인공와우이식 아동 말용인도의 예측 변인

윤미선(Yoon, Mi Sun) 한국음성학회 2014 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.6 No.4

Purposes: Speech acceptability means the subjective judgement of listeners regarding the naturalness and normality of the speech. The purpose of this study was to determine the predicting variables for speech acceptabilities of children with cochlear implants. Methods: Twenty seven children with CI participated. They had profound pre-lingual hearing loss without any additional disabilities. The mean of chronological ages was 8;9, and mean of age of implantation was 2;11. Speech samples of reading and spontaneous speech were recorded separately. Twenty college students who were not familiar to the speech of deaf children evaluated the speech acceptabilities using visual analog scale. 1 segmental (articulation) and 6 suprasegmental features (pitch, loudness, quality, resonance, intonation, and speaking rate) of speech were perceptually evaluated by 3 SLPs. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed to evaluate the predicting variables . Results: The means of speech acceptability for reading and spontaneous speech were 73.47 and 71.96, respectively. Speech acceptability of reading was predicated by the severity of intonation and articulation. Speech acceptability of spontaneous speech was predicated by the severity of intonation and loudness. Discussion and conclusion: Severity of intonation was the most effective variable to predict the speech acceptabilities of both reading and spontaneous speech. A further study would be necessary to generalize the result and to apply this result to intervention in clinical settings.

말속도와 강도 변조에 따른 경도 마비말장애 환자의 말 용인도 변화

김지연(Kim, Jiyoun),성철재(Seong, Cheoljae) 한국음성학회 2015 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.7 No.1

This study examined whether speech acceptability was changed under various conditions of prosodic manipulations. Both speech rate and voice loudness reportedly are associated with acceptability and intelligibility. Speech samples by twelve speakers with mild dysarthria were recorded. Speech rate and loudness changes were made by digitally manipulating habitual sentences. 3 different loudness levels (70, 75, & 80dB) and 4 different speech rates (normal, 20% rapidly, 20% slowly, & 40% slowly) were presented to 12 SLPs (speech language pathologists). SLPs evaluated sentence acceptability by 7-point Likert scale. Repeated ANOVA were conducted to determine if the prosodic type of resynthesized cue resulted in a significant change in speech acceptability. A faster speech rate (20% rapidly) rather than habitual and slower rates (20%, 40% slowly) resulted in significant improvement in acceptability ratings (p <.001). An increased vocal loudness (up to 80dB) resulted in significant improvement in acceptability ratings (p <.05). Speech rate and loudness changes in the prosodic properties of speech may contribute to improved acceptability.

마비말장애 화자의 말명료도와 말용인도 평가를 위한 청자 집단 간 청지각 능력 비교

이은경(Eun Kyoung Lee),김지채(Ji Chae Kim) 한국언어치료학회 2015 言語治療硏究 Vol.24 No.4

Purpose: Speech intelligibility and acceptability was a one of the most common dysarthric speech evaluated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of listener group and speech rate on speech intelligibility and acceptability in individuals with dysarthria. Methods: Twenty speech language pathologists and 20 naive listeners participated in the study.The professional group was composed of speech language pathologists with more than three years of experience treating dysarthria. The non-professional group was composed of university students with no speech language therapy experience or auditory training. Ten speakers with mild dysarthria were controlling the speech rate when reading a passage 'rabbit, rabbit' from BASA. Their speech was recorded. The speakers was read the passage repeated three times with different speech rates. The recorded samples were given at random to the listener to hear amd evaluated for intelligibility and acceptability.The perceptual judgement was made using an 10cm visual analog scale to evaluate speech intelligibility and acceptability.Results: (1) The score by the professional group was significantly higher than the non-professional group in speechintelligibility (2) The score by the professional group was significantly higher than the non-professional group in speech acceptability. Conclusions: The professional group was familiar with and are trained in dysarthric speech. For the non-professional groups it is difficult to understand because they are unfamiliar with dysarthric speech.

구강 개방 상태에 따른 말 명료도 및 말 용인도 특성

송윤경 (Song,Yunkyung) 한국음성학회 2011 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.3 No.3

There are many factors that affect speech intelligibility and speech acceptability. Structural anomalies and neuromotor pathologies are known for the reasons of abnormal speech sounds. And there are minor variations related to oral mechanism. Speaking with restricted mouth opening related to therapeutic procedure or habitual speech pattern might affect the quality of speech sounds. So this study compared speech intelligibility and speech acceptability of recorded 24 words in two conditions (restricted mouth opening condition and normal mouth opening condition) by 30 normal hearing adults. The results showed that speech intelligibility and speech acceptability were significantly lower in restricted mouth opening condition. And speech acceptability was significantly lower than speech intelligibility in restricted mouth opening condition. Speech acceptability in restricted mouth opening condition was significantly lower especially in open vowel. These findings indicated that the mouth opening condition could affect vowel shape and could be an adverse effect on speech intelligibility and speech acceptability.

구개열 아동의 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도 간의 상관연구

한진순(Jin Soon Han) 한국언어청각임상학회 2009 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.14 No.2

배경 및 목적: 조음장애에 대한 임상적 의사결정에는 자음정확도 외에 의사소통의 효율성에 대한 지표도 포함시키는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 구개열 아동의 문장발화에 대해 산출된 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도가 어떠한 관계를 갖는지 알아보는 데 그 목적이 있다.방법: 연령을 일치시킨 구개열 아동, 기능적 조음장애 아동, 일반 아동 각각 9명에게 8음절문장 7개를 따라 말하게 하여 63개 문장 발화의 자음정확도를 산출하였다. 그 다음, 문장 발화를 무선화하여 청취자료로 제작한 뒤 일반인 청취자 40명에게 들려주고 시각적 아날로그 척도를 사용하여 말 명료도와 말 용인도를 평정하게 하였다. 이후 전체 문장, 문장 유형별, 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도 수준별로 산출된 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도 간의상관분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 전체 문장에서 판정된 자음정확도와 말 명료도, 자음정확도와말 용인도, 그리고 말 명료도와 말 용인도 간의 상관은 세 아동 집단에서 모두 유의하였다.문장의 유형을 구분하여 자음정확도와 말 명료도, 자음정확도와 말 용인도의 관련성을 분석한결과, 각 집단별로 유의한 상관을 보인 문장 유형은 다르나 대체로 혓소리와 발달상 늦게습득되는 자음 문장에서 상관이 유의하였다. 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도의 수준에 따라 세 변인 간의 관련성을 분석한 결과, 대체로 말 명료도와 말 용인도 간의 상관 외에는유의하지 않았다. 논의 및 결론: 문장발화에서 판정된 자음정확도가 높을수록 말 명료도와말 용인도도 높게 평가될 수 있다. 자음정확도 외에 말 명료도와 말 용인도의 판정에 미칠수 있는 여러 조음 변인을 논의하였다. 말 명료도와 말 용인도 간의 상관도가 매우 높게 나타났으나, 두 변인에 작용하는 조음 변인이 다를 수 있음을 논의하였다 Background & Objectives: It is important to account for the index of communication effectiveness as well as the percentage of correct consonants (PCC) in clinical decision-making when treating patients with articulation-phonological disorders. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether there is a correlation among the PCC, speech intelligibility, and speech acceptability of children with cleft palate (CP). Methods: Nine children with cleft palate, nine children with functional articulation disorder, and nine children without developmental abnormalities, all three to six years of age and age-matched, participated in this study. All subjects were asked to repeat seven eight-syllable sentences. Each utterance was judged in regard to correct articulation of the target sounds, and a PCC score was calculated for each sentence. After listening to each sentence, 40 naive listeners were asked to rate both the speech intelligibility and speech acceptability of each sentence on a 10㎝ Visual Analog Scale. Results: The PCC scores, speech intelligibilities, and speech acceptabilities of the sentences produced by children with cleft palate were significantly related. A significant relationship among the PCC score, speech intelligibility, and speech acceptability ratings for lingual consonants and consonants that are generally acquired later during development was detected. The correlations between the PCC scores and the speech intelligibility ratings, and the PCC scores and the speech acceptability ratings were not significant when analyzed by level of PCC, speech intelligibility, and speech acceptability. Discussion & Conclusion: Although speech intelligibility and speech acceptability are influenced by PCC score, they are not interchangeable measures. Variables that may underlie the relationships between PCC, speech intelligibility, and speech acceptability was discussed.

구개열 아동, 기능적 조음장애 아동 및 일반 아동의 일음절 낱말 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도 비교

한진순(Jin Soon Han) 한국언어청각임상학회 2010 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.15 No.3

배경 및 목적: 구개열 화자의 임상에서 말소리 산출 특성뿐만 아니라 그 특성이 말 명료도나 말 용인도 등 의사소통의 효율성에 미치는 영향을 강조하고 있는 추세이다. 본 연구는 구개열 아동이 산출한 일음절 낱말의 자음정확도, 전사 말 명료도 및 평정 말 용인도가 기질적 문제가 없는 기능적 조음장애 아동과 정상 조음발달을 보이는 일반 아동에 비해 차이를 보이는지 알아보는 데 목적이 있었다. 방법: 구개열 아동 9명과 연령을 일치시킨 기능적 조음장애 아동 및 일반 아동 각 9명에게 15개의 CVC 일음절 낱말을 산출하게 하여 낱말 초성 자음정확도를 산출하였다. 이후 각 집단별로 일음절 낱말을 무선화하여 청취자료를 제작한 뒤 일반인 청취자 40명에게 들려주고 받아 적기 과제를 이용하여 전사 말 명료도를 산출하였다. 그리고 시각적 아날로그 척도를 사용하여 말 용인도를 평정하게 하였다. 이후 초성 전체, 조음위치, 조음방법 및 발성유형 구분에 따라 산출된 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도에서 세 아동 집단 간의 차이가 유의한지 검증하였다. 결과: 전체 자음정확도는 구개열 아동이 기능적 조음장애 아동과 일반 아동에 비해 낮았고, 기능적 조음장애 아동이 일반 아동에 비해 낮았다. 그러나 전체 말 명료도는 구개열 아동이 일반 아동에 비해 낮았으나, 구개열 아동과 기능적 조음장애 아동의 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 세 집단의 전체 말 용인도의 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 조음위치, 조음방법, 발성유형에 따라 구분하여 비교하였을 때 집단차가 유의한 것으로 나타난 자음의 종류 및 집단 대조는 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도에서 다소 다른 양상으로 나타났다. 논의 및 결론: 일음절 낱말에서도 조음수행 정도에서 크게 다르지 않은 아동들은 말 명료도와 말 용인도에서도 비슷한 평가를 받을 것으로 여겨지나 목표자음의 종류에 따라 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도는 다르게 평가될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도 판정에 미칠 수 있는 여러 변인에 대해 논의하였다. 『언어청각장애연구』, 2010;15;397-410. Background & Objectives: Accounting for the index of communication effectiveness as well as the percentage of correct consonants (PCC) in clinical decision-making is important when treating patients with articulation-phonological disorders. The purpose of the current study was to examine how the PCC derived from single words in children with cleft palate (CP) effects speech intelligibility and speech acceptability. The present study compared the PCC, the speech intelligibility, and the speech acceptability of CP children with those of children with functional articulation disorder and normally developing children. Methods: The present study consisted of three age-matched groups of children: nine with CP, nine with functional articulation disorder, and nine normal developing children. All subjects were asked to repeat seven 15 one-syllable words. Each word was judged in regard to correct articulation of the initial target sounds, and a PCC score was calculated for each word. After listening to each word, 40 naive listeners were asked to write down the word on a phoneme to phoneme basis and to rate the speech acceptability of each word on a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale. Results: The PCC of the words in children with CP was significantly lower than those of the children with functional articulation disorders and the typically developing children. However, the speech intelligibility of the words in children with CP was lower only in comparison to the typically developing children. Additionally, there was no significant difference among the three groups with regard to speech acceptability. Comparing the differences among the three groups of variables according to the classification of the target consonant, different tendencies were observed. Discussion & Conclusion: Even though speech intelligibility and speech acceptability are influenced by the PCC, they are not the same measures and represent different variables. Some possible variables which underlie the relationships among PCC, speech intelligibility, and speech acceptability are further discussed. (Korean Journal of Communication Disorders 2010;15;397-410)

구개열 아동과 일반 아동 및 기능적 조음장애 아동의 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도 비교

한진순(Jin Soon Han),심현섭(Hyun Sub Sim) 한국언어청각임상학회 2008 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.13 No.3

배경 및 목적: 본 연구는 구 개열 아동이 기질적 문제가 없는 기능적 조음장애 아동과 정상 조음발달을 보이는 일반 아동에 비 해 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도에서 차이를 보이는지 알아보는 데 그 목적이 있다. 방법: 연령을 일치시킨 구개열 아동, 기능적 조음장애 아동, 일반 아동 각각 9명씩에게 8음절 문장 7개를 따라말하게 하여 녹음한 후 전체문장 및 문장 유형별 자음정확도를 산출하였다. 이후 평정명료도 및 평정용인도 측정용 청취자료를 무선화하여 제작한 뒤 40명의 일반인 청취자로 하여금 시각적 아날로그 척도를 이용하여 평정명료도와 평정용인도를 판정하게 하였다. 이후 산출된 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도에서 세 집단의 차이가 유의한지 검증하였다. 결과: 전반적으로 구개열 아 동 집단이 일반 아동 집단에 비해 유의하게 낮은 자음정확도, 말 명료도 및 말 용인도를 보였으나, 구개열 아동과 기능적 조음장애 아동 집단 간의 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 그러나 일부 유형의 문장 에서는 다른 경향성이 나타나기도 하였다. 논의 및 결론: 조음수행 정도에서 크게 다르지 않은 아 동 집단들은 말 명료도와 말 용인도에서도 비슷한 평가를 받을 것으로 기대할 수 있다. 그러나 목 표자음에 따라 자음정확도가 낮아도 말 명료도는 높을 수 있으며, 자음정확도가 제한되므로 말 용 인도는 자음정확도보다 더 낮게 평가될 수 있다. Background & Objectives: The purpose of current study was to examine how the Percentage of Correct Consonants (PCC) derived from the speech of the children with cleft palate (CP) have effects on the speech intelligibility and on the speech acceptability. For this, the present study compared the PCC, the speech intelligibility, and the speech acceptability of the CP children with those of the children with functional articulation disorder and the normally developing children. Methods: Three to six year olds age-matched 9 children with cleft palate, 9 children with functional articulation disorder, and 9 normal developing children participated in this study as speakers. All subjects were asked to repeat seven 8-syllable sentences. The judgment of the correct articulation of the target sound was made and then the PCC was calculated for each sentence. After listening each sentence, 40 naive listeners were asked to rate both speech intelligibility and speech acceptability of each sentence on the 10 cm line of Visual Analog Scale. Results: The PCC, speech intelligibility, and speech acceptability of the sentences in cleft palate children were significantly lower than the normal children in general. Discussion & Conclusion: Even though the speech intelligibility and speech acceptability are influenced by the PCC, they are not the same measures.

시상식 수상 소감의 화용론적 분석

조희영 ( Jo Heeyeong ),김지현 ( Kim Jihyun ) 한국화법학회 2020 화법연구 Vol.0 No.50

The purpose of this study is to categorize the various expressions used in an awards ceremony as part of an “award acceptance speech” to examine their characteristics and establish a pragmatic system of awards impressions. This study revealed the overall characteristics and systems of awards acceptance speeches that were not discussed in the existing literature on speech acts. First, we classified the award acceptance speeches in the speech act and identified the characteristics through the object, purpose, and content. Subsequently, 132 awards acceptance speeches of three broadcasting companies in 2019, Drama Acting Awards, Entertainment Awards, and Blue Dragon Film Awards, were analyzed to identify the actual impressions of Korean speakers’ award acceptance speeches. Through these analyses, the impressions of the award acceptance speech were classified and the pragmatic characteristics of the speeches were summarized.

응대화행의 간접화행에 관한 연구

정종수 ( Jong Su Jeong ) 한국현대언어학회 2014 언어연구 Vol.29 No.4

This study aims to identify that there is a indirect speech-act in each responses to stimuli, and to show relevant patterns in which responsive speech-acts appear. This study defines ten basic responsive speech-acts ‘affirming speech-acts, denying speech-acts, rejecting response speech-act, description question response speech-acts, sympathizing speech-acts, non-sympathizing speech- acts, accepting speech-acts, refusing speech-acts, allowing speech-acts, non-allowing speech-acts. Also, just like the responses to request, responsive speech-acts can be divided into a direct speech-act and an indirect speech-act. In a direct speech-act, description question response speech-acts appear the forms of statement, but another speech-acts appear the forms of exclamation. In a indirect speech-act, affirming speech-acts appear the forms of statement, expression, and question. And denying speech-acts appear the forms of statement, expression, question, and order. And rejecting response speech-acts appear the forms of statement and question. And description question response speech-acts appear the forms of question. And sympathizing speech-acts appear the forms of statement and expression. And non-sympathizing speech-acts appear the forms of statement and question. And accepting speech-acts appear the forms of statement, expression, question, and appointment. And refusing speech-acts appear the forms of statement, expression, order, and appointment. And allowing speech-acts appear the forms of statement and expression. And non-allowing speech- acts. appear the forms of statement, expression, order, and proposal. (Hanyang University)

/ㅅ, ㅆ/ 음소의 치간음화에 따른 말 명료도 및 말 용인도 특성

송윤경(Yun-Kyung Song) 한국청각언어재활학회 2018 Audiology and Speech Research Vol.14 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the scores of speech intelligibility and speech acceptability in normal and interdentalized Korean fricative /s, s*/ in word and sentence level. Methods: 36 words with /s, s*/ sounds and 10 sentences with /s, s*/ sounds words were recorded by two women with R-05 Wave/MP3 Recorder (Roland). After listening the normal and interdentalized /s, s*/ words and sentences, 54 female undergraduate students scored the speech intelligibility and speech acceptability. Results: The scores of speech intelligibility and speech acceptability in interdentalized /s, s*/ words and sentences were significantly lower than the scores of those in normal Korean /s, s*/ words and sentences. And the scores of speech acceptability were significantly lower than those of speech intelligibility in interdentalized /s, s*/ words and sentences. Conclusion: These results showed that the general female undergraduate students were impressed the words and sentences with interdentalized /s, s*/ were less intelligible and less acceptable rather than normal /s, s*/ words and sentences. These results can be applied to diagnosis and treatment of subjects with interdentalized fricative /s, s*/ in Korean.