觀光影響의 認識이 地域社會 滿足에 미치는 役割

高東完(Ko Dong-Wan) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2000 國土計劃 Vol.35 No.4

In recent years, many studies have been performed to identify residents' community life satisfaction and the factors that affect them. Also, Residents' attitudes toward tourism development is an area of increasing interest to tourism managers, public policy makers, and academicians. A major reason for this rising interest is that the research literature has demonstrated, at least to some, that tourism development has some considerable negative and positive outcomes on tourism destination community. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the relationships between residents' perception of tourism impacts and community life satisfaction in tourism destination region. This research extends the current literature by examining not only resident perception of the impacts of tourism, but also the relationships between those perceived impacts and community life satisfaction. Primary data were collected by questionnaire survey during three weeks in 1997 in Cheju-Island area of Republic of Korea. A total of 732 questionnaire were completed by residents. This research used descriptive analysis. T-test, and regression analysis to test the research hypothesis. The major findings of this research are that 'residents' perception of tourism impacts' has a closely correlation with 'community life satisfaction'. And, this research proves that 'residents' perception of tourism impacts' affect some significant effects on 'community life satisfaction'. Particularly, 'residents' perception of negative tourism impacts' in non-benefits group affect a negative effects on 'community life satisfaction'. This fact implies that the residents' perception of tourism impacts are the major issue to tourism and community management, development, policy, and this fields study. Therefore, the approach for community life satisfaction in the tourism destination region have need to be integrated with residents' perception of tourism impacts.

지역사회기반 섬 관광정책의 성과와 과제 -행정안전부 ‘찾아가고 싶은 섬 사업’을 중심으로-

강신겸,이진형 동북아관광학회 2018 동북아관광연구 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 기존의 문헌에서 나타난 지역사회기반 관광의 개념과 원칙을 토대로 행정안전부의 찾아가고 싶은 섬 관광 정책의 성과와 과제를 비판적으로 고찰해 본 탐색적 성격의 연구이다. 분석결과 찾아가고 싶은 섬 사업은 기존 섬 개발정책과 차별화된성과를 거두었으나 향후 해결해야 할 과제도 없지 않았다. 첫째, 찾아가고 싶은 섬 사업은 지속가능한 관광개발을 지향하고 있다는 점에서 기존 정책과 차별화된다. 특히시설조성 중심에서 주민참여와 역량강화사업 중심으로 섬 관광정책의 방향을 전환했다는 점은 섬 관광정책에 있어 큰 변화라고 할 수 있다. 둘째, 찾아가고 싶은 섬 사업이 주민의 주체적 참여 및 주민 역량 강화에 기초한 지역공동체사업의 추진을 강조했다는 점에서 주목할 만하였지만 섬 지역의 취약한 인적자원으로 인해 그 실행에는 한계가 있었다. 셋째, 찾아가고 싶은 섬 사업의 경우 계획수립단계에서 전문가 컨설팅제를 도입하는 등 기존의 관 주도 섬 관광정책 추진방식에서 진일보한 측면이 있지만상시적인 중간지원체계 구축으로 이어지지 못한 한계를 가지고 있다. 넷째, 찾아가고싶은 섬 사업의 경우 추진과정에서 동일한 규모의 사업비가 사업대상 섬에 일률적으로 지원되다보니, 예산규모에 맞추어 사업을 기획하고 추진되는 경향이 있었다고 할수 있다. 마지막으로 찾아가고 싶은 섬 사업은 사업의 시설 및 공간의 개발이 환경친화적이고 지속가능한 개발방식으로 이루어져야 한다는 방향성은 바람직했지만 구체적인 실천전략이 부족했다. 이러한 평가에 기반하여 본 연구에서는 지역사회 역량 강화, 고유 자원에 기반한 섬 여행 방식과 가치창출, 경쟁력 있는 관광사업 발굴과 지속가능한 관리운영모델 구축, 자원 및 경관의 보전, 이해관계자 네트워크 및 중간지원 조직구성이라는 다섯 가지 측면에서 섬 관광 정책의 개선방향을 제시하여 보았다. This study examines the achievements and future tasks of Korean island tourism policy based on the concepts and principles of community based tourism. In order to achieve the goal of this study, first, previous researches on the concept of and principles of community based island tourism were critically reviewed. Then, ’The Attractive Island Tourism Development Policy of the Ministry of Interior and Safety was examined from the perspective of community based tourism. The development policy started in 2011 and a total of 37 sites were selected for island tourism development using tax money. The achievements of the policy are as follows. First, the policy differs from previous island tourism policies in that it is based on the sustainable tourism policy for the first time in the history of Korean island tourism policy. Second, the policy was remarkable in that it took the bottom up approach and emphasized resident participation and community empowerment. Third, the policy employed the expert consulting system from the planning stage and it could be considered one step forward from the previous government initiative island tourism development. Fourth, same amount of tax money was evenly allocated to each of the island tourism project and it caused ineffective island tourism planning. Future tasks of community based island tourism development were also suggested at the end.

주민참여가 공동체의식과 관광개발태도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 철원군 DMZ평화마을 사업지를 대상으로 -

양민호,고진영,김명일,김기성 한국농공학회 2018 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.60 No.2

This study aims to analyzes the Relationship Between Community Consciousness and Residents’ Participation in Tourism Development. Starting in 2004, the Rural Tourism Development Project, which has been promoted in Korea, is taking a bottom-up approach that values the participation of residents. And Resident’s Participation is also an important criterion for selecting business sites. As the farming community becomes more modern, the community consciousness is declining. But Community consciousness is an important factor for the sustainable maintenance of rural villages. And if community members share a sense of homogeneity, they can identify problems that communities have, and they can solve them with responsibility. Community consciousness can be called the basic infrastructure of residents’ participation. Rural tourism feature different characteristics from other tourist areas in that the residential space of local residents is the destination of the tours. As a result, the influence on tourism development is directly affected, so the attitude of local residents is an important success factor unlike other tourism developments. The study analyzed the community consciousness and participation in Tourism Development, which is a significant success factor in rural areas. The survey which included 200 residents of the DMZ Peace Village Site, was concluded that the member’s perception and ttachment among Community Consciousness affected the Residents’ Participation, and that Economic Influence among tourist development attitudes affected the Residents’ Participation. It based on the results in rural tourism development for the residents’ participation should be considered with a plan to enhance the economic life satisfaction and promote the economic impact on the area.

지역주민의 지역애착 수준별 농촌 관광영향인식과 관광개발태도 관계 분석

이후석(Hoo Suk Lee) 한국관광연구학회 2011 관광연구저널 Vol.25 No.5

This study analyzed the relationship between the residents` perceptions of tourism impact and their attitudes toward tourism development according to the level of community attachment. The results were as follows: First, the resident`s perceptions of tourism impacts(all dimensions; negative, economic, socio-cultural, environmental impacts) affected attitudes toward tourism development (one dimension; support). Second, an exploratory factor analysis on 10 items of community attachment suggested three dimensions of community attachment: ``rootedness, identity, dependence``. In addition, a cluster analysis yielded two groups of community attachment(i.e., a low community attachment group and high community attachment group). Results also showed two dimensions of tourism impacts(economic, environmental impact) affected attitudes toward tourism development in a low community attachment group. In a high community attachment group three dimensions of tourism impact(economic, social-cultural, environmental impact) affected attitudes toward tourism development.

문화관광축제가 지역사회발전에 미치는 영향연구: 서산해미읍성축제를 중심으로

김영철 ( Kim Young-cheol ),임동혁 ( Yim Dong-hyok ) 한국관광산업학회 2018 Tourism Research Vol.43 No.2

지역축제들이 양적으로 성장하는 동안 문화관광축제 또는 지역개발형 축제라는 새로운 모델이 등장하여 단순히 먹고 마시는 축제가 아니라 관광객 유치나 특산물 판촉, 지역이미지 개선, 지역경제 활성화 등 지역사회 발전에 기여하는 대표적인 축제들이 나타나기 시작했다. 서산해미읍성축제는 최근 5년간 문화관광축제로 선정되었으며, 2016년 세계축제협회 피너클어워드에서 국내 축제 중 가장 많은 금상을 수상하는 등, 지역사회 발전에 기여한 축제로 명성을 이어가고 있다. 이러한 측면에서 문화관광축제중에서도 서산해미읍성축제를 중심으로 지역축제가 지역사회에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 분석해 보고 향후 발전방안을 제시할 수 있을 것이라는 문제를 제기하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 문화관광축제로서의 서산해미읍성축제가 지역사회 발전에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지와 이러한 영향에 대하여 축제관련 그룹인 운영참여자, 자원봉사자, 축제관련업무자, 기타참여자 간의 인식에 어떠한 차이가 있는 지를 파악하려는 것에 있다. 서산해미읍성축제 방문객을 대상으로 한 설문조사를 토대로 실증연구를 실시하였으며, 연구모형과 가설을 검증하기 위해 기술통계분석과 요인분석(factor analysis)을 실행하였고 또한 지역사회에 미치는 영향에 대해서 그룹 간 차이 분석을 위해 일원배치분산분석(ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 연구가설 Ⅰ의 검증은 거주지로 설정한 3개 요소 중 1개가 기각되고 2개가 채택됨으로써 부분적으로 가설이 채택되었다. 연구가설 Ⅱ의 검증은 관련그룹으로 설정한 3개의 하위요소 중 1개가 기각, 2개가 채택됨으로써 부분적으로 가설이 채택되었다. 이러한 연구과정을 통해 서산해미읍성축제가 지역사회 발전에 기여한다는 유의미한 결과를 얻을 수 있었으며, 연구결과를 통해 서산해미읍성축제가 지역개발형축제로서 지속적으로 발전시켜나가기 위한 구체적인 방안이 필요하며, 아울러 향후 지역개발형축제의 긍정적인 효과에 대한 활발한 연구가 이루어져 축제가 지역을 살리는 산업으로서 큰 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다. During the period of the quantitative growth of local festivals, a new model of cultural tourism festivals or local development festivals emerged. Instead of just eating and drinking festivals, the typical festivals that have contributed to the development of local communities such as attracting tourists, promoting local products, improving local images, and revitalizing local economy have begun to appear. In this regard, the Seosan Hami-eup Castle Festival has been selected as a cultural tourism festival over the past five years and has been held a reputation as a festival that had contributed to the development of local communities, including winning the most gold prizes of the festivals at the Pinnacle Awards of IFEA world (Internation Festival & Event Association) in 2016. In this respect, how the local festivals affect local communities focusing on Seosan Hami-eup Castle Festival among cultural tourism festivals is analyzed and it is suggested that the future development plan can be presented. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of Seosan Hami-eup Castle Festival as a cultural tourism festival on the development of the community and to analyze perception gap of this effect among the festival related groups such as operating participants, volunteers, festival related officials and other participants. In the reference study, preliminary study on the concept of local festivals, the current status of local festivals, the current status and effect of cultural tourism festivals, the current status and development process of Seosan Hami-eup Castle Festival and its effect on local community was conducted and in the empirical study, the study was conducted on people who had visited Seosan Hami-eup Castle Festival. Descriptive statistic analysis and factor analysis were conducted to verify the research models and hypotheses based on the questionnaires. ANOVA was conducted to analyze differences between groups on the effect of the community. The verification of the research hypothesis I was partially adopted because one of three factors of residences was rejected and two were adopted. The verification of the research hypothesis Ⅱ was partially adopted because one of three sub-factors of residences was rejected and two were adopted. These results achieved the research goal by suggesting that Seosan Hami-eup Castle Festival has contributed to the development of the community. From this study, it is necessary to plan the sustainable development of Seosan Hami-eup Castle Festival as a local development festival and it is expected that the festivals will play an important role as an industry that revitalizes the communities by conducting active studies on the effect of local development festivals.

관광개발에서의 주민참여기법으로서 퍼실리테이션- 농촌관광의 사례를 중심으로 -

이시은,심창섭 대한관광경영학회 2019 觀光硏究 Vol.34 No.5

As residents' quality of life became the main objective of tourism development, community participation has been increasingly understood as an essential part of tourism development process. However, there has been a dearth of scholarly discussion on practical tools to promote community participation in the process of tourism development. In this sense, the field of rural tourism has performed pioneering work in application of community participation by using facilitation, which refers to the process of helping a group to attain its goal by designing and using engagement methods. Therefore, this study aimed at conducting a case study on rural villages where facilitation was used to promote community participation in the process of tourism development. Three interesting cases of South Korea were selected and analyzed. The results offers some practical and academic implications about how to effectively apply facilitation to a wider context of tourism development in the age of sustainable and fair tourism. 최근 관광개발의 목표가 관광이라는 도구를 통한 주민의 삶의 질 향상이라는 인식이 확산되면서 관광개발과정에서 주민참여는 더이상 선택이 아닌 필수로 인식되고 있다. 관광개발과정에서의 주민참여에 대한 연구가 늘어나고 있는 반면 실제 현장에서 주민참여가 효과적으로 수행되기 위한 실행도구에 대한 학술적 논의는 부족한 상황이다. 농촌관광 분야는 다양한 관광개발의 영역 가운데 가장 앞서 주민참여가 실행되고 있는 영역으로서 퍼실리테이션을 활용한 주민참여와 역량강화가 이루어지고 있다. 퍼실리테이션은 집단의 문제해결, 아이디어창출, 합의형성 등을 위해 구성원들의 상호작용을 촉진하여 목적의 달성을 돕는 활동으로 정의된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사례연구(Case study)의 기법을 활용하여 퍼실리테이션이 활발하게 적용되고 있는 농촌관광의 사례를 분석하고자 한다. 퍼실리테이션을 적용한 농촌관광개발을 진행하고 있는 농촌현장포럼의 다양한 사례 가운데 관광개발 분야에 많은 시사점을 제공할 수 있는 총 3개의 사례가 선정되어 분석이 이루어졌다. 분석의 결과는 향후 지속가능한 관광 및 공정관광 등이 관광개발의 기본요소로 보편화되고 있는 최근 관광환경에서 퍼실리테이션의 활용방향에 대한 학술적․정책적 시사점으로 정리하었다.

The Significance of Bajau Laut Community As A Cultural Tourism Product In Semporna, Sabah

Tini Maizura Mohtar,Kamarul Mizal Marzuki,Noor Fzlinda Fabeil 세계문화관광학회 2007 Conference Proceedings Vol.8 No.0

Semporna is a gateway for divers to the famous diving sites in the world. The primary motive tourists visits Semporna is for their diving activities at Sipadan and Mabul not knowing that the Bajau's in Semporna has an only one of its kind culture. The intention for developing product for the Bajau's people or "sea-gypsy" is to analyze and expose their unique Bajau's community lifestyles besides it will enhance the economic activities of the Bajau's. This will positively help to enhance and increase the cultural contribution within the development of the cultural tourism relationship: the tourists, cultural tourism operators and the cultural entrepreneurs. Proper management of cultural tourism provide the conservation community into the sustainable development by placing the local communities achieve better socio-economic benefits. The purpose of this exploratory research is to identify potential and issues through cultural uniqueness by promoting Bajau's Laut community. A semi-structured interview with the district officer, local community leaders and tourists has been conducted and secondary data obtained from the previous studies will be applied to this research. Furthermore, the idea of developing Semporna for their Bajau's Cultural Tourism can help to shift the tourism development concentration from the west coast to the east -coast of Sabah. This could be the alternative for the marine tourism to cultural tourism guaranteeing the survival of these revenue-generating cultural heritage assets will play an important role in the well-being of future generations.

觀光目的地 地域社會의 評價

高東完(Ko Dong-Wan),金裕逸(Kim Yoo-Ill) 대한국토·도시계획학회 1999 國土計劃 Vol.34 No.6

A number of studies in recent years have been performed to identify residents’ community life satisfaction and the factors that affect them. Also, Residents' attitudes toward tourism development is an area of increasing interest to tourism managers, public policy makers, and academicians. A major reason for this rising interest is that the research literature has demonstrated, at least to some, that tourism development has some considerable negative and positive outcomes at local level. The broad aim of this study was to demonstrate the relation between benefits of tourism development and community life satisfaction in local community of tourism destination. Primary data were collected by questionnaire survey during three weeks in 1997 in Cheju-Island area of Republic of Korea. A total of 732 questionnaire were completed by residents of which 84 percent were 30~49 years old. The major findings of this study are that ‘personal benefit from tourism development’ are very important criteria to understand the difference in ‘community life satisfaction’. This fact implies that the differences in benefit from tourism development are the major issue to tourism and community management, development, policy, and this field study. Therefore, It is necessary to access that an evaluation of community life satisfaction on local community of tourism destination should to be an integrated approach of tourism development and community assessment.

Economic Empowerment of Agro Tourism “Jawaunik” (Java Unique): A Case Study in Indonesia

Siti NURLAELA,Bambang MURSITO,M,Fajar SHODIQ,Pramono HADI,Rahmawati RAHMAWATI 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.5

The purpose of this study is to find out how to empower the community in developing Unique Javanese Agro Tourism in the Klaten regency, Central Java Indonesia. Community economic empowerment is carried out by 1) conservation-based development, namely the pattern of community development while maintaining the authenticity of ecosystems by seeking to preserve natural, historical, cultural, and recreational natural resources. Community development can be done in stages, that is, carried out before the area becomes an object of agro-tourism and after the area becomes an object of agro tourism, 2) Community empowerment in the development of unique Javanese agro-tourism can be done with the development of community-based agro-tourism, intended to pattern community development that places agrotourism as empowering farmers to obtain good value from agricultural products as well as from tourist visits; the dual effect of absorption of agricultural products by tourism businesses and developers of agro-tourism areas/regions; by the government as an area to develop agrotourism; synergy between communities; and the role of tourism institutions and agricultural institutions in fostering agro-tourism so that this can enhance the aesthetic value and beauty of nature.

Sustainability in Tourism Development and Planning

Kim, Nam-Hyun 한국관광서비스학회 2015 관광서비스연구 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 관광개발에 있어 지속가능성을 확보하기 위하여 보다 폭넓고 통합 된 관점을 제시하고, 관광목적지(tourism destination)와 관광비즈니시의 지속가능성을 유지하 기 위한 방법을 모색하고자하는 것이다. 두 번째 목적은 개발 요인과 개발 단계에 따른 지속 가능 관광의 필수적인 통합 지표를 제안하고자 하는 것이다. 먼저 지속가능 관광, 지속가능성, 지속가능한 개발에 대한 개념적 정의를 정립하고, 지속가능성에서 논의되고 있는 주요 이론들 을 고찰하였다. 또한, 주요 이론들을 적용한 지속가능 관광개발 및 계획과 관련된 관광분야의 연구들을 고찰하여 현재 관광개발분야에서 논의되고 있는 연구의 한계점과 향후 연구과제를 도출하고 성공적인 지속가능 관광을 달성하기 위한 개념적 틀을 제시하였다. The primary objective of this study has two folds. First, it aims to suggest a wider and integrated perspective of tourism development for sustainability and to seek a way to maintain sustainability of tourism destinations or businesses. The second objective is to suggest the development of necessary integrated indicators of sustainable tourism with respect to development factors and stages. It discusses the concept of sustainable tourism, sustainability, and sustainable development and reviews the main theories applied to studies on sustainability. It also reviews tourism research regarding sustainable tourism development and planning as applied to the main theories. Lastly, this paper discusses the limitations and suggest the future research to evolve a conceptual way to achieve the successful sustainable tourism.