토공작업의 데이터 교환 개선을 위한 스마트 글래스 활용

문성우,문창곤 대한토목학회 2017 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.37 No.1

Earthwork is to level or excavate the ground to provide a space for installing structures. A large number of construction equipment suchas excavators, dozers, and dump trucks are put into the earthwork operation. The equipment operators need to constantly communicate with each other during the operation. In the earthwork operation, therefore, the process should be analyzed on the equipment operation to improve the effectiveness of communication. The objective of this study is to understand the earthwork process, and improve the effectiveness of data interface by adopting the smart glass technology. In the study, the general process of earthwork is modeled using a process diagram. The data that is generated during the process is modeled using a class diagram. A database is developed to store and reuse the data. The smart glass technology is adopted to develop a data interface during the earthwork operation. The result of the prototype showed that the technology can improve the data interface during excavation overcoming the shortcomings of hand or soundsignals. 토공작업은 자연지반을 정지하거나 터파기를 통해서 구조물을 설치하기 위한 공간을 제공한다. 대규모 건설공사의 경우 토공작업은 굴삭기, 도저, 덤프트럭 등 대형장비가 투입되며, 장비와 장비간 그리고 토공작업에 투입되는 관리자간 인터페이스(interface)가 발생된다. 따라서 토공작업의 효과를 높이기 위해서는 건설장비 조종원간 커뮤니케이션(communication)이 필요하며, 토공작업의 프로세스를 분석하여 커뮤니케이션을 향상시켜야 한다. 본 연구는 건설공사의 토공작업 프로세스를 분석하고, 스마트 글래스 기술을 적용하여 커뮤니케이션 효과를 높이는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구에서는 프로세스 다이어그램을 사용하여 토공작업을 모델링 했으며, 토공작업 프로세스 상에서 생성되는 데이터에 대한 클래스 다이어그램을 작성했다. 또한 토공작업에서 생성되는 데이터를 저장하고 재사용하기 위해서 데이터베이스가 구축되었다. 최종적으로 스마트 글래스 기술을 적용하여 토공작업 중 데이터 인터페이스 효과를 높이기 위한 프로토타입이 개발됐다. 프로토타입 개발 결과 스마트 글래스는 수신호, 경적소리 등 단순한 데이터 전달방식을 벗어나서 토공작업에 참여하는 관리자와 건설장비 조종원간 지속적인 의사소통이 가능하게 할 것으로 평가된다.

Virtual graphic representation of construction equipment for developing a 3D earthwork BIM

Moon, Sungwoo,Seo, Jongwon Technika 2017 Journal of Civil Engineering and Management Vol.23 No.8

<P> BIM provides a visualization of the construction design that allows a construction manager to review the construction process and the information that is associated with the progress. BIM is usually applied to modeling structural objects with parametric geometry where the sequence of process can be predefined. However, BIM technology can also be applied to objects with irregular shape where parametric modeling is not possible such as earthwork topography based on TIN (Triangular Irregular Network).The objective of this research is to develop a 3D earthwork BIM methodology and provide a graphic simulation that is capable of assisting construction equipment operators during excavation work. The 3D earthwork BIM presents a modeling technique that involves integrating hardware and software technologies. This combination of technologies is used to represent the actual excavator configuration in a 3D virtual environment. When it is applied to actual excavation work, it was proved that the 3D earthwork BIM could synchronize the virtual excavator configuration with the actual excavator configuration during excavation work in real time. </P>

Stochastic Dozer Productivity Estimation Method

박영준,곽한성,김병수,이동은 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.5

This paper presents the Stochastic Dozer Productivity Estimation (SDPE) method. It integrates dozer production estimating curves and equipment specification obtained from manufacturers, defines the probability density functions (PDFs) of job condition correction factors, executes the dozer productivity estimating format (DPEF) for the user-defined number of iterations, and estimates the best-fit PDFs of productivity and that of total owning and operating (O&O) cost. The method also improves the reliability of the existing DPEF by effectively dealing with the uncertainties of the job condition correction factors and handling the variability of the productivity and O&O cost. Thus, this method allows an earthwork manager to quantify the risk involved in accepting the deterministic productivity and O&O cost computed by the existing DPEF. It simplifies the tedious and burdensome process involved in executing the DPEF and estimating the best-fit PDFs of productivity and O&O cost. The usability and validity of the system in practice were verified through test cases.

토공 운반경로 탐색 시스템 개발에 관한 연구

강상혁,박수현,서종원 대한토목학회 2018 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.38 No.6

This study presents a geographic information system based dump truck route exploring system (DRES) which provides constructionmanagers and hauling operators with efficient route information that can improve earthmoving productivity by reducing hauling time. The system is comprised of Network Analyst from Esri as a route exploring engine and a network data model. The network data modelincludes information on weight limit of bridges, height limit of pedestrian overpasses, and one way that impedes dump trucks’ hauling efficiency. A construction manager is expected to input origin and destination point in the user interface, and the system generates an efficient route that avoids bridges with weight limit or pedestrian overpasses with height limit. The system was applied to a real earthmoving project to test its applicability, and it was found that the system functions as intended. 본 연구에서는 건설관리자 및 덤프트럭 운전자에게 효율적인 토사 운반경로 정보를 제공하기 위한 ‘덤프트럭 운반경로 탐색 시스템(DRES)’을 구축하였다. 이 시스템은 Esri사에서 제공하는 ‘네트워크 애널리스트(Network Analyst)’를 분석 엔진으로 탑재하고 있으며, 경로 데이터는 네트워크 데이터 모델을 활용한다. DRES는 사용자가 출발지(현장)와 목적지(사토장 혹은 토취장)를 선정하면 덤프트럭이 효율적으로 운행할 수 있는 경로를 도출해내도록 구현되었다. 이 경로는 덤프트럭의 운행이 금지된, 제한중량이 있는 교량이나 높이제한이 있는 육교 등을 우회하여생성된다. 개발한 DRES를 사례 현장에 적용한 결과 운행 제약 조건들을 회피하는 경로를 도출하여 운전자에게 더욱 효율적인 경로 정보를 제공하는 것으로 나타났다.

건설장비 가이던스 시스템 도입을 위한 비즈니스 모델 효과

문성우(Moon Sung Woo) 한국BIM학회 2018 KIBIM Magazine Vol.8 No.1

A construction machine guidance system is an assistance system that helps construction equipment operators dig grounds during excavation work at a construction site. This system has long been applied in the overseas countries of the United States, Japan and Europe. However, the system has not been paid much attention in Korea. The objective of this paper is to present a business model for adopting construction machine guidance systems in Korea and evaluate the effectiveness of applying the system to excavation work. The business model in this study shows a new process of applying construction machine guidance system, business stakeholders and revenues, and suggests the benefits to the business stakeholders. A field test of the construction machine guidance system proves that the system can be applied as a tool that can improve the productivity of excavation work. This productivity improvement consequently demonstrates that the business model in this study is a prospective challenge in improving the effectiveness of excavation work at the construction site.

1812년 평안도 정주성 전투의 경과 및 관군과 반군의 역량 비교

강석화 국방부군사편찬연구소 2022 군사 Vol.- No.124

Hong Gyeong-rae’s rebellion began in December 18th, 1811 and ended April 19th. 1812 during the middle age of Joseon Dynasty. Jeongju castle was besieged from December 29th, 1811 to April 19th, 1812, so the most part of the Hong Gyeong-rae’s rebellion was the battle of Jeongju castle. In this study, we examined the whole stages of the battle of Jeongju castle and compared capabilities of the government forces with the rebel armies. During the general attack, while the government forces used a new weapon called Yooncha(mobile carrier loaded with attack weapon), however, the rebels destroyed it with a new tool. As the long lasting siege exhausted their supplies such as food and weapons etc., the rebels dared to try advancing out of their castle only to fail. Because the rebels determined not to surrender for a long time, the government forces exploded the castle wall and captured those who survived. And then, except women and children, all of men patticipated in the rebellion, in total 1,917 ones were executed. With almost incompetent officers, the command center of the government forces could not give orders and make strategies, nor did it have enough combat powers including manning. The government forces could not hide sign of attack even in night and their siege weapons were useless without precision and endurance. They did not even use Hong’ipo to attack the rebels which was stored in Hullyeondogam(Central Army) located in Hanyang. But the rebels, acknowledging that they would fail by the lack of food and weapons, protected the castle by inventing and using effective defensive equipment until the end. The occupation of the castle was not the result of government forces’ victory, but the result of extinction of the rebels. This study focuses to review and analyze Hong Gyeong-rae’s rebellion and the battle of Jeongju castle by military perspectives which were not researched in former studies. Therefore, this study is a part a proof to understand Hong Gyeong-rae’s rebellion in total. 홍경래란은 1811년 12월 18일에 시작하여 1812년 4월 19일에 종식되었다. 정주성 전투는 1811년 12월 29일부터 1812년 4월 19일까지 전개되었으며, 홍경래란 전 시기의 대부분은 정주성 전투의 기간이었다. 본 연구에서는 정주성 전투의 전 과정을 시기별로 구분하여 살펴보았고, 이를 통해 드러난 관군과 반군의 역량을 비교하여 제시하였다. 총공격을 펼친 관군은 신무기 윤차를 이용하여 성을 공격하였으나, 반군 역시 새로운 도구를 사용하여 윤차를 파괴하였다. 오랜 포위 때문에 식량과 무기가 부족해진 반군은 과감한 출성 공격을 시도하였으나 실패하였다. 반군이 항복하지 않고 오래 버티자 관군은 성벽을 폭파한 후 진입하여 생존한 인원들을 모두 생포하였으며, 이들 중 여성과 어린이를 제외한 모든 성인 남성 1,917명을 전부 처형하였다. 관군의 지휘부는 몇몇 예외는 있으나 전반적으로 전투 지휘나 군사 역량 발휘에 무능하였고, 병사들의 전투력 역시 매우 부족한 형편이었다. 관군은 야간에 전투를 시작하면서 공격 기도를 감추지 못하였고 공성도구는 정교함이나 견고성이 떨어져 쓸모가 없었으며, 한양의 훈련도감에 보관된 홍이포를 사용하지도 않았다. 이에 비해 반군은 식량과 무기 부족으로 결국 실패가 예정된 싸움이었음에도 불구하고 효율적인 방어 도구를 개발하여 이용하면서 최후까지 최선을 다해 성을 지켜내었다. 관군이 결국 성을 점령하였으나 관군의 승리라기보다는 이미 자멸한 반군의 마지막 숨을 끊은 것이었다. 본 연구는 홍경래란이나 정주성 전투에 관해 기존 연구에서 거의 주목하지 않았던 군사적 관점에 입각한 접근과 분석을 시도한 것이다. 본 연구는 홍경래란의 종합적 이해를 위한 실증 작업의 일환이라 할 수 있다.