지진에 대비한 기존 건축물의 내진보강 활성화를 위한 지원제도 방안

하기주,이동렬 대한건축학회지회연합회 2022 Vol.24 No.6

In order to protect the lives and property of the people in the event of an earthquake and minimize social and economic damage, we have continuously established legal grounds for seismic design of buildings on a national level. In particular, under the Earthquake and Volcanic Disaster Countermeasures Law, existing buildings will be completed before the seismic design standards are established or strengthened. Therefore, it is judged that it is difficult to achieve the seismic performance level required by the current seismic design standards. Budget support for domestic public buildings is continuously expanding in order to further increase the seismic retrofitting rate by 17% by 2025 (the overall seismic retrofitting rate is equivalent to 62.6%), but compared to private buildings. Is an inadequate reality. Therefore, in order to establish a policy and institutional foundation for activating seismic retrofitting of existing buildings, we raised awareness of the need for seismic retrofitting of buildings to which seismic retrofitting has not been applied, and built buildings by implementing seismic retrofitting. Ensuring safety is required. Therefore, in this study, in order to activate seismic retrofitting of existing buildings in Japan in preparation for an earthquake, we will look at the current state of the seismic retrofitting support system for domestic buildings, and plan a support system for activating seismic retrofitting of existing buildings. 지진에 대비하여 국민의 생명과 재산을 보호하고 사회· 경제적 피해를 최소화하기 위하여 국가적 차원에서 건축물의 내진설계를 위한 법적인 근거를 지속적으로 마련하고 있다. 특히 지진·화산재해대책법에서는 기존 건축물의 내진설계기준이 제정되거나 강화되기 이전에 준공되어 현행 내진설계기준에서 요구하는 내진성능수준을 달성하기 어려울 것으로 판단된다. 국내의 공공건축물은 2025년까지 추가로 내진보강율을 17% 더 높이기 위하여(전체 내진성능 확보율은 62.6%에 해당) 예산지원이 지속적으로 확대되고 있으나, 민간 건축물에 대한 대비는 미흡한 실정이다. 그러므로 기존 건축물의 내진보강 활성화를 위한 정책 및 제도적 기반을 마련하기 위하여 내진설계가 미적용된 건축물의 내진보강 필요성에 대한 인식을 제고하1여야 한다. 또한 기존 민간건축물의 내진보강 실시를 통한 건축물의 안전성 확보가 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지진에 대비한 국내 기존 건축물의 내진보강 활성화를 위하여 국내 건축물 내진보강 지원제도 현황을 살펴보고, 기존 건축물의 내진보강 활성화를 위한 지원제도 방안을 제시하였다.

지진에 대비한 기존 건축물의 내진보강 활성화를 위한 지원제도 방안

하기주,이동렬 대한건축학회지회연합회 2022 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.24 No.6

In order to protect the lives and property of the people in the event of an earthquake and minimize social and economic damage, we have continuously established legal grounds for seismic design of buildings on a national level. In particular, under the Earthquake and Volcanic Disaster Countermeasures Law, existing buildings will be completed before the seismic design standards are established or strengthened. Therefore, it is judged that it is difficult to achieve the seismic performance level required by the current seismic design standards. Budget support for domestic public buildings is continuously expanding in order to further increase the seismic retrofitting rate by 17% by 2025 (the overall seismic retrofitting rate is equivalent to 62.6%), but compared to private buildings. Is an inadequate reality. Therefore, in order to establish a policy and institutional foundation for activating seismic retrofitting of existing buildings, we raised awareness of the need for seismic retrofitting of buildings to which seismic retrofitting has not been applied, and built buildings by implementing seismic retrofitting. Ensuring safety is required. Therefore, in this study, in order to activate seismic retrofitting of existing buildings in Japan in preparation for an earthquake, we will look at the current state of the seismic retrofitting support system for domestic buildings, and plan a support system for activating seismic retrofitting of existing buildings.

교량의 생애주기비용 효율적인 최적 내진보강과 유지관리전략 : (Ⅰ) 생이주기 지진신뢰성해석 프로그램 개발

이광민(Lee Kwang-Min),최은수(Choi Eun-Soo),조효남(Cho Hyo-Nam),안형준(An Hyoung-Jun) 대한토목학회 2006 대한토목학회논문집 A Vol.26 No.6A

지진하중에 대한 구조물의 생애주기비용 최적설계나 성능개선을 위해서는 생애주기 지진신뢰성해석에 기초한 접근이 불가피하다. 최근 몇몇 연구자들이 생애주기비용에 기초한 구조물의 내진설계 및 성능개선을 위한 방법론은 제안하여 왔지만, 대부분의 연구가 생애주기비용 산정을 위한 방법론 개발에 중점을 둔 연구이다. 따라서 대부분의 기존연구에서는 열화하는 구조물의 생애주기 지진신뢰성해석에 있어서 내진보강, 유지관리, 그리고 환경적 열화와 같은 주요한 인자들을 고려하지 못한 것이 사실이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 교량의 체계적인 생애주기 지진신뢰성해석 방법론을 제안하였고, 교량의 지진신뢰성해석을 위한 프로그램인 HPYER-DRAIN2DX-DS를 개발하였다. 개발된 프로그램은 내진보강이나 유지전략의 적용유무에 따른 예제교량의 생애주기 지진신뢰성해석 문제에 적용되었으며, 이를 통해 프로그램의 적용성을 검토해 보았다. 적용 예를 통해 본 연구에서 개발된 HPYER-DRAIN2DX-DS는 지진에 대한 교량의 생애주기비용 최적설계 내진보강 및 유지관리에 있어서 매우 유용한 도구로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. A realistic lifetime seismic-reliability based approach is unavoidable to perform Life-Cycle Cost (LCC)-effective optimum design, maintenance, and retrofitting of structures against seismic risk. So far, though a number of researchers have proposed the LCe-based seismic design and retrofitting methodologies, most researchers have only focused on the methodological point. Accordingly, in most works, they have not been quantitatively considered critical factors such as the effects of seismic retrofit, maintenance, and environmental stressors on lifetime seismic reliability assessment of deteriorating structures. Thus, in this study, a systemic lifetime seismic reliability analysis methodology is proposed and a program HPYER-DRAIN2DX-DS is developed to perform the desired lifetime seismic reliability analysis. To demonstrate the applicability of the program, it is applied to an example bridge with or without seismic retrofit and maintenance strategies. From the numerical investigation, it may be positively stated that HYPER-DRATN2DX-DS can be utilized as a useful numerical tool for LCC-effective optimum seismic design, maintenance, and retrofitting of bridges.

기존 학교 건축물의 내진성능평가 및 보강방안 제안

황지훈(Hwang, Ji-Hoon),장정현(Jang, Jeong-Hyun),양경석(Yang, Kyeong-Seok),최재혁(Choi, Jae-Hyouk) 한국교육시설학회 2012 敎育施設 Vol.19 No.4

Recently large scale earthquake s are occurred around the world following the damage of buildings. So the interest of preparing for earthquake seismic design and seismic performance has becoming high. School buildings are though used for educational purpose; they are also used as emergency shelter for local residents during earthquake disaster. However, the current seismic design ratio of our country (Korea) is 3.7% and if massive earthquake is occurred it follows a serious damage. In order to overcome this situation, seismic performance evaluation is carried out for existing school building and an accurate and appropriate seismic retrofit is required based on performance evaluation to upgrade the existing school buildings. In this paper, nonlinear static analysis on existing school buildings for ATC-40 and FEMA-356 are carried out using the capacity spectrum method to evaluate seismic performance and to determine the need for retrofitting. In addition, after reinforcement to verify the effect of retrofit enhance the seismic performance is applied the seismic performance evaluation is carried out to verify the effect of seismic retrofit time history analysis using nonlinear dynamic analysis is also performed and nonlinear behavior of earthquake load of seismic retrofit of structures was also investigated.

Seismic retrofit of steel structures with re-centering friction devices using genetic algorithm and artificial neural network

Mohamed Nour Eldin,Masoum M,Jinkoo Kim 국제구조공학회 2023 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.47 No.2

In this study, a new recentering friction device (RFD) to retrofit steel moment frame structures is introduced. The device provides both self-centering and energy dissipation capabilities for the retrofitted structure. A hybrid performance-based seismic design procedure considering multiple limit states is proposed for designing the device and the retrofitted structure. The design of the RFD is achieved by modifying the conventional performance-based seismic design (PBSD) procedure using computational intelligence techniques, namely, genetic algorithm (GA) and artificial neural network (ANN). Numerous nonlinear time-history response analyses (NLTHAs) are conducted on multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) and single-degree of freedom (SDOF) systems to train and validate the ANN to achieve high prediction accuracy. The proposed procedure and the new RFD are assessed using 2D and 3D models globally and locally. Globally, the effectiveness of the proposed device is assessed by conducting NLTHAs to check the maximum inter-story drift ratio (MIDR). Seismic fragilities of the retrofitted models are investigated by constructing fragility curves of the models for different limit states. After that, seismic life cycle cost (LCC) is estimated for the models with and without the retrofit. Locally, the stress concentration at the contact point of the RFD and the existing steel frame is checked being within acceptable limits using finite element modeling (FEM). The RFD showed its effectiveness in minimizing MIDR and eliminating residual drift for low to mid-rise steel frames models tested. GA and ANN proved to be crucial integrated parts in the modified PBSD to achieve the required seismic performance at different limit states with reasonable computational cost. ANN showed a very high prediction accuracy for transformation between MDOF and SDOF systems. Also, the proposed retrofit showed its efficiency in enhancing the seismic fragility and reducing the LCC significantly compared to the un-retrofitted models.

Steel hysteretic column dampers for seismic retrofit of soft-first-story structures

Mohammad Mahdi Javidan,Jinkoo Kim 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.37 No.3

In this study a new hysteretic damper for seismic retrofit of soft-first story structures is proposed and its seismic retrofit effect is evaluated. The damper consists of one steel column member and two flexural fuses at both ends made of steel plates with reduced section, which can be placed right beside existing columns in order to minimize interference with passengers and automobiles in the installed bays. The relative displacement between the stories forms flexural plastic hinges at the fuses and dissipate seismic energy. The theoretical formulation and the design procedure based on plastic analysis is provided for the proposed damper, and the results are compared with a detailed finite-element (FE) model. In order to apply the damper in structural analysis, a macromodel of the damper is also developed and calibrated by the derived theoretical formulas. The results are compared with the detailed FE analysis, and the efficiency of the damper is further validated by the seismic retrofit of a case study structure and assessing its seismic performance before and after the retrofit. The results show that the proposed hysteretic damper can be used effectively in reducing damage to soft-first story structures.

학교 건축물 내진보강 시공현장 관리를 위한 가이드라인 개발 및 적용에 관한 연구

황은아 ( Hwang Eun-a ),이병호 ( Lee Byoung-ho ),박구병 ( Park Ku-byoung ) 한국건축시공학회 2020 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.20 No.1

The government seismic retrofit project for educational facilities is progressing more actively due to the 2018 Pohang earthquake. It is most important that seismic retrofit constructions are conformed to seismic design to achieve the desired purpose of the project as reduce direct damage caused by earthquake. However, the construction supervision system is not mandatory for the retrofit construction site of small buildings including school buildings according to applicable laws and regulations. The purpose of this study was to develop a guide for constructions management of school building seismic retrofit. In order to achieve this goal, the survey on the construction site was conducted and various problems related to the construction site of school building seismic retrofit was derived Additionally, the systematic checklist was presented according to the user and seismic reinforcement method.

성능스펙트럼법을 이용한 기존 학교 건축물의 내진성능평가 및 보강효과 검증

장정현 ( Jeong Hyun Jang ),황지훈 ( Ji Hoon Hwang ),양경석 ( Kyeong Seok Yang ),( Kamiya Takashi ),최재혁 ( Jae Hyouk Choi ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2012 공학기술논문지 Vol.5 No.1

Large scale earthquake was occurred in different parts of the world like Japan (in 1995), Republic of Pakistan (2005), in China (2008) etc and enormous structures were damaged. As a result of collapse of school buildings structures numerous students are died and it had a big impact on the international community. Therefore, the interest of preparing the seismic resistant school building structures in our country is increases as school building are used as emergency shelter for local residents. But the current standard of seismic design ratio of 3.7% is applied for school building in Korea which is only significant earthquake damage is expected. In order to overcome the current situation, seismic performance evaluation is carried out for the existing school building and an accurate and appropriate seismic retrofit is required based on performance evaluation to upgrade the existing school buildings. In this paper, nonlinear analysis on existing school buildings for ATC-40(Applied Technology Council, ATC) and FEMA-356(Federal Emergency Management Agency, FEMA) are carried out using the capacity spectrum method to evaluate seismic performance and to determine the need for retrofitting. In addition after reinforcement to enhance the seismic performance is applied the seismic perfor-mance evaluation is carried out to verify the effectiveness of seismic retrofit.

Experimental study on steel hysteretic column dampers for seismic retrofit of structures

Mohammad Mahdi Javidan,Seungho Chun,Jinkoo Kim 국제구조공학회 2021 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.40 No.4

In this research, the seismic performance of a steel column damper is evaluated using cyclic loading tests of two one-story one-bay reinforced concrete (RC) frames before and after retrofit. The theoretical formulation and design procedure of the damper are explained first and then the details of the tests are described. The seismic performances of the test frames are evaluated in terms of hysteretic behavior, energy dissipation, crack pattern, failure mechanism, and damper behavior. The analytical model of the damper is established and verified using the experimental data. In order to further investigate the applicability of the developed damper for seismic retrofit, a case-study structure is chosen and retrofitted using the proposed damper. The seismic performance of the structure is evaluated and compared before and after retrofit in detail using pushover, nonlinear time-history, and fragility analyses. The results show that the presented damper can efficiently reduce inter-story drifts and damage of the structure. The details of modeling techniques and simulations given in this study can provide guidelines and insight into nonlinear analysis and retrofit of RC structures.

Seismic Retrofit of Structures Using Steel Honeycomb Dampers

이민희,이준호,김진구 한국강구조학회 2017 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the seismic performance of a honeycomb shaped steel hysteretic damper applied to seismic retrofit or strengthening of a structure. The formulas for the initial stiffness and yield strength of a damper unit were derived based on the cell wall bending model, and the results were compared with those obtained from finite element analysis. Bilinear model of the honeycomb damper was developed based on the nonlinear force-displacement relationship obtained from finite element analysis. The honeycomb dampers were applied for seismic retrofit of a 15-story apartment building designed without considering seismic load and for seismic design of a 3-story moment frame designed with reduced seismic load. The analysis results showed that the honeycomb dampers were effective in the enhancement of seismic-load resisting capacity of the model structures.