범죄피해자 보호정책의 쟁점과 과제 -범죄피해자 구조제도를 중심으로-

김은경 ( Eun Kyeong Kim ) 한국범죄비행학회 2012 범죄와 비행 Vol.2 No.-

2010년 4월 기존 범죄피해자구조법과 범죄피해자보호법을 통합, 전면 개정한 [범죄피해자보호법]과 새롭게 제정된 [범죄피해자보호기금법]이 법제사법위원회를 통과하여, 새로운 범죄피해자 구조지원 정책의 개막을 예고하고 있다. 하지만, 새로이 개정된 [범죄피해자보호법] 역시 구조제도의 법적 성격, 다른 보호지원대상자와의 형평성 등 다양한 쟁점들이 충분히 검토되지 못한 채, 그 정치적·현실적 필요성에 치우쳐 입안됨으로써 향후 많은 문제점을 야기할 가능성이 있다. 이 글은 [범죄피해자보호법]에 내재한 인식론적 및 방법론적 한계를 비판적으로 재검토하기 위하여 기획되었다. 여기에서는 무엇보다도 현행 범죄피해자 구조제도가 어떤 문제점을 가지고 있는지 검토함으로써, 바람직한 피해자보호 지원의 정책방향과 향후 과제들을 제시해 보고자 한다. In April 2010, the fully amended [Crime Victims Protection Act] and the newly enacted [Crime Victims Protection Fund Act] passed the Legislation and Judiciary Committee, heralding a new support policy of crime victims. But Korea`s policy of protecting crime victims cannot move into a genuinely new epoch until the following present problems and tasks are addressed. First, the current programs to protect and support crime victims in Korea are governed by numerous laws including the Crime Victim Protection Act(also covering the Crime Victim Aid Act), the Criminal Procedure Act, the system of order for compensation, the Legal Aid Act, the Act on Special Cases concerning the Punishment of Specific Violent Crimes(Measures for personal safety on witness), the Act on the Prevention of Domestic Violence and Protection etc. of Victims, the Act on the Prevention of Sexual Traffic and Protection, etc. of Victims thereof, the Act on the Punishment of Sexual Crimes and Protection of Victims thereof, the Child Welfare Act, the Act on the Prevention of and Countermeasures against Violence in Schools, the Act on the Persons Performing the Duties of Judicial Police Officials and the Scope of their Duties. Given the presence of dispersed norms, maintaining the unity in policy to support and aid crime victims faces difficulties in reality, as well as problems of overlapping scopes of protection which also goes against equity and uneven, inefficient resource allocation. Second, it is more problematic that even though Korea is equipped with crime victims` claim for aid which is stipulated in the Constitution as fundamental rights, effective restitution for crime victims is not satisfactory compared to that of other countries where compensation is governed by the law. This largely originates from the constraint of the government finance in terms of financing and tax burdens, but in essence, has something to do with the unclear legal nature of Korea`s crime victims aid system. Indeed, such nature led to the criticism that the claim was provided under the Constitution despite its lack of logical defensibility, disproportionately driven by political necessity when the Crime Victim Aid Act was enacted. Likewise, while various issues such as the legal nature of aid system and equity with the others eligible for protection support had been left without sufficient review, the political· realistic necessity was mainly behind the designation of the newly revised [Crime Victim Protection Act]. Therefore, there is a good chance that this Act will cause numerous problems. This essay intends to critically review the epistemological and methodological limit inherent in the [Crime Victim Protection Act]. Here, above all things, priority is given to examination of the problems which the current crime victim aid system has, so that desirable policy directions of victim protection & support and future tasks can be suggested.

범죄피해자 정보보호의 강화방안

박광민(Park, Kwang-Min) 한국피해자학회 2012 被害者學硏究 Vol.20 No.1

In the past, protection of crime victim information was thought to be a part of the system that could protect crime victim from offenders. These days, however, protection of common people who are interested in investigation procedure, public trial procedure, press report process and crimes is increasing. In information society, the right of self-determination about information has been emphasized to protect private information. As such, information protection of crime victim has become important in accordance with a variety of changes to be start of personal safety as well as peaceful private life of crime victim and to be a prerequisite of protection of crime victim. In Korea, legal maintenance and discussion on information protection of crime victim were remarkably insufficient. To protect and support crime victim in Korea in the future, not only investigation into information protection of crime victim but also systematic maintenance is urgently needed. This paper examined needs and new concept of information protection of crime victim under new environment, and investigated state and problems of information protection of crime victim, and suggested strengthening of information protection of crime victim. To strengthen information protection of crime victim, each law having declaratory contents shall have regulations in detail, and general regulations on information protection of crime victim shall be enacted as soon as possible. Citizens in the society shall have consensus on information protection of crime victim in addition to legislative maintenance.

범죄피해자에 대한 경제적 지원제도의 효율적 운영을 위한 법제 검토 : 범죄피해자보호법을 중심

임예윤(Lim, ye yun) 한국피해자학회 2021 被害者學硏究 Vol.29 No.1

범죄피해자보호법의 제정으로 강력범죄피해자에 대한 다양한 보호・지원제도가 운영됨에 따라 강력범죄피해자와 그 가족은 신체적・정신적 피해에 대한 지원을 받을 수 있게 되었다. 범죄피해자가 피해 이전의 삶으로 돌아가기 위해서는 피해자의 욕구를 반영한 보호와 지원이 필요하다. 따라서 국가차원의 구조와 더불어 민간영역의 복지적, 보호 차원의 활동이 매우 중요하다. 범죄피해자지원센터는 범죄피해자보호법에서 명시하는 범죄피해자지원법인으로, 2003년부터 현재까지 범죄피해자 보호・지원 분야에서 활동 범위를 확대해가며, 민간단체로써 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 특히 범죄피해자에게 경제적 지원을 제공함으로써 원상회복을 돕고, 피해자 보호를 위한 다양한 사업을 전개해 나가고 있다. 그러나 범죄피해자보호법은 국가의 책무를 중심으로 정책적 성격을 띄고 있으며, 보호와 지원에 관해서는 구체적인 절차와 내용은 미흡한 실정이다. 제도적인 측면에서도 범죄피해자 보호・지원의 중요한 영역인 경제적 지원이 검찰과 센터, 두 개의 창구로 이원화되어 있어 운영과 예산 측면에서도 효율적 집행에 어려움이 있다. 이에 본 고에서는 범죄피해자에 대한 보호와 지원으로서 경제적 지원제도의 효율적 운영을 위해 범죄피해자보호법을 중심으로 법제의 정비를 검토하고자 한다. 범죄피해자의 구조(救助)를 넘어서 원상복구를 위한 보호・지원이 보다 체계적으로 이루어질 수 있도록 보호・지원의 대상범위에 대해 살펴보고, 경제적 지원은 민간으로의 사무 위임 등을 제안하였다. 그리고 범죄피해자보호・지원 활성화를 위하여 법률상 지원법인의 구체적인 운영규정 마련을 제안하였다. 본 고를 통해 범죄피해자에 대한 경제적 지원제도의 체계화 및 전문성을 확대하여 범죄피해자의 회복과 성장에 실질적인 도움을 제공할 수 있게 되기를 기대한다. With the enactment of the Crime Victims Protection Act, various protection and support systems for violent crime victims are in operation, allowing violent crime victims and their families became able to receive support for physical and mental damage. In order for the victims of crime to return to their lives before they were damaged, it is necessary to reflect the victims desires and continue to protect them in the local community. Therefore, in addition to the structure at the national level, the welfare and protection activities of the private sector are very important. The Crime Victim Support Center is a crime victim support corporation specified in the Crime Victim Protection Act. From 2003 to the present, it has expanded its scope of activities in the field of protection and support for victims of crime, and has played an important role as a private organization. In particular, by providing economic support to victims of crime, they help recovery and carry out various projects to protect victims. However, the Act on the Protection of Victims of Crime has a policy characteristic centered on the responsibilities of the state, and regarding protection and support, specific procedures and contents are insufficient. In the institutional aspect, economic support, an important area of protection and support for crime victims, is divided into the prosecution and center, making it difficult to operate and to efficiently execute the budget. Therefore, in this study, in order to increase the efficiency of the crime victim support center s economic support system, the purpose of this study is to review the reform of the legal system, focusing on the Crime Victim Protection Act. I will examine the scope of protection and support so that protection and support for restoration to the original state beyond the compensation of crime victims can be made more systematically, and it was proposed to delegate economic support to the center. In addition, In order to revitalize the protection and support for victims of crime, it was proposed to prepare specific operating regulations for support corporations under the law. It is hoped that this study will provide practical help to the recovery and growth of crime victims by expanding the systematization and expertise of the crime victim support center s economic support system.

범죄피해자보호,지원 관련 법제의 문제점 및 정비방안

강동욱 ( Dong Wook Kang ),송귀채 ( Gwi Chai Song ) 한양대학교 법학연구소 2016 법학논총 Vol.33 No.2

현행 우리나라 범죄피해자 보호 · 지원 관련 법제의 가장 큰 문제점으로는 법률체계의 ``복잡성`` 과 ``중복성``이라 할 수 있다. 피해자보호 · 지원에 관한 일반법으로 「범죄피해자보호법」이 있으나 마약 및 조직범죄 등에 관하여는 「특정강력범죄 처벌 등에 관한 특례법」과 「특정범죄 신고자 등 보호법」등이 있고, 여성가족부에서 주관하는 성폭력 · 가정폭력 범죄에 대하여는 「성폭력범죄의 처벌 등에 관한 특례법」, 「성매매알선 등 행위의 처벌에 관한 법률」 「성폭력방지 및 피해자 보호등에 관한 법률」, 「성매매방지 및 피해자보호 등에 관한 법률」 등에 피해자 보호 · 지원 규정이 산재하여 있다. 한편, 가정폭력범죄 대응에 관한 법제도 성폭력범죄와 유사한 구조로써 「가정폭력범죄의 처벌등에 관한 특례법」과 「가정폭력방지 및 피해자 보호 등에 관한 법률」이 제정되어 있다. 보건복지 부에서 주관하는 아동학대 범죄의 경우도 「아동학대범죄의 처벌 등에 관한 특례법」과 「아동복지법」 등에 피해자 보호규정이 산재되어 있다. 이러한 법률 외에도 피해자보호 · 지원에 관련된 법률은 「아동 · 청소년 성 보호에 관한 법률」, 「소년법」, 「노인복지법」, 「학교폭력예방 및 대책에 관한법률」, 「소송촉진 등에 관한 특례법」 및 「형사소송법」 등 대략 17개에 이른다. 그런데 이러한 법제는 그 내용면에서도 대응체계가 유사하고 중복된 내용 등이 다수 존재하고 있다. 때문에 수사 기관의 담당자조차 그 내용을 다 알지 못하고, 피해자보호 · 지원 실무를 하는 담당자들도 관련 법 률체계를 다 알지 못한다. 따라서 피해자에 대한 보호 · 지원의 효율성을 위하여 관련 법제를 일부 통합하여 단순화 할 필요가 있다. 특히 이러한 법률은 형사절차상 특례법으로 규정할만한 불가피한 측면이 있다고 판단되나 피해자 중심 서비스전달체계 개선과, 정부조직 및 단체 정비를 통하 여 국가 예산을 효율적으로 운용하기 위해서는 법제 정비가 우선되어야 한다. 이에 본고는 피해자보호 · 지원 관련 법률을 통합하여 범죄피해자보호법으로 일원화 하는 방향으로 큰 틀을 제시하고자 한다. The biggest problems of the current Korean protection and support legislation of crime victims can be said to be the legal system``s complexity and duplication. Although, the Crime Victim Protection Act is in place as a general law for victims`` protection and support, separate protection regulations are set forth in the Act on Special Cases Concerning Specific Violent Crime Punishment and Protection Act of Specific Crime Reporters regarding drugs and organized crimes. The victim protection and support regulations on sexual violence and domestic violence managed by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family are dispersed in the Act on Special Cases Concerning Sexual Violence Punishment, Act on Punishment of Prostitution Arrangement, and Act on Sexual Violence Prevention and Victim Protection. The legislation on coping with domestic violence has a structure similar to that for sexual violence, and the Act on Special Cases Concerning the Punishment of Domestic Violence and Act on Domestic Violence Prevention and Victim Protection are enacted. The victim protection regulations on child abuse managed by the Ministry of Welfare and Health are also dispersed in the Act on Special Cases Concerning Child Abuse Punishment and Child Welfare Act. Besides those laws, there are about 17 laws concerning victim protection and support including the Sexual Protection Act of Children and Adolescents, Juvenile Law, Elderly Welfare Law, Act on School Violence Prevention and Countermeasure, Act on Special Cases Concerning the Expedition of Legal Proceedings, and Criminal Procedure Act. In such laws, however, the systems for coping are similar, and many duplicate contents exist. Therefore, even investigators in an investigation agency do not know all the details of those laws, and those who are engaged in the practical work of victim protection and support do not know all the relevant legal systems. Consequently, there is a need to integrate some relevant laws and simplify them for victim protection and support efficiency. Even though those laws are judged to have an unavoidable aspect of being defined as laws on special cases in terms of procedure of criminal cases, the reorganization of legislation should be a priority in order to operate the national budget efficiently through the improvement of the victim-centered service delivery system and reorganization of government organization and association. This study presents the framework in the direction that integrates the acts on victim protection and support and unifies them into the Crime Victim Protection Act.

지방자치단체 범죄피해자 보호ㆍ지원 정책에 관한 연구

정영훈 아주대학교 법학연구소 2017 아주법학 Vol.10 No.4

범죄피해자에 대한 보호·지원 정책은 범죄피해자와 가장 밀접한 관계에 있는 지방자차단체의 역할이 무엇보다 중요함에도 2006년 「범죄피해자 보호법」시행 이래 범죄피해자에 대한 보호·지원 정책은 국가나 민간단체가 주도하여 추진되어 왔다. 즉 지방자치단체는 국가의 법령과 예산 등의 한계를 극복하여 범죄피해자 보호의 사각지대를 해소하고 민간단체를 지원하는 등 국가와 민간단체의 가교역할을 해야 함에도 불구하고 여전히 범죄피해자 보호·지원정책에 있어 충분한 역할을 하지 못하고 있는 것이다. 따라서 지방자치단체가 범죄피해자에 대한 실질적인 지원과 실효성 있는 정책 추진할 수 있도록 적극적인 역할을 모색해야 할 필요가 있다. 지방자치단체가 범죄피해자를 보호하고 다양한 지원정책을 수립·시행하기 위해서는 정책시행의 근거가 되는 법령이나 조례에 대한 검토 및 분석이 선행되어져야 한다. 지방자치단체의 범죄피해자 보호․지원정책은 「범죄피해자 보호법」을 비롯한 관계 법령과 지방자치단체의 조례에 근거하여 이루어지고 있다. 범죄피해자 관련 조례는 노인이나 아동, 여성 등이 피해자가 되는 특정범죄피해자 조례와 모든 범죄의 피해자를 대상으로 하는 범죄피해자조례 등으로 구분 될 수 있으며 관련 정책 역시 같은 방식으로 분류할 수 있다. 지방자치단체의 특정범죄피해자에 대한 보호․지원정책은 법령이나 조례에 근거하여 형식이나 절차에 있어 비교적 체계적으로 운영되고 있다고 볼 수 있으나 그 실질적인 내용을 살펴보면 범죄피해자에 대한 직접적인 지원보다는 관련 기관이나 시설에 대한 인건비나 홍보비 등에 많은 예산이 집행되고 있어 범죄피해자 보호․지원에 대한 실효성을 담보하기 어려운 실정이다. 또한 모든 범죄피해자를 대상으로 하는 범죄피해자 보호․지원정책 역시 범죄피해자지원센터에 대한 보조금 지금을 주된 내용으로 하는 간접적 지원방식만을 연도별 시행계획에 규정하고 있어 지방자치단체가 주체가 되어 직접 시행하는 정책은 찾아보기 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 범죄피해자의 보호․지원과 관련된 지방자치단체의 적극적인 역할을 모색하기 위하여 현행 정책의 개선방안을 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 첫째, 범죄피해자 보호․지원정책의 효율적 운영을 위하여 추진 체계를 정비할 필요가 있다. 정책의 계획수립 및 운영․시행을 총괄하는 전담부서를 설치하고, 자문기구 및 협력체계를 구축하여 제도의 실효성을 확보해야 할 것이다. 둘째, 지역적 특성 없이 현재의 국가 법령을 확인․재기재하는 내용의 지방자치단체의 조례에 근거한 범죄피해자 보호․지원정책을 지역적 특성이 반영된 사업으로 설계하여 명문화해야 한다. 셋째, 수립된 정책의 적극적인 추진을 위하여 담당공무원의 범죄피해자 관련 교육과 주민을 대상으로 한 홍보를 전개해 나갈 필요가 있다. 마지막으로 범죄피해자 보호․지원정책의 실질적 추진 주체라 할 수 있는 자원봉사자에 대한 교육에도 지방자치단체가 더욱 관심을 가지고 추진해야 할 것이다. Local governments have the most important role in protecting and supporting crime victims because they are closely related to victims of crime. However, since the implementation of the "Act of Crime Victims Protection 」in 2006, the protection and support policies for victims of crime have been driven by the state or private organizations. In other words, local governments have to play an important role between the state and the private organization in order to protect and support crime victims, but they are not doing enough. Therefore, local governments should look for an active role for the protection and support of crime victims. The local government's protection and support policy for crime victims is based on 「Act of Crime Victims Protection 」 and other related laws and ordinances. The ordinance related to the crime victims can be divided into the specific crime victim ordinance which is the victim of the elderly, children, women, etc. and the crime victim ordinance which is targeted to victims of all crimes. The protection and support policies for victims of specific crime by local governments seem to be relatively well operated, but in reality, most of the work is to provide budget to the related institutions rather than direct assistance to victims of crime. It makes it difficult to provide practical support for the protection and support of crime victims In addition, the Annual Implementation Plan contains more details on granting subsidies to the Crime Victim Support Center than the policies implemented directly by the local government. Therefore, this study suggests the following remedies for local governments to play an active role in crime victim protection / support policy. First, it is necessary to improve the promotion system in order to efficiently operate the protection and support policies for crime victims. In order to do this, the local governments must establish a dedicated department to oversee the crime victim protection policy. There is also a need to build a consultative body and a cooperative system in this regard. Second, it is necessary to change the policies related to the victims of the crime of local governments, which have little regional characteristics at present, to a project considering regional characteristics. Third, in order to actively promote the established policies, officials should be educated in relation to the victims of crime and actively promoted to local residents. Finally, local governments should be more interested in the education of volunteers, which can be considered as the actual promoters of crime victims' protection and support policies.

성폭력 피해자 보호를 위한 증거제한에 관한 연구 - 미국의 강간피해자보호법(Rape Shield Law)을 중심으로

류병관 전남대학교 법학연구소 2008 법학논총 Vol.28 No.1

Rape shield laws were legislated to encourage the rape victim to report against the offender by protecting the victim’s privacy and promoting the victim’s prosecution. The United States legislated rape shield laws through the federal evidence law and fifty states law, starting 1980s, in order to protect the rape victim’s human rights. On the other hand, though our country introduced the system that protects the victim’s right in the criminal procedure which was reformed in 2007, June, and the punishment of sexual violence crime and the law for the protection of the victim which was reformed in 2003, we lack the actual system that could protect the victim’s second victimization. Therefore, it is time for our country to install the actual system for the protection of the rape victim through the law like the United Sates’ protection law for the rape victim. In relation with this, our country needs to reconsider whether the evidence concerning rape, such as the victim’s occupation, education, and the victim’s past sexual experience, which I think, are irrelevant, has any actual connection with the case of rape, or not. Especially, if this custom practiced in the criminal procedure is based on the patriarchal prejudice, this can be a problem related not only with question of the victim’s right in the criminal procedure, but also with the right of equality in the constitution. In conclusion, I insist that our penal law system has to accept the rape shield laws to protect the victim of sexual offence. Through this, by preventing the victim’s second victimization, the victim can be more accessible to prosecute against the sex offender. Therefore, the government can realize the social justice through the punishment of these criminals. Rape shield laws were legislated to encourage the rape victim to report against the offender by protecting the victim’s privacy and promoting the victim’s prosecution. The United States legislated rape shield laws through the federal evidence law and fifty states law, starting 1980s, in order to protect the rape victim’s human rights. On the other hand, though our country introduced the system that protects the victim’s right in the criminal procedure which was reformed in 2007, June, and the punishment of sexual violence crime and the law for the protection of the victim which was reformed in 2003, we lack the actual system that could protect the victim’s second victimization. Therefore, it is time for our country to install the actual system for the protection of the rape victim through the law like the United Sates’ protection law for the rape victim. In relation with this, our country needs to reconsider whether the evidence concerning rape, such as the victim’s occupation, education, and the victim’s past sexual experience, which I think, are irrelevant, has any actual connection with the case of rape, or not. Especially, if this custom practiced in the criminal procedure is based on the patriarchal prejudice, this can be a problem related not only with question of the victim’s right in the criminal procedure, but also with the right of equality in the constitution. In conclusion, I insist that our penal law system has to accept the rape shield laws to protect the victim of sexual offence. Through this, by preventing the victim’s second victimization, the victim can be more accessible to prosecute against the sex offender. Therefore, the government can realize the social justice through the punishment of these criminals.

범죄피해자 보호ㆍ지원제도의 개선방안

원혜욱(Won, Hye Wook) 한국피해자학회 2017 被害者學硏究 Vol.25 No.3

In the criminal justice system so far, the victim was regarded as a personal matter even though he suffered enormous damage both mentally and economically due to the crime, but he did not pay much attention to compensation or compensation for it. In 1964, we have enacted the protection policy for victims from all over the world, including New Zealand. In Korea, based on the “Crime Victims Protection Act” enacted in 2005, the State and local governments have established policies for the protection of crime victims and are supporting the activities of the organizations concerned with the protection of victims. In accordance with the Declaration of the Basic Principles of Justice on Victims of Crime and Abuse, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1985, it is recommended that appropriate measures be taken to protect victims on an international, regional, or national level. In this paper, we propose the improvement methods of crime victim protection law and crime victim protection support, focusing on the consideration of crime victims’ protection and support system in New Zealand, Japan, Germany and other countries.

자료 : 범죄피해자의 인권보호

최병문 ( Byung Moon Choe ) 한국경찰이론과실무학회 2008 경찰연구논집 Vol.3 No.-

범죄피해자는 타인의 범죄행위로 피해를 당한 사람과 그 배우자, 직계친족 및 형제자매, 범죄피해 방지 및 범죄피해자 구조 활동으로 피해를 당한 사람을 말한다. 이 글은 우리나라의 범죄피해자 인권보호 제도를 문헌검색을 통해 살펴본 것이다. 그 목차는 Ⅰ. 서론, Ⅱ. 피해자보호 관계법, Ⅲ. 우리나라의 피해자인권 보호제도 (1. 피해자 보호기관, 2. 「범죄피해자보호법」의 내용, 3. 「범죄피해자 보호?지원에 관한 기본계획」의 내용), Ⅳ. 결론의 순서로 되어 있다. 피해자를 보호하고 지원하는 우리나라 실정법에는 「범죄피해자보호법」을 비롯하여 「헌법」, 「범죄피해자구조법」, 「성폭력범죄의 처벌 및 피해자보호 등에 관한 법률」, 「가정폭력방지 및 피해자보호 등에 관한 법률」, 「가정폭력범죄의 처벌 등에 관한 특례법」, 「성매매방지 및 피해자보호 등에 관한 법률」, 「특정강력범죄의 처벌에 관한 특례법」등이 있다. 범죄피해자 보호기관에는 「법무부 인권국 구조지원과」, 「국가인권위원회」, 「검찰청 피해자 지원실」, 「범죄피해자지원센터」가 있다. 유관 「중앙행정기관」에는 경찰청, 교육과학기술부, 보건복지가족부, 노동부, 여성부, 국토해양부가 있고, 각 「지방자치 단체」가 지방행정을 분담하고 있다. 형사사법 영역에서 피해자와 사회적 약자에 대한 관심이 늘어났다. 범죄피해자에 대한 상담, 의료 및 보호시설 제공, 수사기관 및 법정 동행, 구조금 신청 및 법률 구조 안내, 취업알선 등 원스톱 지원체제가 구축되고, 범죄피해자신고 콜센터 및 인터넷 홈페이지 개설, 범죄피해자 주간 설정 등 범죄피해자에 대한 인권옹호가 대폭 강화되는 것은 바람직한 움직임이다. 범죄로부터의 1차 피해 방지와 수사·재판과정에서의 2차, 3차 피해를 방지하는 것은 국가기관이 수행해야 할 중요한 인권 사안이다. 그리고 국가예산이 허용한다면 이를 실질적으로 뒷받침할 수 있는 범죄피해자 변호인제도의 도입을 적극적으로 검토할 필요가 있다. This paper deals with the pressing issues on the protection of victim`s human rights in South Korea. The main outline is as follows: Chap. 1. Introduction / Chap. 2. The Legal System of Victim Protection / Chap. 3. The Protection System of Victim`s Human Rights in South Korea / Chap. 4. Concluding Remarks. There are several Acts related to victim protection, e.g., the Constitution of South Korea, the Victim Relief Act, the Victim Protection Act, the Act on the Punishment of Sexual Violence and Victim Protection, the Act on the Prevention of Family Violence and Victim Protection, the Special Act on the Punishment of Family Violence, the Act on the Prevention of Prostitution and Victim Protection, the Special Act on the Punishment of Specific Felony. Such agencies as the Ministry of Justice, the National Human Rights Commission, the Public Prosecutor`s Office and the Center for Victim Relief play an important role in the protection of victim, and the Central and Local Government as well. Concern on victim of crime and minority group are now growing. Legal assistance by public counselor could be really helpful for the victim.

형사소송법상 범죄피해자 정보보호관련 규정의 개선방안

이성대 성균관대학교 법학연구소 2012 성균관법학 Vol.24 No.3

These days, the crime victim’s active participation in criminal procedure largely had affirmative functions, and it produced problems. An example was retaliatory crime against the crime victim and witness. With reference to retaliatory crime, the Criminal Procedure Act, the Act on Protection of the Reporter of Specific Crimes had various kinds of means that could protect safety of crime victim, and possible additional damage still existed, and retaliatory crime actually increased. To keep safety of the crime victim, possible exposure of the crime victim should be lessened as much as possible. In other words, information protection of the crime victim could actually protect crime victim to require needs and appropriateness of the crime victim. However, current regulations of information protection of the crime victim had some of special laws at limited areas, and the Criminal Procedure Act had some of regulations that had a little relation with information of the crime victim. This paper examined improvement of current legal system of information protection of the crime victim, and suggested reformation and improvement of regulations of the Criminal Procedure Act. The paper examined values of information protection of the crime victim (Ⅱ), legal improvement of not only special law and the Criminal Procedure Act of information protection of the crime victim (Ⅲ), and improvement of the Criminal Procedure Act for information protection of the crime victim (Ⅳ). Current legal system of information protection of the crime victim was focused on passive information protection. The criminal procedure should have right to informational self-determination to control flow of his or her information, for which system should be reformed to give claim right that could be active to control flow of his or her information.

犯罪被害者 保護에 관한 小考

박종렬(Park Jong-Ryoel),최환석(Choi Hwan-Seok) 한국법학회 2006 법학연구 Vol.23 No.-

범죄피해자는 범죄로 인하여 인간의 존엄성과 행복추구권 기타 생존을 위해 필요한 기본적 인권을 침해당한 자라고 볼 수 있다. 전통적인 형사법체계에서 피해자는 가벌성 판단에서 논외로 취급되었을 뿐 아니라 형사절차에서는 실체적 진실의 발견을 위하여 단순히 심리하는 대상으로 전락되어 '잊혀진 존재'(vergessene Figur) 또는 '주변적 존재'(Randfigur)에 불과하였다. 피해자학의 다양한 연구 시도와 연구 성과로부터 발견할 수 있는 공통된 경향은 형사사법학과 형사법체계에서 피해자가 인격적 자율성과 인간의 존엄성을 향유하는 주체로 등장했다는 점이다. 따라서 범죄예방이라는 형사정책 분야와 실체적 진실발견이라는 형사소송법 이념 실현에서 피해자는 더 이상 주변적 존재로 남아 있을 수 없게 되었다. 우리나라는 1987년 헌법 개정을 통하여 '범죄피해자구조청구권'과 '형사절차에서의 피해자 의견진술권'을 범죄 피해자의 권리로 명시함으로써 피해자 보호를 위한 획기적인 전기를 마련하였다. 1987년 11월 「범죄피해자구조법」이 제정되었고, 성폭력범죄의처벌및피해자보호등에관한법률, 가정폭력방지법 등에서 특정 범죄의 피해자 구조를 실시하고 있다. 그러나 범죄 피해자 문제는 특정범죄의 제한유형에서 만 나타나는 것이 아니기 때문에 피해자를 보호할 수 있는 종합적인 대책 마련이 시급하다. 즉 형법이나 형사소송법 등을 중심으로 입법이 이루어져야 할 뿐만 아니라, 피해자 보호에 관한 모든 내용을 통합하는 피해자보호법이 마련되어야만 피해자 보호의 효율성이 담보될 수 있을 것이다. 그렇다 하더라도 피해자에게만 초점을 맞추어 피고인의 권리를 제한하거나 축소시키는 방향으로 나아가서는 안 될 것이다. 범죄자와 피해자의 권리를 동등하게 인정하고 보장하여야 비로소 인권보장과 실체진실 발견이라는 형사법의 '양대 이념'이 확보될 수 있을 것이다. A crime victim is thought to be a person infringed necessary fundamental human rights for human dignity characteristics and the right to pursue one's happiness others survival by a crime. A victim was outrageous by possible punishment-related judgment with a traditional Criminal Law system, and it was it in the handling, and it was fallen in an object to examine for discovery of the truth of substance in detective clause next simply without it being it, and it was only 'vergessene Figur' or 'Randfigur'. However, a victim is the fact that was not able to stay only in a fringe more than this in the field of the crime prevention criminal policy and substantial truth discovery and idea realization of the Criminal Procedure Code to say. With the Japanese Criminal Procedure Code that became a revision on May 16, 2000, the criminal law of one revision China and main contents of the Criminal Procedure Code must make a fact that focuses are put together for right protection of a victim known to everyone in 1997. The Republic of Korea prepared for epoch-making concatenation for victim protection by stating 'A crime victim help right of claim' and victim opinion statement right in detective clause next clearly in a constitutional right of a crime victim through a constitutional amendment in 1987. Therefore, I assume that measures preparation of the synthesis that can protect a victim right suddenly does it generally at time although being positive in after-ward, and enforcement of a victim policy is demanded here. The first, victim protection and recognition for a right must change. Because a nation makes an effort for introduction and nature improvement and education of a criminal investigation agency in a system positively to guarantee human being dignity characteristics and the fundamental human rights that a constitution guarantees, security may receive a right in the investigation and trial clause next a victim. The second, it must be able to be protected in investigation clause next a victim, and it must evade question that is a time insult to do questioning of a crime victim and repeated questioning. The third, a crime victim must guarantee a right to have you help you of a defense lawyer. The last, There was necessity to let I spread for positive practical use and apply it of a compensation order system and did a wide area in the above, but tried to show examination and an improvement direction for it by contents and problems of the victim protection that consisted in an existing law. Legislation of victim protection law to integrate contents of all systems to relate to victim protection must consist not only legislation must make ends meet mainly on the criminal law or the Criminal Procedure Code such improvement ideas. Victim protection will make ends meet with such a thing positively, and it may be it for this security. Because anyone may become a criminal and a victim, you must not infringe a right of the accused substantially.