유독가스 누출사고 시 피난행동에 영향을 미치는 요인의 탐색: 한국⋅일본 청년층을 대상으로 한 설문조사

김봉찬,Koshiba Yusuke,Ohtani Hideo 한국방재학회 2019 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.19 No.1

본 연구는 유독가스 누출사고 발생 시의 피난행동 분석을 위한 기초적 연구로서, 피난행동에 영향을 미치는 요인의 탐색과 피난 시 이동방법 및 정보전달수단의 파악, 더불어 배경요인에 따른 유의차 분석에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 한국(n=158)과 일본(n=108)의 청년층을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 탐색적 요인분석(EFA)과 모평균 차 검정(t-test)을 이용하여 분석을 실시하였다. EFA의 결과, 한국과 일본 모두 추출된 요인구조는 유사한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 한국인의 경우, 약 74%가 ‘자동차&오토바이’를 피난 시 이동수단으로서 선택하였으며, 정보전달 방법으로 약 36%가 ‘SNS&인터넷’을 선택했다. 한국 청년층은 일본에 비해 유의하게 유독가스 및 화학공장에 대한 공포감과 지식이 높았으며, 피난에 대한 불안감은 유의하게 낮은 것을 알 수 있었다. 성별에 따른 유의차는 불안 및 지식에서 확인할 수 있었다. The purposes of this study are to investigate the factors influencing evacuation behavior, means of transportation, effective information tools, and country and gender effects in cases of toxic gas release. In this study, questionnaire surveys were conducted among Korean (n=158) and Japanese (n=108) younger adults. Explanatory factor analyses revealed that the extracted factor structures for the Korean and Japanese samples were similar. Surveys indicated that approximately three-quarters of Koreans (74%) chose “vehicle and motorcycle” as means of transportation, and 36% chose “Social network service and Internet” as effective information tools. Korean younger adults significantly rated knowledge and fear regarding toxic gas and chemical plants and lower anxiety about evacuation higher than Japanese younger adults. Gender effects were also identified regarding knowledge and anxiety.

대학생을 대상으로 한 유독가스 누출 시의 피난의지 및 사고 정보전달에 관한 설문조사 연구

김봉찬(Kim Bong chan),코시바유스케(Koshiba Yusuke),오오타니히데오(Ohtani Hideo),권영진(Kwon Young jin) 한국방재학회 2017 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.17 No.5

최근 다양한 가스 누출 사고가 발생하고 있으며, 유독가스가 대량으로 누출되는 경우 인근 주민은 피난해야할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 유독가스 누출 시의 피난의지 및 효율적인 사고 정보전달 방법에 대하여 분석하고자 하였으며, 이를 위하여 대학생(n=225)을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 유독가스 누출 시 피난에 관련된 정보에는 피난장소를 포함하고 공적기관으로부터 옥외스피커를 이용하여 전달하는 것이 효율적일 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 평소에 화학공장으로부터 얻고 싶은 정보로는 안전정보보다 재해정보 및 피난장소에 대한 정보를 더 원하는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어 화학공장에 대한 공포감과 화학적 지식, 성별에서 유의차를 확인할 수 없었으나, 피난의지와는 유의한 관계가 있는 것을 확인하였다. In case of toxic gas release from a chemical plant, local residents may need to evacuate. The purpose of this survey for college students (n=225) is to investigate willingness to evacuate, and to find effective ways delivering emergency information when toxic gas release happens. According to survey, in the emergency situation, it is effective to use outdoor speakers by authorities to provide information regarding accidents and evacuation area. Also, in non-emergency, respondents show the tendency preferring to obtain information about accidents and evacuation area from the chemical plant rather than safety record. Futhermore, survey shows that fear for chemical plant is not affected by gender and scientific knowledge, while a statistically significant difference was found between fear for chemical plant and willingness to evacuate.

Toxic gas release modeling for real-time analysis using variational autoencoder with convolutional neural networks

Na, Jonggeol,Jeon, Kyeongwoo,Lee, Won Bo Elsevier 2018 Chemical engineering science Vol.181 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>High-accuracy gas dispersion models are necessary for predicting toxic gas movement, and for reducing the damage caused by toxic gas release accidents in chemical processes. In urban areas, where obstacles are large and abundant, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) would be the best choice for simulating and analyzing scenarios of accidental release of toxic chemicals. However, owing to the large computation time required for CFD simulation, it is inappropriate in emergency situations and in real-time alarm systems. In this study, a non-linear surrogate model based on deep learning is proposed using a variational autoencoder with deep convolutional layers and a deep neural network with batch normalization (VAEDC-DNN) for real-time analysis of the probability of death (P<SUB>death</SUB>). VAEDC can extract representation features of the P<SUB>death</SUB> contour with complicated urban geometry in the latent space, and DNN maps the variable space into the latent space for the Pdeath image data. The chlorine gas leak accident in the Mipo complex (city of Ulsan, Republic of Korea) is used for verification of the model. The proposed model predicts the P<SUB>death</SUB> image within a mean squared error of 0.00246, and compared with other models, it exhibits superior performance. Furthermore, through the smoothness of image transition in the variable space, it is confirmed that image generation is not overfitting by data memorization.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The gas leak models of industrial scale using CFD is developed. </LI> <LI> Variational autoencoder is used for data reducing and feature extraction. </LI> <LI> Deep neural network is used for mapping the variable space into the latent space. </LI> <LI> 2D contour of probability of death is generated by surrogate model. </LI> <LI> Proposed surrogate model can predict CFD result with superior performance. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

실내장식물 인테리어마감재의 연소특성에 관한 연구

조광현,이봉우,윤명오 한국가스학회 2019 한국가스학회지 Vol.23 No.4

The Interior finishing materials tried to evaluate the combustion characteristics and the dangerous characteristic of Floor finish and Wall finish. We often use, conducting the experiment ISO 5660-1, Cone Calorimeter method, and ISO-TR-9122 FT-IR. According to the result of Cone calorimeter experiment, the tile carpet FF3 of Floor material had the highest THR 74.6 mj/m2 because of the highest risk, and the PHRR of FF1 was 726 kW/m2 , which was easy to bum. As a result FT-IR test, The CO, CO2 ratio was 8,146 PPM for roll carpet FF1 than tile carpet FF2, FF3 5,996, 5,171 PPM, which was a carpet with a high toxicity risk. In the case of wall finishes, The MDF plate(WF3) was THR 86.7 mj/m2 with a high risk, PHRR 384 kW/m2 was easy to ignite and toxicity index was 5.5. The CO, CO2 ratio was 1,340 ~8,596 PPM, But the WF4 was the most toxic with 8,596 PPM. 실내장식물 인테리어 마감재에 대한 연소특성과 위험성을 ISO 5660-1 기준의 콘칼로리미터 장비와ISO-TR-9122기준 FT-IR장비로 시험하였다. 콘칼로리미터 시험결과 바닥마감재 중 타일카페트(FF3)가 총방출열량(THR)이 74.6 mj/m2 로 가장 높아 위험도가 크고, 최대 열방출률(PHRR)은 타일카페트(FF1)가 726kW/m2 로 연소가 쉽게 나타났다. FT-IR시험결과 CO, CO2 비는 타일카페트 (FF2, FF3) 5.996, 5.171 PPM 보다 롤카페트(FF1)가8.146 PPM 으로 높아 독성 위험성이 큰 카페트 임을 알 수 있었다. 벽마감재의 경우 MDF합판(WF3)가 총방출열량(THR) 86.7 mj/m2 , 위험도가 크고 최대 열방출률(PHRR) 384kW/m2 으로 착화가 쉽고, 독성지수도 5.5로 높게 나타났다. CO, CO2의 비는 1.340~8,596 PPM으로 재료에 따라 많은 차이가 있지만 폴리에스터섬유판(WF4)이8,596PPM으로 독성이 가장 높았다.

건축 내장용 장식판류의 연소발열특성 연구

이봉우 ( Bong-woo Lee ),남동군 ( Dong-gun Nam ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2018 공학기술논문지 Vol.11 No.3

It is believed that the decorative plates for architectural interior decoration are made of MDF, fiber board, and synthetic resin plate, which are mainly combustible materials, and are very vulnerable to fire. KSF ISO 5660-1 (Combustion Test) and KS F 2271 (Gas Hazard Test) were applied to 7 kinds of commercial decorative boards. The following results were obtained. In case of decorative plate, the maximum release rate was in the order of PE fiber board, MDF plywood, PVC synthetic resin, In case of actual fire PVC synthetic resin will be the biggest obstacle to the evacuation of evacuees. The average carbon monoxide production rate was found to be PVC synthetic resin, PE-fiber board and melamine synthetic resin plate, and MDF plywood was the lowest unexpectedly. Generally, synthetic resin set, which is an organic compound, showed 12 min of mouse downtime in case of fire, and MDF plywood was highly toxic with 6 min of mouse downtime as the thickness increased.

정보공시 시스템을 통한 기후변화 규제의 메커니즘

한철 ( Cheol Han ) 한남대학교 과학기술법연구소 2009 과학기술법연구 Vol.15 No.2

Global warming can severely change the climate system. Shifts in precipitation patterns, melting of snow caps and glaciers, and rising sea levels create an urgent need for a comprehensive climate change policy. Climate change has emerged as an important consideration in corporate planning today, and its profile appears likely to increase. Because of its potential adverse impacts on companies, whether through physical phenomena, regulation, or litigation, corporate planners are being forced to act. Information disclosure system such as Toxics Release Inventory has led to dramatic reductions in environmental pollutants around the world. For New York State, the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions through RGGI may be the best option at the present time. In order to be successful, RGGI will need to address how to incorporate new power plants into the market, the compensatory tax doctrine, and the enforcement of the regional cap. To date, cap-and-trade programs have been under development at the several level, The adoption and implementation of a federal cap-and-trade system must be carefully developed. Nevertheless the public is left with asymmetric information as to entities` contributions to climate change. Mandatory disclosure of GHG emissions is a necessary tool to promote emissions reductions in any nation. Mandatory information disclosure should work hand-in-hand with a cap and trade system to provide policymakers and stakeholders with a more lucid picture of a carbon regulated market. Such an integrated disclosure scheme is needed to convince firms to reduce emissions beyond compliance through continuous improvement.