국내 분리 일본뇌염 바이러스 유전자에 대한 항체생성 연구(Ⅰ) : cloning of JEV viral genes

박찬,최우영,이호동,채수림,신은진,김인범,표재환,박근용,조해월 국립보건연구원 1999 국립보건원보 Vol.36 No.-

SPECTROSCOPICALLY SELECTED<i>SPITZER</i>24<i>μm</i>ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

Choi, P. I.,Yan, Lin,Helou, G.,Storrie-Lombardi, L. J.,Fadda, D.,Im, M.,Shim, H. IOP Publishing 2011 The Astrophysical journal Vol.732 No.1

<P>We investigate the active galactic nucleus (AGN) sub-population of a 24 mu m flux-limited galaxy sample in the Spitzer Extragalactic First Look Survey. Using deep Keck optical spectroscopy and a series of emission-line diagnostics, we identify AGN-dominated systems over broad redshift 0 < z < 3.5 and luminosity 9 < log(L-TIR) < 14 ranges, with sample means of < z > = 0.85 and < log(LTIR)> = 11.5. We find that down to the flux limits of our Spitzer MIPS sample (f(24) > 200 mu Jy), 15%-20% of sources exhibit strong AGN signatures in their optical spectra. At this flux limit, the AGN population accounts for as much as 25%-30% of the integrated 24 mu m flux. This corresponds to an MIR AGN contribution approximate to 2-3x greater than that found in ISOCAM 15 mu m studies that used X-ray AGN identifications. Based on our spectroscopically selected AGN sample, we also investigate the merits of Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) color selection for AGN identification. Our comparison reveals that although there is considerable overlap, a significant fraction of spectroscopic AGNs are not identifiable based on their MIR colors alone. Both the measured completeness and reliability of the IRAC color selections are found to be strongly dependent on the MIR flux limit. Finally, our spectroscopic AGN sample implies as much as a 3x higher AGN surface density at high redshift (z > 1.2) than that of recent optical surveys at comparable optical flux limits, suggestive of a population of heavily obscured, optical/UV reddened AGNs.</P>

DHS-21, a dicarbonyl/l-xylulose reductase (DCXR) ortholog, regulates longevity and reproduction in Caenorhabditis elegans

Son, L.T.,Ko, K.M.,Cho, J.H.,Singaravelu, G.,Chatterjee, I.,Choi, T.W.,Song, H.O.,Yu, J.R.,Park, B.J.,Lee, S.K.,Ahnn, J. North-Holland Pub ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2011 FEBS letters Vol.585 No.9

Dicarbonyl/l-xylulose reductase (DCXR) converts l-xylulose into xylitol, and reduces various α-dicarbonyl compounds, thus performing a dual role in carbohydrate metabolism and detoxification. In this study, we identified DHS-21 as the only DCXR ortholog in Caenorhabditis elegans. The dhs-21 gene is expressed in various tissues including the intestine, gonadal sheath cells, uterine seam (utse) cells, the spermathecal-uterus (sp-ut) valve and on the plasma membrane of spermatids. Recombinant DHS-21 was shown to convert l-xylulose to xylitol using NADPH as a cofactor. Dhs-21 null mutants of C. elegans show defects in longevity, reproduction and egg-laying. Knock-down of daf-16 and elt-2 transcription factors affected dhs-21 expression. These results suggest that DHS-21 is a bona fide DCXR of C. elegans, essential for normal life span and reproduction.

사각형구조를 갖는 Ru 단층의 자성과 전자구조

조이현(L. H. Cho),김인기(I. G. Kim),이재일(J. I. Lee),장영록(Y. R. Jang),박인호(I. H. Park),최성을(S. E. Choi),권명희(M. H. Kwon) 한국자기학회 1999 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.9 No.3

The magnetism and electronic structure of Ru monolayer with square lattice is investigated using the FLAPW band method. The dependence of total energies on the lattice constant was calculated for three magnetic states, i.e., para-, ferro-, and antiferromagnetic ones. It was found that there is no energy difference between para- and antiferromagnetic states for all the lattice constant. The possibility of antiferromagnetism in square Ru monolayer is thus excluded. The ferromagnetic state is most stable for the lattice constants greater than 7.30 a.u. The energy minimum is found at the lattice constant of 6.53 a.u. where it is paramagnetic. It is calculated that the magnetic moment is 2.49 μ_B at 7.72 a.u., which is close to the lattice constant of Ag. The magnetic moment is almost saturated to be 2.57 μ_B at the lattice constant of 7.86 a.u.

Preparing DNA-mimicking multi-line nanocaterpillars via in situ nanoparticlisation of fully conjugated polymers

Lee, I. H.,Amaladass, P.,Choi, I.,Bergmann, V.,Weber, S. L.,Choi, T. L. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Polymer chemistry Vol.7 No.7

<P>A unique hierarchical evolution from single-line nanocaterpillars to multi-line nanocaterpillars and then to multi-line nanocaterpillars bearing a few long-chain branches was demonstrated by in situ nanoparticlisation of fully conjugated poly(2,5-dihexyloxy-1,4-phenylene)-block-poly(3-methylthiophene) (PPP-b-P3MT). PPP-b-P3MTs of various block ratios were successfully synthesised by the Grignard metathesis polymerization method; moreover, these block copolymers underwent spontaneous self-assembly during the polymerization owing to the solvophobicity or strong p-p interactions of the core block, i.e. P3MT. These in situ generated PPP-b-P3MT NPs were quite different from the previously reported NPs generated from poly(2,5-dihexyloxy-1,4-phenylene)-block-polythiophene (PPP-b-PT). AFM and TEM images revealed that PPP-b-P3MTs formed single-to multi-line nanocaterpillars, whereas PPP-b-PTs only formed shorter single-line nanocaterpillars. On the basis of PXRD and UV-vis data, we speculated that this interesting morphology of multi-line nanocaterpillars, resembling duplex DNA, arose from different packing modes and crystallinity as well as improved solubility of the P3MT core compared with the NPs containing the PT core.</P>

UV-C 조사와 MAP 처리가 저장 중 아스파라거스의 품질에 미치는 영향

윤혁성 ( Yoon H. S. ),최인이 ( I. L. Choi ),최가은 ( G. E. Choi ),한수정 ( S. J. Han ),김주영 ( J. Y. Kim ),강호민 ( H. M. Kang ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2017 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.29 No.1

This study investigated the effect of UV-C irradiation and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) treatment on quality of asparagus spears (Asparagus officinalis) during storage. Asparagus spears were irradiated with 15 or 20 kJ/㎡ of UV-C irradiation. Untreated spears served as control. Treated and untreated spears were packaged using oxygen transmission rate (OTR) films (10,000 cc/㎡ ·day · atm) for the MAP and with perforated film for conventional storage. Experimental and control spears were stored for 30 days at 4°C and 85% relative humidity. The weight loss rate was less than 0.4% in all MAP-treated samples, whereas it was more than 4.5% in the conventional storage stored samples. Carbon dioxide content stayed at 5.0-10.0%, and oxygen content remained higher than 10.0% in all MAP samples. All treatments satisfied the recommended range of controlled atmosphere (CA) and modified atmosphere (MA) conditions of asparagus spears. Ethylene content stayed consistently at 2.0-4.0 μL/L during storage. The atmospheric composition (i.e. carbon dioxide, oxygen, and ethylene contents) in all MAP samples was not significantly different according to UV-C irradiation treatment. The off-odor of samples irradiated with 15 kJ/㎡ UV-C was lower regardless of the storage method. Soluble solid contents did not differ significantly with the MAP treatment. The soluble solid content was the highest in the samples irradiated with 15 kJ/㎡ UV-C and stored conventional storage. The hue angle value was the highest at 15 kJ/㎡ UV-C irradiation and MAP storage, indicating inhibition of the yellowing effect of the UV-C irradiation. Visual quality of samples subjected to 15 kJ/㎡ UV-C irradiation and MAP treatment was the best among all samples. These samples retained their marketability for up to 30 days. In conclusion, 15 kJ/㎡ UV-C irradiation combined with MAP treatment is appropriate to maintain visual quality and soluble solid contents and to inhibit the development of off-odor and yellowing of asparagus spears during storage.

OTR 필름 종류가 왕고들빼기 어린잎 채소의 MA 저장 중 품질에 미치는 영향

강호민 ( Kang,H. M. ),최인이 ( I. L. Choi ),김주영 ( J. Y. Kim ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2019 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.31 No.2

본 연구는 OTR 필름 종류가 왕고들빼기 어린잎 채소의 MA (modified atmosphere) 저장 중 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 플라스틱하우스에서 4주간 재배한 초장 10 cm 내외의 왕고들빼기 어린잎 채소를 산소투과도가 50 cc, 1,300 cc, 10,000 cc, 20,000 cc, 40,000 cc, 그리고 80,000 cc/m^-2/day^-1/atm^-1인 OTR 필름과 대조구인 미 세천공 필름(∅0.06 cm, 36 ea/100 cm²)을 사용하여 포장하여 8°C에서 22일간 저장하였다. 저장 종료일 모든 OTR필름 처리구의 생체중 감소율은 1.1%를 보였고, 대조구인 미세천공 필름은 5.5%의 감소를 나타냈다. 포장 내 산소농도는 20,000 cc, 40,000 cc, 그리고 80,000 cc OTR 필름 처리구에서 저장 중 19% 이상의 농도을 유지하였고, 50 cc 처리구에서 저장 기간 중 15-16%의 농도로 가장 낮게 유지되었다. 포장 내 이산화탄소 농도는 50 cc 처리구가 가장 높게 유지되어 저장 종료일 11%의 수치를 보였고, 1,300 cc와 10,000 cc 처리구는 각각 7%, 5%의 농도를 보였고, 나머지 OTR 필름 처리구는 저장 기간 동안 4% 미만의 농도를 유지하였다. 미세천공 처리구는 저장종료일 20% 이상의 산소 농도와 0.1% 이하의 이산화탄소 농도를 보였다. 포장 내 에틸렌 농도는 모든 처리구간 유의성은 없었으나 저장 기간 중 1-4 μL/L^-1의 농도를 유지하였고, 저장 17일째 급격히 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 저장 종료일 조사한 외관상 품질은 50 cc 처리구와 1,300 cc 처리구만이 상품성을 유지하였다. 저장 종료일에 조사한 엽록소 함량과 Hue angle 값은 50 cc 처리구와 1,300 cc 처리구가 가장 높게 유지되었고, 황색도를 나타내는 b* 값도 50 cc 처리구와 1,300 cc 처리구가 가장 낮았다. DPPH 라디컬 소거능은 저장 전과 비교하여 저장 종료일 산소투과도가 높아짐에 따라 DPPH 라디컬소거능이 비례하여 감소하였다. 따라서 왕고들빼기 ‘선향’ 어린잎의 MA 저장 시 황화 억제 및 품질 유지 효과가 가장 우수한 1,300 cc OTR 필름을 사용하여 포장하는 것이 적합하다고 판단된다. This study was conducted to examine the effects of OTR film types on the quality during MA (modified atmosphere) storage of ‘Sheonhyang’ (Lactuca indica L.) baby leaf vegetable harvested at baby leaves size less than 10 cm plant height packed with 50 cc, 1,300 cc, 10,000 cc, 20,000 cc, 40,000 cc, and 80,000 cc/m^-2/day^-1/atm^-1 OTR (oxygen transmission rate) films and MP (micro-perforated) film, and then stored at 8°C for 22 days. Fresh weight loss rate of all OTR film treatments showed a 1.1% until the storage end date, and MP treatment showed a 5.5% until the storage end date. The oxygen concentration in the packaging during storage period was maintained at 19% over in 20,000 cc, 40,000 cc, and 80,000 cc OTR film treatments, and the 50 cc OTR film treatment was maintained 15-16% during storage period. And concentration of the carbon dioxide was showed the highest at 50 cc treatments of 11% at the storage end date, and 1,300 cc, 10,000 cc OTR film treatments to show the levels of 7% and 5%, respectively, and the other OTR film treatment showed a concentration of less than 4%. Micro-perforated film treatment was showed more than 20% of oxygen concentration and less than 0.1% of carbon dioxide concentration at storage end date. Ethylene concentration in the package was maintained 1-4 μL/L^-1 in the all treatments during the storage period, and tended to increase rapidly at 17 days of storage. The visual quality was maintained in the 50 cc, 1,300 cc treatments at end of storage date. The chlorophyll content and Hue angle value were surveyed highest at 50 cc and 1,300 cc treatments at the end of storage, and the b* value of yellow color was lowest in 50 cc and 1,300 cc treatments. The DPPH radical scavenging activity decreased with increasing oxygen permeability at the end of storage compared with before storage. Therefore, 1,300 cc OTR film treatment which was most effective for yellowing suppression and maintaining quality during storage is considered to be proper for packaging of ‘Sheonhyang’ (Lactuca indica L.) baby leaf vegetable.

OsWRKY51, a rice transcription factor, functions as a positive regulator in defense response against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Hwang, S. H.,Kwon, S. I.,Jang, J. Y.,Fang, I. L.,Lee, H.,Choi, C.,Park, S.,Ahn, I.,Bae, S. c.,Hwang, D. J. Springer International 2016 Plant cell reports Vol. No.

<P>OsWRKY51 functions as a positive transcriptional regulator in defense signaling against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by direct DNA binding to the promoter of defense related gene, OsPR10a. OsWRKY51 in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is induced by exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and inoculation with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). To examine the role of OsWRKY51 in the defense response of rice, we generated OsWRKY51 overexpressing and underexpressing transgenic rice plants. OsWRKY51-overexpressing transgenic rice lines were more resistant to Xoo and showed greater expression of defense-related genes than wild-type (WT) plants, while OsWRKY51-underexpressing lines were more susceptible to Xoo and showed less expression of defense-associated genes than WT plants. Transgenic lines overexpressing OsWRKY51 showed growth retardation compared to WT plants. In contrast, transgenic lines underexpressing OsWRKY51 by RNA interference showed similar plant height with WT plants. Transient expression of OsWRKY51-green fluorescent protein fusion protein in rice protoplasts revealed that OsWRKY51 was localized in the nucleus. OsWRKY51 bound to the W-box and WLE1 elements of the OsPR10a promoter. Based on these results, we suggest that OsWRKY51 is a positive transcriptional regulator of defense signaling and has direct DNA binding ability to the promoter of OsPR10a, although it is reported to be a negative regulator in GA signaling.</P>

성장월령에 따른 비거세 한우의 도체특성과 육질변화

김내수,원유석,송만강,최양일,정정수,이창림,정재경,임진희 한국축산학회 1999 한국축산학회지 Vol.41 No.6

The current study was undertaken to determine the effects of growing age on the carcass, meat quality and muscle fiber characteristics in Hanwoo bulls during the growing period of 6 to 30 months. A total of 54 heads of Hanwoo bulls (6 heads of 6 months, 12 heads each of 14, 18, 24 and 30 months) were conventionally slaughtered at each age, and then chilled overnight. The carcass characteristics and quality or yield grade (QG or YG) were determined on those carcasses, longissimus muscle (3Kg) was removed from left sides at 1st to 5th lumbar vertebrate and meat qualities or muscle fiber characteristics were evaluated. In the carcass characteristics of Hanwoo bulls, live weight, carcass weight and ribeye area except backfat thickness and dressing percent were increased(P $lt; 0.05) until 24 months of age. The backfat thickness was increased(P $lt; 0.05) from 18 to 24 months of age. The dressing percent was decreased(P $lt; 0.05) from 6 to 14 months, but thereafter slowly increased. Carcasses from 6 or 14 months of age showed A grade of YG, but carcasses from 18 to 30 months showed B grade. In QG, carcasses from 6 or 14 months showed `out of grade' and carcasses from 18 to 30 months showed grade 3 of QG, but the QG was not improved after the 24 months of age. In meat qualities of longissimus muscle, the pH and water-holding capacity tended to be similar except 18 months of age, and the meat color changed to red from 14 to 18 months of age. The shear force was increased(P $lt; 0.05) from 14 to 18 months, but after that decreased(P $lt; 0.05) at 30 months. In proximal analysis, the moisture content was decreased until 24 months of age, but the protein and fat contents tended to increase. In panel test, the flavor score tended to increase but the tenderness or total acceptability score tended to decrease until 30 months of age. In the muscle fiber characteristics, the ratio of white muscle fiber(IIW type) was the largest, and the ratio of intermediate muscle fiber(IIR type) was the smallest except for 6 or 24 months. The ratio of red muscle fiber(IR type) or IIR type tended to decrease, but the ratio of IIW tended to increase until 24 months of age. In the muscle fiber diameter, the IIW type had the largest diameter, but the IR type had the smallest diameter except the I8 or 24 months of age. The diameter of three muscle fiber types tended to increase until 30 months, and the IIW type showed faster increase. In the transmission electron micrographs, muscle fiber from longissimus muscle of 6 months did not show the full development and the A or I band was not fully observed. However, muscle fiber from longissimus muscle of 18 months showed thicker Z-line and the A or I band was fully observed. The longissimus muscle of 24 or 30 months showed the similar morphological pattern of muscle fiber as 18 months of growing age, but the muscle fiber seemed to be fully developed.

왕고들빼기"선향"MAP에 적합한 저장온도 및 OTR 필름 구명

노희선 ( H S Noh ),임예나 ( Y N Lim ),임상현 ( S H Lim ),김희연 ( H Y Kim ),김상수 ( S S Kim ),최인이 ( I L Choi ),강호민 ( H M Kang ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2015 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.27 No.3

These studies were conducted to identify the proper temperature and the effects of laser ablation OTR (oxygen transmission rate) film on storability of Lactuca indica L.‘Seonhyang’. Respiration rate in 2℃ and 8℃ was low (20CO2mg/kg/hr). We used 3,000 cc, 5,000 cc, 7,000 cc and 10,000 cc/m2·day·atm OTR films in this research. Fresh weight loss rate was less than 1.0% in all OTR films and storage temperatures. This was lower in the low temperature. The change of oxygen and carbon dioxide contents in packing show the normal trend. The more oxygen transmission rate rises, the more oxygen contents rises. On the contrary to this, the carbon dioxide contents became low. The more temperature rise, the less oxygen contents and the more carbon dioxide contents became. Visual quality had the long storage times for sail in the low storage temperature and the low oxygen transmission rate film. Following these results, it comes to conclusion the suitable type of OTR film such as 3,000 cc and 5,000 cc for MA storage of Lactuca indica L.‘Seonhyang’ in 2℃ low temperature and storage time was 40 days.