9.2 years, men 13). Histological analysis was done as per Matteoni et al (Gastroenterology 1999) and Brunt et al (Am J Gastroenterol 1999) in patients with NAFLD and as per Ishak et al (J Hepatol. 1995) in patients with CHC. Correlation of serum leptin was studied with age, gender, BMI, waist, waist-hip ratio, ALT, insulin resistance, class of NAFLD (NASH vs. no NASH) and hepatic necro-inflammation and fibrosis. Results: Patients with CHC had higher serum leptin levels in comparison to healthy controls (12.6±3.4 ng/ml vs. 5.0±5.2 ng/ml, p=0.002) and NAFLD patients (12.6±3.4 ng/ml vs. 5.9±3.3 ng/ml, p=0.05). There was no difference between serum leptin levels of NAFLD patients and healthy controls. Serum leptin showed no correlation with age, gender, BMI, waist, waist hip ratio, ALT and insulin resistance in both the patient groups. There was no correlation of serum leptin with either class of NAFLD (NASH vs. no NASH) (p=0.75) and with grade of the disease and stage of hepatic fibrosis in both NAFLD (p=0.44) and CHC groups (p=0.59). Conclusions: Patients with CHC have higher serum leptin levels in comparison to NAFLD. Serum leptin levels do not correlate with hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD and CHC.

EMISSION ANALYSIS OF A MEDIUM CAPACITY DIESEL ENGINE USING MAHUA OIL BIODIESEL

Sharma, Ajay Kumar,Das, L.M.,Naik, S.N.,Chauhan, Bhupendra Singh,Cho, Haeng Muk The Korean Society for Energy 2013 에너지공학 Vol.22 No.2

The stringent emission norms cannot be met through engine design and exhaust after treatment alone. Use of oxygenated fuel like biodiesel as a alternative to diesel may be the best way to reduce emissions today. In this study, Diesel fuel and pure biodiesel (mahua oil) were tested on a single cylinder naturally-aspirated direct-injection diesel engine. The study aims to investigate the effects of the mahua oil biodiesel on existing diesel engine emissions. The effect of test fuels on engine emissions like CO, HC, $CO_2$, NOx and smoke emissions was investigated with respect to the load on engine. Smoke opacity of Diesel engine was lower in case of biodiesel of mahua oil as compare to mineral diesel. NOx emissions was little higher during the whole range of loading, which is a typical characteristic of biodiesel. However the increments are within in the narrow range. $CO_2$ emissions was bit higher which is the indication of better combustion due to presence of rich oxygen in the mixture, it results in the low values of CO and HC during the whole range of experiments. Thus considering environmental norms most of the engine emissions, it can be concluded and biodiesel derived from mahua oil could be used in a conventional diesel engine without any modification.

Understanding teachers’ concerns about inclusive education

Monika Yadav,Ajay Das,Sushama Sharma,Ashwini Tiwari 서울대학교 교육연구소 2015 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.16 No.4

This study examined the concerns of regular elementary school teachers in Gurgaon, India, in order to work with students with disabilities in inclusive education settings. A total of 175 teachers responded to a two-part questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The data indicated that the teachers in Gurgaon, overall, were a little concerned about implementing inclusive education in their schools. Significant difference existed in teacher concerns whether they taught in government versus privately managed schools. Implications are discussed to address teacher concerns for inclusive education in India.

Supplementation of retinoic acid alone in MSC culture medium induced germ cell-like cell differentiation

Kumar Kuldeep,Das Kinsuk,Kumar Ajay,Singh Purnima,A. P. Madhusoodan,Dutt Triveni,Bag Sadhan 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2023 Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Vol.38 No.2

Background: Germ cells undergo towards male or female pathways to produce spermatozoa or oocyte respectively which is essential for sexual reproduction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential of trans-differentiation to the multiple cell lineages. Methods: Herein, rat MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and characterized by their morphological features, expression of MSC surface markers, and in vitro differentiation capability. Results: Thereafter, we induced these cells only by retinoic acid supplementation in MSC medium and, could able to show that bone marrow derived MSCs are capable to trans-differentiate into male germ cell-like cells in vitro. We characterized these cells by morphological changes, the expressions of germ cell specific markers by immunophenotyping and molecular biology tools. Further, we quantified these differentiated cells. Conclusions: This study suggests that only Retinoic acid in culture medium could induce bone marrow MSCs to differentiate germ cell-like cells in vitro . This basic method of germ cell generation might be helpful in the prospective applications of this technology.