Curved holographic optical elements and applications for curved see-through displays

Kiseung Bang,장창원,Byoungho Lee 한국정보디스플레이학회 2019 Journal of information display Vol.20 No.1

Holographic optical elements (HOEs) have been used as important tools for implementing augmented reality (AR) and see-through displays because they are transparent and thin. Moreover, as HOEs usually come in the shape of a thin film, they can be bent, used for coating, or attached to curved surfaces. While they can be used to implement curved AR displays, however, the applications of the curved HOE have not been sufficiently studied. In this paper, an analysis method for curved/bent HOEs using the coupled-wave theory and the numerical ray tracing method is introduced. Using this method, the influence of the surface curvature on the optical characteristics of HOEs, including the aberration and diffraction efficiency, was analyzed. Also presented herein is a method of designing the optimal curvature that can reduce the aberration. Curved HOEs can be applied to see-through displays such as head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs), or transparent screens. They can be used to expand the field of view (FOV) and to reduce the form factor. The proposed analysis method provides a useful guideline for designing practical curved see-through displays.

재난 구조 활동을 위한 증강현실(AR) 기반 소방 헬멧 HMD UI 디자인 연구 -센서 정보 시각화를 중심으로-

홍승희 ( Hong¸ Seung-hee ),이승진 ( Lee¸ Sung-jin ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회 2021 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.76 No.-

본 연구는 소방 재난 현장에서 증강현실(Augmented Reality)과 센서 기술을 기반으로 화점과 요구조자에 대한 공간 정보를 제공하는 소방 헬멧의 OST-HMD (Optical See-Through Head Mounted Display) UI 구성과 최적화된 정보표시 방법에 대한 디자인 가이드라인 개발 연구이다. 소방 헬멧에 적용되는 FMCW 라이다(LiDAR)와 EO/IR 센서 모듈은 전방 가시거리 확보가 어려운 화재 재난 상황에서 화점과 요구조자 등 구조 활동에 필요한 센서 정보를 감지하여 제공 하는 기술로, 증강현실 기술을 바탕으로 센서로부터 획득되는 공간 관련 정보를 OST-HMD에 실시간으로 표시하여 위기상황에 즉각적으로 대응하고 효율적인 구조 활동을 돕는다. 이에 센서 정보의 유형과 중요도를 파악하여 사용자 컨텍스트별 태스크 수행을 위한 UI 구성요소를 시각적 요소, 상호작용 요소, 정보 구조 요소로 분류하고 AR OST-HMD 환경의 특성상 제한된 디스플레이 내에서 사용자의 인지 오류가 발생하지 않도록 각 컴포넌트를 사용자 시야각 내에 배열하는 가이드라인을 구축하였다. 본 연구는 화재 재난 발생 시 전방 가시거리 확보가 어려운 상황에서 센서 모듈에 의해 수집되는 센서 정보를 소방 헬멧에 실시간으로 명확하게 제공하고, AR 환경에서 사용자 정보 수용에 효율적인 UI 컴포넌트 배열 가이드에 대한 방향성을 제시한 점에 의의가 있다. The present study aimed to develop an intuitional UI component and guidelines on the designs for an optimized display of the information on the Fire Helmet’s OST-HMD (Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Display) to provide information on the location of the fire points and people who need to be rescued, based on the Augmented Reality and Image Sensor Technology at the Fire and Disaster site. FMCW LiDAR and EO/IR sensor modules, which are applied in Fire Helmets, are the technology that sense and provide needed information for rescue activities where it’s challenging to secure visibilities in fire accidents. Based on the Augmented Reality technology, they facilitate immediate responses and efficient rescue activities in the crisis by providing real-time display of the location-related information acquired by the senses. In the current study, we investigated the types and importance of information from sensors and provided components by classifying visual elements, interaction elements, and information structure elements of UI components for user’s contextual task performance. Also, we constructed guidelines to arrange each element in the Viewing angle based on the characteristics of the information that prevents the user’s cognitive errors on the limited display of AR OST-HMD. The implication of this study includes providing a helpful support system in rescuing activities by providing accurate information in real-time on the Fire Helmet that is achieved by sensor modules in the invisible Fire crisis and suggesting directions of arrangements of UI components for efficient acceptance of information in AR environment.

비디오 씨쓰루 HMD 연구 동향과 주요 설계 고려 요소

이중호 국제문화기술진흥원 2019 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.5 No.2

비디오 씨쓰루 HMD(VSHMD)는 HMD 전면에 장착된 카메라를 통해 실세계 영상을 획득하여 이를 HMD의디스플레이를 통해 실시간으로 출력하는 장치로서 혼합현실, 증강현실, 가상현실 구현 도구로 활용된다. 최근 카메라및 디스플레이 기술이 급속히 발전하면서 VSHMD의 성능이 빠르게 향상되고 있으나 아직까지 VSHMD가 갖는 여러 기술적, 인간 요소적 문제들이 해결되지 못하고 있다. 본 논문은 지금까지 수행된 선행 연구 결과들을 시야각(FOV), 디스플레이 해상도, 영상지연, 시점차 등의 주요 설계 요소별로 정리하였다. 그리고 성공적인 VSHMD 개발을 위해 극복해야 할 인간요소 관점의 주요 연구주제들을 조사하였다. 이를 근거로 VSHMD의 설계, 개발 및VSHMD 응용 서비스를 개발할 때 중요하게 다뤄야 하는 기술적 이슈들을 제시하였다. The Video See-through HMD(VSHMD) captures real-world view through a camera set mounted in front of the HMD. The VSHMD outputs this visual information in real time through the display in the HMD, which technique can be used as mixed reality, augmented reality, and virtual reality device. Recently, there is growing interest in VSHMD due to the rapid development of camera and display technology. However, VSHMD is still not free from many technical huddles and human factor issues. This paper summarizes the VSHMD related researches so far, presents the major issues to be solved in advance, and suggests design considerations that should be beneficial to VSHMD development, focused on the human factors, that presents solutions to effectively overcome the limitations of VSHMD functionalities in current.

투시형 HMD를 이용한 효율적인 UAV 운용을 위한 증강현실 기반의 인터페이스 기법에 대한 연구

조완주(Wan Joo Cho),장현준(Hyun Joon Chang),문용호(Yong Ho Moon) 항공우주시스템공학회 2023 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.17 No.6

In order to effectively prevent and respond to disasters, several techniques have been developed in which the pilot wearing a see-through Head Mounted Display (HMD) performs disaster-related rescue activities using images transmitted from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). However, these techniques have limitations in quickly determining and executing tasks appropriate to the on-site situation because the pilot cannot recognize the entire field in an integrated manner. In order to overcome these problems, we propose an AR based-interface technique that allows the rescuer wearing a see-through HMD to operate a UAV efficiently. Simulation results show that the proposed interface technique allows the rescuer wearing a see-through HMD to control the gimbal and flight of the UAV at a high speed based on finger gestures in a visibility situation.

Implementation of dynamic visual acuity testing system using optical see through head mounted display

Hojun Son,Deokyoung Yun,Jungho Kim,Seunghyun Lee,Soonchul Kwon 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2017 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.9 No.3

Dynamic visual acuity is used as an important factor to measure athletic performance in sports field. A study on visual acuity testing system using non-see head mounted display (NST-HMD) was conducted recently. However, the NST-HMD has a problem that the sense of space felt by the subject differs from the actual environment. This is because the view is blocked so that it is only implemented in a virtual space. This paper proposes a dynamic visual acuity testing system using optical see through head mounted display (OST-HMD). To do this, OST-HMD and NST-HMD comparative tests were conducted using existing K-D (King-Devick) charts. Experiments were performed on 30 subjects and their visual acuity was measured and analyzed by parametric statistics and one-sample T-test. The results of the study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed OST-HMD. This study is expected to use the visual inspection and training equipment of OST-HMD.

Implementation and characterization of the optical-see-through Maxwellian near-eye display prototype using three-dimensional printing

최명호,김성복,박재형 한국정보디스플레이학회 2020 Journal of information display Vol.21 No.1

By presenting always-in-focus virtual images, Maxwellian near-eye displays can remove the vergence accommodation conflict, which causes eye fatigue or dizziness. Described in this paper are an implementation process and observations of virtual images of the optical-see-through Maxwellian near-eye display prototype made with a three-dimensional printer.

Implementation of dynamic visual acuity testing system using optical see through head mounted display

Son, Hojun,Yun, Deokyoung,Kim, Jungho,Lee, Seunghyun,Kwon, Soonchul The Institute of Internet 2017 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.9 No.3

Dynamic visual acuity is used as an important factor to measure athletic performance in sports field. A study on visual acuity testing system using non-see head mounted display (NST-HMD) was conducted recently. However, the NST-HMD has a problem that the sense of space felt by the subject differs from the actual environment. This is because the view is blocked so that it is only implemented in a virtual space. This paper proposes a dynamic visual acuity testing system using optical see through head mounted display (OST-HMD). To do this, OST-HMD and NST-HMD comparative tests were conducted using existing K-D (King-Devick) charts. Experiments were performed on 30 subjects and their visual acuity was measured and analyzed by parametric statistics and one-sample T-test. The results of the study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed OST-HMD. This study is expected to use the visual inspection and training equipment of OST-HMD.

Implementation of dynamic visual acuity testing system using optical see through head mounted display

손호준,윤덕영,이승현,권순철 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2017 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.9 No.3

Dynamic visual acuity is used as an important factor to measure athletic performance in sports field. A study on visual acuity testing system using non-see head mounted display (NST-HMD) was conducted recently. However, the NST-HMD has a problem that the sense of space felt by the subject differs from the actual environment. This is because the view is blocked so that it is only implemented in a virtual space. This paper proposes a dynamic visual acuity testing system using optical see through head mounted display (OST-HMD). To do this, OST-HMD and NST-HMD comparative tests were conducted using existing K-D (King-Devick) charts. Experiments were performed on 30 subjects and their visual acuity was measured and analyzed by parametric statistics and one-sample T-test. The results of the study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed OST-HMD. This study is expected to use the visual inspection and training equipment of OST-HMD

Fabrication of an initially-focal-conic cholesteric liquid crystal cell without polymer stabilization

Baek, Jong-Min,Oh, Seung-Won,Kim, Sang-Hyeok,Yoon, Tae-Hoon Elsevier 2018 Displays Vol.52 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) cell with the focal-conic initial state is demonstrated. Although dye-doped LC/polymer composites have been widely used for LC light shutters, dye-doped LC cells with polymer structures suffer from the degradation of dichroic dyes during the UV curing process. To avoid this problem, we propose a dye-doped cholesteric LC cell using vertical alignment layers instead of polymer structures. We have shown that the focal-conic initial state can be obtained by homeotropic anchoring without the polymer structure. The proposed device not only provides the black color but can also hide objects behind a display panel in the focal-conic initial state without the degradation of dichroic dyes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We propose a dye-doped cholesteric LC cell using vertical alignment layers. </LI> <LI> The proposed device provides black color and hides objects behind a display panel. </LI> <LI> The focal-conic initial state can be obtained without the degradation of dyes. </LI> </UL> </P>