피부미용사의 근골격계 손상과 예방에 관한 문헌연구

채경주 한국피부과학연구원 2009 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.7 No.4

It follows today in advancement of industry and the work enviroment becomes fractionation anger with simple repetition work. This result in increase work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are the most serious health problems in the skin beauty artists. They are a major cause of occupational disease in the skin beauty artists. Consequently, prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders is important about personal quality of life as well as decrease of social resource. So, efforts must be made to detect persons at risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and to prevent or reduce the frequency of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. To facilitate such approaches, it is essential to review risk factor of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the skin beauty artists. This study was aimed at designing interventions that minimiz risk work-related musculoskeletal disorders of skin beauty artists by ameliorating contributing factors. I hope that this program will promote prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders to the skin beauty artists 현대산업의 발달에 따라 작업환경은 단순 반복 작업으로 세분화되고 경영합리화에 따른 공장설비의 자동화, 여유시간의 축소, 다기능화로 인하여 노동 강도가 강화되는 등의 노동환경의 많은 변화를 가져오고 있다. 이러한 노동환경의 변화는 작업자에게 육체적·정신적 피로도를 증가시켜 근골격계 질환을 증가시키는 요인으로 자리 잡았다. 최근 발표된 국내외 근골격계 질환의 발생은 점점 그 비율이 증가하고 있으며, 앞으로도 지속적으로 증가할 것으로 전망되고 있기 때문에 특별관리가 절대적으로 필요한 시점이다. 따라서 근골격계 질환의 산업체 및 사회에 미치는 영향이 점점 더 증가되고 문제의 심각성이 대두되어짐에 따라 근골격계 질환을 감소시킬 수 있는 근본적인 대책마련이 시급함에도 불구하고, 아직까지 직업관련 근골격계질환에 대한 대응책과 예방에 대한 프로그램이 매우 부족한 실정이다. 미용업계종사자들은 전문직업인으로서 정신적, 심리적 부담이 가중되고 과중한 작업증가와 함께 정신적, 육체적 피로가 누적되고, 반복적인 기구사용과 작업, 팔을 어깨높이의 상태에서 장기간 기립된 상태로 고정된 시선을 유지하는 불균형적인 자세, 복잡한 장비와 도구의 사용 등으로 인하여 근골격계 자각증상 호소율이 높게 나타나고 있다. 그러나 지금까지 피부미용사들에게서 발생할 수 있는 작업관련 근골격계 손상에 대한 인식과 대책은 아직 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 문헌고찰을 통하여 피부미용사들에게 발생할 수 있는 근골격계손상과 관련된 위험요인과 근골격계질환의 종류 및 예방에 대해 알아봄으로써 피부미용사의 직업관련 근골격계손상에 대한 치료 프로그램에 대한 기초자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 앞으로 피부미용사에 대한 객관적이고 정확한 직무분석을 통하여 위험성의 정도를 평가하는 것이 매우 중요하며, 피부미용사 직업과 관련된 인간공학적 연구가 많이 이루어져야 하겠고, 이론을 임상에서 실질적으로 적용한 임상효과에 대한 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

중·고등 교원의 직무환경과 작업 관련 근골격계 증상 유병률 관계에서 스트레스가 직·간접적으로 미치는 영향

손상우,황병준 대한정형도수물리치료학회 2022 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Background: The aim of the study is to examine whether mediating or moderating effects of stress between teachers’ work environment and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: Two hundred nine participants took part in the study and completed the surveys including work environment, stress and work-related musculoskeletal disorders questionnaires. Hayes’s PROCESS macro was used to test the research models for mediating and moderating effects of stress between work environment with teachers and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Indirect effect was tested using bootstrapped confidence intervals. Results: The result confirmed that Stress served as a indirect mediator between work environment and work-related musculoskeletal disorders, whereas there was no significant the moderating effect. Conclusion: Stress mediates the relationship between work environment and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, it is crucial that teachers’ work environment that increases stress should be enhanced to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

Psychosocial Factors and Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Southeastern Asian Female Workers Living in Korea

Lee, Hyeon-Kyeong,Ahn, Hyun-Mi,Park, Chang-Gi,Kim, Sun-Jung,Moon, Sun-Hye Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2011 Safety and health at work Vol.2 No.2

Objectives: A rapid increase in the population of migrant workers in Korea has brought new challenges regarding the possible effects of acculturation on health. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of acculturation- and work-related psychosocial factors on work-related musculoskeletal disorders among migrant female workers living in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. A translated, structured questionnaire was administrated to 156 southeastern Asian female full-time workers living in Korea. Results: About 35% of the participants experienced some type(s) of work-related musculoskeletal disorder(s), which were more prevalent in Vietnamese women than in Thai and Filipino women. Women who preferred to maintain their own heritage and to reject the host country heritage were at risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Conclusion: Acculturation strategy and nationality were found to be significant factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Health professionals need to accommodate acculturation contexts into risk assessment and intervention development for work-related musculoskeletal disorders separately for different nationalities.

작업관련 근골격계질환의 요양재해 추이 분석 및 위험요인과 유병률에 관한 고찰

김남수,김용배 한국산업보건학회 2023 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.33 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the recent trends in patients with work-related musculoskeletal disorders in South Korea and to check the major results by reviewing the literature on the risk factors and prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases related to work. Methods: Industrial disaster data from the Ministry of Employment and Labor from 2012 to 2021 were used, and the literature was reviewed regarding risk factors for musculoskeletal diseases related to work using PubMed and RISS. Results: The trend of patients with work-related musculoskeletal disorders has increased overall since 2017 after declining until 2016, with a particularly notable increase in the average annual number of patients with physical burden work. The average annual rate per ten thousand people for patients with body burden work, non-accidental lower back pain, and carpal tunnel syndrome among work-related diseases was high in the mining industry. The average annual rate per ten thousand people for patients with accidental lower back pain was the highest in the fishing industry. Within the manufacturing field, it was the highest in the shipbuilding and ship repair industry. As a result of the literature review, the search rate for work-related musculoskeletal disease papers in unstructured work was high. In addition, physical stress factors were high among risk factors, and pain areas showed a high rate for the waist. Conclusion: Even after the institutional implementation of a hazard investigation system related to musculoskeletal diseases is implemented, the number of patients with occupational musculoskeletal disorders continues to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct regular surveys and implement effective improvement activities for vulnerable industries or occupations.

Application of Well-balanced Work Scheduling for Prevention of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in an Automotive Parts Assembly Line

Minyong Park,Wonkyoung Shin 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

Well-balanced work scheduling was developed and applied for preventing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in an automotive parts assembly line. In general, workers are shifted 4 or 5 times a day regularly, but there is no reasonable way to determine work order considering workers’ physical stress. To provide work order reasonably, it should be avoided to concentrate physical stress on a specific body part continuously. Therefore, a coefficient of cumulative workload of a station (CCWS) was elicited by sum of multiplying frequency of physical stress on specific body parts and relative weighted value of each body parts. For this study, customized checklists were proposed by using items from various international safety and health-related organizations according to job demand and workplace conditions. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was also applied to carry out to get relative weighted values of each body parts using pairwise comparison depending on tasks. Consequently, combination of work order was determined by summing each CCWS of various work stations based on severity of physical stress during a single day; and rotation cycle (i.e., days) was determined by numbers of worker. For verifying this methodology, a case study was carried out through the example of an automotive parts assembly line with 10 different kinds of assembly work stations connected by a conveyor system and participating 12 female workers. AHP was carried out by 9 experts to get relative weighted values. In this case study, a software tool of well-balanced work scheduling was developed using JAVA 2.7 for convenience and time-saving. By using this tool, the task manager(s) of the manufacturer will be able to generate work schedules very easily and quickly as well as reasonably, just by inputting the frequency of physical stress on a specific body part and relative weighted values derived by expert evaluation for each body parts. The result of this study may help workers have higher satisfaction in shifting work because they were provided well-balanced work scheduling based on their severity of physical stress, which leads to prevent WMSDs. Higher productivity is also expected because of improved workers’ satisfaction and safety.

조선소 근로자들의 근골격계 질환 양상과 중재적 보건관리 효과

채홍재,이성관,이강진,문재동 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.4

목적 : 조선소의 작업관련성 근골격계 질환의 양상을 파악하고 근골격계 질환의 관리 프로그램 운영이 조선소 근로자들의 작업관련성 근골격계 질환 관리에 밀치는 효과를 평가하여 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 2000년 1월 1일부터 2002년 8월 31일까지한 조선업체의 전도, 협착, 추락, 낙하 및 충돌 등 외상을 제외한 작업관련성 근골격계 질환으로 요양을 실시한 직영 근로자들을 대상으로 하여 연령, 근무기간, 부서, 직종, 부위, 원인 및 요양기간 등 근골격계 질환의 양상을 조사하였다. 결과 : 질병 부위는 요부질환이 68.4%였고, 요부질환 이외의 근골격계 질환이 31.6%였으며, 발생원인은 반복성이 34.8%였고, 비반복성 원인이 65.2% 였다. 요부질환의 경우 비반복성 원인이 83.3%인 반면에 요부질환 이외의 근골격계 질환은 74.0%가 반복성이었다. 도장업무의 경우 반복성 손상에 의한 요부 질환 이외의 근골격계 질환의 빈도가 높았으며 중량물을 취급하는 직종의 경우 요통의 빈도가 타업무에 비해 높았다. 요양자의 50%가 작업에 복귀하는데 걸린 시간은 요부질환은 32.0주, 요부질환 이외의 근골격계 질환은 25.4주였으며, 원인이 비반복성인 겨웅가 반복성에 비해 작업 복귀에 걸린 기간이 짧았으나 연령이 증가할수록 작업 복귀에 걸린 기간이 길었다. 근골격계 질환 관리 프로그램 운영후 전년도 동일기간에 비해 요양자의 재해율은 유의하게 감소하였다. 결론 : 조선소 근로자의 요부질환은 비반복성 원인에 의해, 요부 질한 이외의 근골격계 질환은 반복성 손상에 의하여 주로 발생되며 근골격계 질환에 대한 전문가 집단의 중재적 보건관리 프로그램의 운영이 작업관련성 근골격계 질환으로 인한 재해율 저감에 효과가 있음을 시사하여 주고 있다. Objectives: This study was conducted to estimate the charateristic of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and the effect of intervention program in shipyard workers. Methods: information on work related absences, due to musculoskeletal disorders, were collected between January, 1 2000 and August, 31 2002. Age. duration of work, job type, anatomical site of disease, cause and duration of absence due to sickness were investigated. Results: From a total of 158 cases there were 108(68.9%) and 50(31.6%) cases of back, and other musculoskeletal complaints, respectively, 55(34.8%) of the cases were caused by repetitive trauma and 103(65.2%) were due to non-repetitive causes. 90(83.3%) of the back complaint cases were due to non-repetitive causes, but there was a repetitive cause of other musculoskeletal complaints in 37(74.0%) cases. Back complaints were higher in workers carrying heavy materials, but other musculoskeletal complaints were higher in painting workers. Half of workers after an absence due to sikness had returned to work within 32.0 weeks and 25.4 weeks. in the cases of back and other musculoskeletal complaints, repectively. After the application of an intervention program for musculoskeletal disease, the incidence rate of absence due to work-related musculoskeletal disorders was reduced significantly.

물리치료사의 직무관련 근골격계 통증과 직무 스트레스

용준형(Joon Hyoung Yong),이충휘(Chung Hwi Yi),권오윤(Oh Yun Kwon),전혜선(Hye Seon Jeon) 한국전문물리치료학회 2010 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study investigated the relationships between Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), contributing factors, and the occupational stress of physical therapists. Self-reported questionnaires were given to 180 physical therapists in Gangwon Province. Variables examined included the prevalence of pain sites related to WMSDs; pain intensity; pain pattern; and job stress, which is thought to involve the physical environment; job demand; insufficient job control; interpersonal conflict; job insecurity; organizational system; reward system; and occupational culture. Among physical therapists, work-related musculoskeletal pain commonly affected the low back(30.1%), shoulder(29.3%), and wrist(12.2%). the sites of work-related musculoskeletal pain treated medically were the low back(22.8%), shoulder (19.8%), neck(12.7%), and wrist (12.1%). "Repeating the same work constantly" was suggested to be the major cause of the pain. The younger therapists were significantly more likely to feel high job stress due to the physical environment (p<.05), job demand (p<.05), and organizational system (p<.01). Women were onre likely to feel grater job stress related to job demand, insufficient job control, the organization system, and job rewards. Men were more likely to feel greater job stress related to job demand, insufficient job control, the organization system, and job rewards. Men were more likely to feel grater job stress related to job insecurity. Weak positive relationships were observed between work-related musculoskeletal pain and job stress, which is thought to involve the physical environment; job demand; insufficient job control; interpersonal conflict; job insecurity; organizational system; reward system; and occupational culture. Physical therapists appear to be at higher risk of WMSDs because 80.1% of the physical therapists studied experienced work-related musculoskeletal pain. To reduce the risk, we need intervention strategies such as preventive education, ergonomically designed medical equipment, a psychosocial approach to work conditions, improved mechanical conditions related to therapeutic patterns, and an institutional infrastructure with sufficient personnel and scheduling.

Comparison of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders between Sedentary Work and Standing Work in Korea

Jongwon Lee,Sunghyoun Cho 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.10

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are known as chronic health hazards in the musculoskeletal system, resulting from minute injuries mainly in the joint regions and caused by repetitive manual work, inconvenient and awkward working postures, high labor intensity, excessive force, insufficient rest, cold working environments, or vibrations. The purpose of the present study is to judge whether low back pain and other musculoskeletal symptoms appear more significantly in sedentary work or standing work. The present study was conducted with 109 production workers of an electronic product manufacturing business that implement assembling processes along the flow of conveyor belts with typical sedentary work for eight working hours per day. In addition, it also included 116 production workers of a car component manufacturing business located in Gyeonggi-do that implement assembling processes in cell lines with typical standing work for eight working hours per day. More sedentary workers were shown to be pain complainants (21.1%) and management targets (54.1%) that felt pain in at least one region. Many complained of pain in the shoulder (15.6%) and the percentage of management targets among them was shown to be higher than standing workers were. As almost 70% of standing workers experiencing many physical burdens were shown to be healthy, except for those who were shown to be pain complainants, standing work is assumed to have healthy effects. As well, given that only 24.8% of sedentary workers were shown to be normal, sedentary workers should be managed through appropriate exercise therapy or health management.

교향악단 연주자의 근골격계장애와 관련요인

성낙정,사공준,정종학 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목 적 : 교향악단 연주자들의 근골격계 증상유병률 및 유병양상과 인구학적, 직업적 요인, 연주활동 관련요인 및 사회심리적 요인과의 관련성을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 방 법 : 3개 교향악단 연주자 156명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문조사를 이용하여 인구학적 특성, 연주활동관련 요인, 연주 및 일상생활의 변화양상, 사회심리적 요인, 근골격계 자각증상 등을 조사하였다. 결 과 : NIOSH의 근골격계장애 감시기준에 의한 증상유병률은 79.6 %였다. 부위별 발생빈도는 어깨, 등, 목, 손가락, 손목, 팔꿈치의 순서로 높았다. 이 연구에서 사용한 연구자들의 기준에 의한 증상유병률은 45.9%였으며 부위별 발생빈도는 NIOSH의 감시기준과 동일한 양상을 보였다. 비올라 연주자가 바이올린 연주자보다, 베이스 연주자가 첼로 연주자보다 증상유병률이 높았다. 현악기 연주자에서 부위별 증상유병률은 팔, 팔꿈치 및 손가락에서 좌측이 우측보다 유의하게 높았으며, 관악기 연주자는 팔 및 팔꿈치에서 좌측이 우측보다 유의하게 높았다. 단변량 분석에서는 근골격계 증상유병률은 연주수행과 관련된 정신신체적 긴장, 직무불만족도, 가정문제로 인한 개인적인 스트레스, 불규칙한 연습과 연주활동과 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 근골격계장애의 위험요인을 평가하기 위한 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석에서는 직무불만족도(교차비 1.26, 95 % 신뢰구간 1.07∼1.48), 가정문제로 인한 개인적 스트레스(교차비 2.34, 95 % 신뢰구간은 1.26∼5.95), 불규칙한 연습 및 연주활동(교차비 2.14, 95 % 신뢰구간 0.99∼4.64)이 유의한 변수로 선별되었다. 결 론 : 교향악단 연주자들의 근골격계장애를 예방하기 위해서는 연주활동을 수행함에 있어 연습량의 급격한 증가를 피하고 규칙적인 연습계획과 규칙적인 휴식이 필요하고 직무불만족도 등의 정신적 스트레스를 감소시키기 위한 방안이 필요하며 신장운동(stretch-ing exercise)의 보급과 교육이 연주자의 근골격계장애를 예방하는데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : Several studies have shown that performance related musculoskeletal disorders present a significant and common health problem for instrument players. This study was conducted to investigate the symptom prevalence rate of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders and rusk factors on symphony orchestra players. Methods : The symptom prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders and related factorsincluding demographic factors, occupational factors, psychosocial factors, practice and performance-related behaviors of on 156 symphony orchestra players in Taegu city were surveyed with a self-administered questionnaire. Results : Instrument players have performed for 14.6 years in average and worked 4.9 for years in average as a member of symphony orchestra. The subjects consisted of 106 string players, 48 wind players, and 8 percussion players. The symptom prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders according to the NIOSH surveillance criteria was 79.6 % and operational criteria by authors was 45.9 %. The prevalence rate of viola players was higher than violin players, and the prevalence rate of the bass players was higher than that of the cello players. In univariate analysis, job Insecurity, irregular performance, stress from family problems, and performance related psychosomatic strains had a significant association with the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders. In multiple logistic regression, job Insecurity, irregular performance, and stress from family problems were significant variables affecting the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders of instrument players. Conclusions : This study suggest that symphony orchestra players are high risk group of musculoskeletal disorders. Irregular performance schedule and psychosocial stress including job insecurity, and psychosomatic strain were important risk factors of players' musculoskeletal disorders. An exercise program such as stretching before and after performance, regular performance schedule and reduction of psychosocial stress might be helpful for prevention of musculoskeletal disorders of instrument players.

Risk Factors of Work-related Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders in Male Shipyard Workers: Structural Equation Model Analysis

Park, Byung-Chan,Cheong, Hae-Kwan,Kim, Eun-A,Kim, Soo-Geun Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2010 Safety and health at work Vol.1 No.2

Objectives: This study was conducted to develop a model describing the interaction between lifestyle, job, and postural factors and parts of the upper extremities in shipyard workers. Methods: A questionnaire survey was given to 2,140 workers at a shipyard in Ulsan City. The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding the subjects' general characteristics, lifestyle, tenure, physical burden, job control, posture and musculoskeletal symptoms. The overall relationship between variables was analyzed by a structural equation model (SEM). Results: The positive rate of upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms increased in employees who worked longer hours, had severe physical burden, and did not have any control over their job. Work with a more frequent unstable posture and for longer hours was also associated with an increased positive rate of musculoskeletal symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that unstable posture and physical burden were closely related to the positive rate of musculoskeletal symptoms after controlling for age, smoking, drinking, exercise, tenure, and job control. In SEM analysis, work-related musculoskeletal disease was influenced directly and indirectly by physical and job stress factors, lifestyle, age, and tenure (p < 0.05). The strongest correlations were found between physical factors and work-related musculoskeletal disease. Conclusion: The model in this study provides a better approximation of the complexity of the actual relationship between risk factors and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Among the variables evaluated in this study, physical factors (work posture) had the strongest association with musculoskeletal disorders.