철도운영기관 안전시스템 비교 연구

박준형(Jun Hyoung Park),양진송(Jin Song Yang),장승민(Seung Min Jang),류경수(Kyung Su Ryu),박정수(Jung Soo Park) 한국철도학회 2017 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.05

117년 대한민국 철도는 과거 일제강점기 철도안전시스템을 기반으로 본격적인 철도운영을 시작했고 점차 국내에 맞는 방향으로 발전하였다. 최근 5호선 김포공항 역 PSD 사망사고, 2016년 경주지진 발생 등 휴먼에러 및 자연재해와 관련된 철도사고가 발생됨으로 그 우려가 커지고 있으며 철도안전시스템 보완이 중요시 되고 있다. 철도사고로 인한 인명 및 재산 피해를 줄이기 위해서는 현재 최고의 철도안전시스템을 갖추고 있는 일본과 한국의 철도안전시스템을 비교 연구해 봄으로써 적용방안을 검토하고자 한다. 본 연구는 현재의 서울과 도쿄, 오사카 도시철도에서 적용되고 있는 철도안전시스템 사례들을 차량, 설비, 역사, 철도종사자 측면에서 알아보고 국내 도시철도의 안전시스템을 보완해 나갈 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. Korean railway in 117 start regular railway operation based on period of Japanese occupation’s railway safety systems and gradually develop to domestic way. Recently, railway accidents related to human errors and natural disasters such as the death of PSD in Gimpo Airport Station in line 5 and the earthquake in Gyeongju in 2016 have increased, and supplementing the railway safety system is becoming more important. In order to reduce the loss of life and property caused by railway accidents, we will review the application of railway safety systems of Japan and Korea, which have the best railway safety systems by comparing them. This study aims to identify the examples of railway safety systems currently applied in Seoul, Tokyo, and Osaka metropolitan railway in terms of vehicles, facilities, station, railway workers and suggest way to supplement the safety system of domestic urban railways.

Development of the Assessment Indicators for Railway Safety

Song, Bo-Young,Moon, Dae-Seop,Lee, Hi Sung The Korean Society for Railway 2012 International Journal of Railway Vol.5 No.4

This study proposes a model for railway safety assessment with which the safety of whole railway system can be evaluated. The purpose of the assessment model is to generate safety indicators which quantitatively represent the degree of railway safety. Safety indicators were proposed as three indicators according to their functions; accident indicators, safety management indicators, and safety culture indicators. This paper describes the first result on the safety target which will be a key starting point toward the development of safety assessment model. It is recommended that the safety target to be composed of several sub-targets are apportioned to constituent components. It is concluded that the classification of safety target has influence on deciding components or attributes that constitute each sub-indicators; accident indicators, safety management indicators, and safety culture indicators. Based on this study, a railway safety assessment model will be developed in the following study.

Development of the Assessment Indicators for Railway Safety

Bo-Young Song,Dae-Seop Moon,Hi Sung Lee 한국철도학회 2012 International Journal of Railway Vol.5 No.4

QRA를 이용한 철도터널 방재 안전성 평가

김도식(Do-Sik Kim),김도형(Do-Hyung Kim),김우성(Woo-Sung Kim),이두화(Du-Hwa Lee),이호석(Ho-Seok Lee) 한국암반공학회 2006 터널과지하공간 Vol.16 No.5

최근 신설철도가 계획되거나 선형개량공사가 증가함에 따라 터널 구조물이 장대화되고 있다. 장대터널에서 터널내 열차화재 등이 발생하는 경우 대형사고를 초래할 수 있으므로 터널 방재에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있으며, 이에 따른 터널 방재기준도 더욱 강화되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 터널계획시 방재기준을 만족하면서 위험도를 최소화할 수 있는 최적 방재시설물 계획이 요구되고 있다. 이와 같이 합리적인 장대터널 방재 설계를 위해서는 열차사고 통계분석 및 피난시뮬레이션을 기초로 한 보다 객관적이며, 정량적인 평가가 필요하다 할 수 있으며, 이를 위해서 본 연구에서는 정량적 위험도 분석기법인 QRA (Quantitative Risk Assessment)를 철도터 널에서의 방재설계에 적용하고자 하였다. 대상터널은 연장 약 4.1 ㎞의 산악터널(사례 Ⅰ)과 연장 약 3.6 ㎞인 도시지역터널(사례 Ⅱ)로서 두 터널 모두 철도터널 관련 방재기준보다 향상된 터널방재성능이 요구되어, 도시지역 안전기준에 만족하는 합리적인 터널내 방재구조물 계획을 수립하기 위하여 정량적 위험도분석을 실시하였다. 장대터널에서의 갱외탈출로 개념의 사갱 및 수직구 계획을 수립하기 위하여 각각의 경우에 대한 QRA를 실시하고, 장대터널의 방재 안정성을 평가함으로써 실행 가능한 합리적인 수준의 터널 방재설계를 수행하고자 하였다. Recently, as the construction of new railway and the relocation of existing line increase, tunnel structures grow longer. The railway fire accidents in long tunnel bring large damages of human life and disaster. The interest of safety in long tunnel have a growing and the safety standard of long tunnel is tightening. For that reason, at the planning of long tunnel, the optimum design of safety facility in long tunnel for minimizing the risks and satisfying the safety standard is needed. For the reasonable design of long railway tunnel considering high safety, qualitative estimation for tunnel safety is required. In this study, QRA (Quantitative Risk Assessment) technique is applied to design of long railway tunnel for assuring the safety function and estimating the risk of safety. The case study for safety design in long railway tunnel is carried out to verifying the QRA technique for two railway tunnels. Thus, the inclined and vertical shaft for escape way and safety facilities in long tunnel are planned, and the risks of tunnel safety for each case are estimated quantitatively.

실시간 철도안전 의사결정지원시스템 개발에 관한 기초연구

염병수 ( Byeong Soo Yum ),이원태 ( Won Tae Lee ),장정욱 ( Jeong Wook Jang ),갈원모 ( Won Mo Gal ) 대한설비관리학회 2016 대한설비관리학회지 Vol.21 No.1

The recent increase of railway traffic volume and improvement in train operation speed has lead to a rise in the national awareness of and public demand for railway safety. As a result, the establishment of safety measures is urgently required. Together with the importance of railway as a key form of infrastructure and the most efficient means for human and material exchange to help determine the competitiveness and growth of national industry, the necessity to secure railway safety is being emphasized. Accordingly, with a goal to prevent railway accidents, this study was conducted to develop a system that extracts safety-related data, such as information about rolling stock failure and the conditions of tracks, power facilities and structures that can lead to accidents, establishes big data on railway safety using the extracted data, provides data modeling and accident prediction results in real-time to railway engineers and controllers, and thus improves decision-making ability for appropriate accident risk control and accident handling.

Suggestions of Development Methodology for Railway Software

Eui-jin Joung,Kyung-ho Shin 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7

One of the main concerns of railway system is to secure safety. Nowadays digital technology has been rapidly applied to safety critical system. The digital system performs more varying and highly complex functions efficiently compared to the existing analog system because software can be flexibly designed and implemented. The flexible design makes it difficult to predict the software failures. For this reason, the safety criteria are suggested to secure the software safety for the field of railway system. Following them, the railway software has to be examined whether it is properly developed according to the safety criteria and certification process. Also because the articles suggested in safety criteria are written in legal term, it is difficult to apply the criteria to develop railway software. This paper suggests and discusses a development methodology to solve these issues.

철도선로용 안전펜스 개발

김준영(Jun-Yeong Kim),성덕룡(Deok-Yong Sung),박성현(Sung-Hyun Park),김장규(Jang-Kyu Kim) 한국철도학회 2016 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

철도교통사고는 매년 감소하고 있는 상황이다. 하지만 철도교통사고 원인 중 교통사상사고의 비중이 51.3%로 가장 많으며, 교통사상사고 원인 중 자살사고 다음으로 선로근접 및 무단통행으로 인한 사고가 높은 비율을 차지하고 있다. 이러한 선로근접 및 무단통행 사고를 원천적으로 예방하기 위해 본 연구에서는 철도선로용 안전펜스를 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 국내외 철도선로용 안전펜스 사례를 조사하였고, 국내 안전펜스에 대한 문제점 및 시사점을 분석하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 열차운행에 지장 없이 선로근접 및 무단통행으로 인한 사고를 예방할 수 있는 철도선로용 안전펜스를 개발하였다. Railway traffic accident is decreasing annually, but the portion of railway casualty accidents is the highest 51.3%, and the secondly high cause of railway casualty accidents is a track approach and without-permission passing. For prevention of these accidents, this study developed the safety fence for railway. This study researched domestic and foreign examples of a safety fence for railway, analyzed problems and implications of domestic safety fences. Therefore, this study developed the railway safety barrier fence which can prevent railway casualty accidents of a track approach and without-permission passing, without any effect of operation of trains.

Review of Safety Activity Process for Safety Enhancement of Railway Signaling System

( Jong Gyu Hwang ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2011 International Journal of Safety Vol.10 No.2

As safety-related regulations for signaling systems are standardized to IEC 61508 and 62425, and others at the international level, safety activities and its verification are required. And also there is need to develop technologies for safety improvement to secure safety signaling systems in terms of technologies for safety activities on each life-cycle, in this paper it is reviewed the safety activity processes and technologies each steps of proposed processes respectively for railway signaling systems.

실시간 철도 안전관제를 위한 통합 감시 · 제어 시스템 구조 설계

박윤정(Y.J.Park),황인태(I.T.Hwang),김상암(S.A.Kim) 한국도시철도학회 2016 한국도시철도학회논문집 Vol.4 No.4

The present railway safety system gathers a large amount of information from installed sensors and measuring instruments, and uses the collected information for instant warning and maintenance. However, the collected information cannot be used for prediction of potential accidents, and integrated information system for real-time safe-driving supporting technology does not exist yet. Thus, we have been focused on the development of IoT-based safety information system for analysis and prediction of potential accidents by integrating primary information in the safety-related zone and for preventing various railway incidents. We have researched on real-time safety control platform, safety scanning information interface device, risk and big data based accidents prediction system and improvement of existing safety scanning devices, together with many participating institutes. In this paper, we introduce Real-time Railway Safety Monitoring and Control system and its internal design to achieve our goals for railway safety. In the near future, we install our system at Wonju-Gangneung line which is one of the actual running routes, as a testbed to verify performance and reliability of the system.

철도신호시스템의 안전 설계를 위한 개선된 안전성 적용 조건 도출 방법

백영구(Young-Goo Baek),이재천(Jae-Chon Lee) 한국산학기술학회 2017 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.18 No.11

철도 분야에서의 최근 수년간의 사고 통계에 의하면, 관련 기술 발전과 안전정보 관리시스템의 구축으로 사고발생빈도가 현저히 줄고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 운영 및 유지보수에서의 오류와 안전설계에서의 결함으로 인한 사고는 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 이에 따라 철도사고를 예방하기 위해, 철도차량 개발 시 안전성을 고려하는 설계 및 제작을 위한 지침이 작성되었고, 이와 더불어 안전 설계에 대한 독립적인 안전성평가의 수행에 대한 요구가 제시되었다. 이를 충족시키기 위해 철도시스템 개발업체는 안전성 활동 산출물인 Safety Case를 작성해야 한다. 이에 따라 Safety Case의 주요 항목 중 하나인 안전성 적용조건 (SRAC: Safety-Related Application Conditions)의 도출 및 관리에 대한 중요성이 커지고 있다. 지금까지 보고 된 SRAC에 관한 연구 결과에서는 도출 절차의 간략성과 설계단계에서의 특정 안전성 활동 분석 방법에만 초점을 맞추고 있다. 이러한 방법은 SRAC 항목 들을 빠르게 도출 할 수 있는 장점이 있지만, 안전성 측면에서 고려되어야 할 중요한 항목들이 누락될 위험이 존재한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 시스템 수명주기 전반에 걸쳐 안전성 설계 및 안전성 평가 활동을 수행하고 이를 기반으로 SRAC의 도출방법의 개선 방안을 제안한다. 이렇게 함으로써 SRAC를 보다 체계적으로 도출 및 관리를 수행할 수 있는데, 특히 설계 초기단계에서부터 SRAC를 고려함으로써 안전성 요구사항을 최대한 반영한 안전설계가 가능하다. 또한 철도신호시스템에 대한 적용사례 연구를 통하여 본 논문에서 제시하는 방법이 시스템 수명주기 전체에 걸쳐 SRAC를 고려함으로써 중요한 안전성 관련 항목들의 누락이 줄어들 수 있음을 보여준다. According to the railway accident statistics in recent years, the frequency of accidents has been significantly reduced, due to the advance of related technologies and the establishment of safety information management systems. Nonetheless, accidents due to errors in the operation and maintenance phase and faults in safety design continue to occur. Therefore, to prevent accidents, guidelines for the safety design and manufacture of railway vehicles were established, and a request for the independent safety evaluation of safety designs was made. To respond to this, rail system developers must prepare safety cases as a safety activity product. One of the main items of these safety cases is the safety-related application conditions (SRAC) and, thus, the question of how to develop these SRAC is an important one. The SRAC studies reported so far focused only on the simplicity of the derivation procedure and the specific safety activities in the design phase. This method seems to have the advantage of quickly deriving SRAC items. However, there is a risk that some important safety-related items may be missing. As such, this paper proposes an improved method of developing the SRAC based on the idea of performing both the safety design and safety evaluation activities throughout the whole system lifecycle. In this way, it is possible to develop and manage the SRAC more systematically. Especially, considering the SRAC from the initial stage of the design can allow the safety requirements to be reflected to a greater extent. Also, an application case study on railway signaling systems shows that the method presented herein can prevent the omission of important safety-related items, due to the consideration of the SRAC throughout the system lifecycle.