Assessment of Food Waste Leachate Treatment in Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant

( Jong-hun Park ),( Shin-young Kang ),( Sang-hyoun Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2016 한국폐기물자원순환학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.-

Food waste leachate is an unique organic waste of Korea where the majority of food waste is recycled as animal feed and aerobic compost. In P city, there is approximately 115.7 tons of food waste produced every day, and 67.3% of food waste as volume is converted to food waste leachate. Although some of food waste leachate is treated with landfill leachate, the city needs another treatment method for the leftover. Furthermore, the effluent of combined leachate treatment facility exceeds water quality standards and is directly discharged to the ocean. Thus, the feasibility of the addition of food waste leachate on the municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWWTP) was estimated in environmental and economic views according to two scenarios. The first scenario is truck transport to MWWTP, expected to cost 181,000,000 KRW/year. The second scenario is construction of a pipeline to MWWTP, estimated to cost 123,250,000 KRW/year. In both scenarios, the effect of leachate addition on the influent water quality was assessed less than 5%. This study would provide a criteria for the food waste leachate treatment in MWWTP for P city as well as other municipalities.

Application of food waste Leachate to a municipal solid waste incinerator for reduction of NOx emission and ammonia water consumption

Jong Jin Park,Daegi Kim,Kwanyong Lee,Kyung Tae Lee,Ki Young Park 대한환경공학회 2015 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.20 No.2

This study investigates the possibility of applying food waste leachate to a municipal solid waste incinerator in order to effectively dispose of the material and to reduce the environmental impact. The spray positions and the quantity of the food waste leachate in municipal solid waste incinerator were adjusted to examine the stability of the process and the environmental effect. The rear of the first combustion chamber was found to be the desirable location for an environmental perspective in this study. At a food waste leachate injection rate of 2 m3/h, the concentration of the emitted NOx decreased from 130 ppm to 40 ppm. The consumption of ammonia water was reduced by about 36% after adding the food waste leachate. The inclusion of the food waste leachate to the municipal incinerator also increased the amount of steam that was produced. The results of this research indicated that a positive outcome can be expected in terms of diversifying the treatment options for food waste leachate. The results also provide guidance for institutional framework to manage the incineration of the food waste leachate.

Study of Anaerobic Co-Digestion on Beverage Wastewater Sludge and Food Waste Leachate

( Young-sam Yoon ),( Jun-gu Kang ),( Suyoung Lee ),( Jun-ik Son ),( Ki-heon Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 3RINCs초록집 Vol.2015 No.-

According to the elementary analysis on organic wastes, the C/N ratio, a major condition for anaerobic digestion, was 5.40 to 9.23, except for food waste leachate(FWL). Defined by Tchobanoglous’ mathematical biogas prediction model, methane gas and biogas productions increased, depending on the mixing rate of FWL. Furthermore, anaerobic digestion both wastewater sludge and food waste leachate based on the right mixing ratio, increased methane gas productions compared to digesting wastewater sludge alone. In other words, co-anaerobic digestion is more likely to realize bio-gasification than single anaerobic digestion. We mixed food waste leachate and wastewater sludge from the dairy and beer manufacturing industry by the proportion of 1:9, 3:7 and 5:5. It turns out that they produced 118, 175 and 223 CH₄ mL/g VS in the dairy manufacturing and 176, 233 and 263 CH4 mL/g VS in beer manufacturing of methane gas. The result suggests that as the mixing rate of food waste leachate rises, the methane gas productions increases as well. And more methane gas is made when co-digesting wastewater sludge and food waste leachate based on the mixing ratio, rather than digesting only wastewater sludge alone. Modified Gompertz and Exponential Model described the BMP test results that showed how methane gas are produced from organic waste. According to the test, higher the mixing rate of food waste leachate was, higher the methane gas productions was. The mixing ratio of food waste leachate that produced the largest volume of methane gas was 1:9 for the dairy industries and 3:7 for brewery. Modified Gompertz model and Exponential model described the test results very well. The correlation values(R²) that show how the results of model prediction and experiment are close was 0.920 to 0.996.

BMP test를 통한 음폐수와 하수슬러지의 병합소화 특성 평가

이수영,윤영삼,강준구,김기헌,신선경 유기성자원학회 2016 유기물자원화 Vol.24 No.1

We mix food waste leachate and sewage sludge by the proportion of 1:9, 3:7 and 5:5. It turns out that they produced 233, 298 and 344 CH4·mL/g·VS of methane gas. The result suggests that as the mixing rate of food waste leachate rises, the methane gas productions increases as well. And more methane gas is made when co-digesting sewage sludge and food waste leachate based on the mixing ratio, rather than digesting only sewage sludge alone. Modified Gompertz and Exponential Model describe the BMP test results that show how methane gas are produced from organic waste. According to the test, higher the mixing rate of food waste leachate is, higher the methane gas productions is. The mixing ratio of food waste leachate that produces the largest volume of methane gas is 3:7. Modified Gompertz model and Exponential model describe the test results very well. The correlation values(R2) that show how the results of model prediction and experiment are close is 0.92 to 0.98. 혐기성 소화의 주요 조건 중 하나인 C/N비의 경우 하수슬러지는 5.40으로 낮게 나타난 반면 음폐수(Food waste leachate)는 21.84로 높게 나타났다. C/N비가 낮을 경우 혐기성소화의 저해 요인으로 작용될 수 있기 때문에 음폐수의 높은 유기물 농도 및 C/N 비를 활용하여 메탄가스 발생량 증가시킬 수 있었다. Tchobanoglous이 제안한 이론적 메탄가스 발생량 예측수식을 적용하여 메탄 및 바이오가스 발생량을 산정한 결과 하수슬러지 단일 혐기소화의 경우 305.6 mL·CH4/g·VS, 689.4 mL·CH4/g·VS의 메탄, 바이오가스가 발생하였고 음폐수 : 하수슬러지를 1:9로 혼합한 시료는 약 322 mL·CH4/g·VS, 3:7시료에서는 약 354 mL·CH4/g·VS, 5:5시료에서는 약 386 mL·CH4/g·VS의 메탄가스가 발생하는 것으로 분석되었다. BMP 실험 결과 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율로 병합 처리한 경우 각각 약 233, 298, 344 mL·CH4/g·VS의 메탄가스가 발생하였다. 따라서 음폐수의 혼합비율이 높아질수록 메탄가스 발생량은 증가하였고 하수슬러지와 음폐수의 혼합 비율에 따른 병합처리 시 하수슬러지 단독처리에 비해 다량의 메탄가스가 발생되었다. BMP 실험을 통해 생산된 메탄가스의 누적생산 곡선을 Modified Gompertz model과 first order kinetic model에 적용하여 추정한 결과, 메탄생성량은 Modified Gompertz model에서는 238.5, 302.3, 353.6 mL/g·VS 발생하였고 first order kinetic model에서는 242.8, 312.5, 365.5 mL/g·VS로 음폐수와의 혼합비율이 증가할수록 높게 나타났으며, 최대 메탄생성속도의 경우 3:7비율에서 48.2 mL/gVS·day로 최대 메탄생성 속도를 보였다. first order kinetic model의 1차 반응속도상수 k값은 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율에 따라 0.32, 0.22, 0.08day-1 나타났다. 1차 반응속도 상수의 경우 음폐수의 혼합비율이 낮을수록 높게 나타났다. Modified Gompertz와 first order kinetic model 모두 실험결과를 잘 모사하였으며, 실험결과와 모의결과의 적합도를 나타내는 상관계수(R2)의 경우 0.92∼0.98으로 높은 상관성을 나타내었다.

음료제조업 폐수처리슬러지와 음폐수의 병합소화 가능성 연구

윤영삼,강준구,손준익,김기헌,이수영 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.32 No.4

According to the elementary analysis on organic wastes, the C/N ratio, a major condition for anaerobic digestion, is 5.40 to 9.23, except for food waste leachate (FWL). Defined by Tchobanoglous’ mathematical biogas prediction model, methane gas and biogas productions increased, depending on the mixing rate of FWL. Furthermore, anaerobic digestion both wastewater sludge and food waste leachate based on the right mixing ratio, increases methane gas productions compared to digesting wastewater sludge alone. In other words, co-anaerobic digestion is more likely to realize biogasification than single anaerobic digestion. We mix food waste leachate and wastewater sludge from the dairy and beer manufacturing industry by the proportion of 1 : 9, 3 : 7 and 5 : 5. It turns out that they produced 118, 175 and 223 CH4 mL/g VS in the dairy manufacturing and 176, 233 and 263 CH4 mL/g VS in beer manufacturing of methane gas. The result suggests that as the mixing rate of food waste leachate rises, the methane gas productions increases as well. And more methane gas is made when co-digesting wastewater sludge and food waste leachate based on the mixing ratio, rather than digesting only wastewater sludge alone. Modified Gompertz and Exponential Model describe the BMP test results that show how methane gas are produced from organic waste. According to the test, higher the mixing rate of food waste leachate is, higher the methane gas productions is. The mixing ratio of food waste leachate that produces the largest volume of methane gas is 1 : 9 for the dairy industries and 3 : 7 for brewery. Modified Gompertz model and Exponential model describe the test results very well. The correlation values (R2) that show how the results of model prediction and experiment are close is 0.920 to 0.996.

음료제조업 폐수처리슬러지와 음폐수의 병합소화 가능성 연구

윤영삼,강준구,손준익,김기헌,이수영 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.32 No.4

According to the elementary analysis on organic wastes, the C/N ratio, a major condition for anaerobic digestion, is 5.40 to 9.23, except for food waste leachate (FWL). Defined by Tchobanoglous’ mathematical biogas prediction model, methane gas and biogas productions increased, depending on the mixing rate of FWL. Furthermore, anaerobic digestion both wastewater sludge and food waste leachate based on the right mixing ratio, increases methane gas productions compared to digesting wastewater sludge alone. In other words, co-anaerobic digestion is more likely to realize biogasification than single anaerobic digestion. We mix food waste leachate and wastewater sludge from the dairy and beer manufacturing industry by the proportion of 1 : 9, 3 : 7 and 5 : 5. It turns out that they produced 118, 175 and 223 CH4 mL/g VS in the dairy manufacturing and 176, 233 and 263 CH4 mL/g VS in beer manufacturing of methane gas. The result suggests that as the mixing rate of food waste leachate rises, the methane gas productions increases as well. And more methane gas is made when co-digesting wastewater sludge and food waste leachate based on the mixing ratio, rather than digesting only wastewater sludge alone. Modified Gompertz and Exponential Model describe the BMP test results that show how methane gas are produced from organic waste. According to the test, higher the mixing rate of food waste leachate is, higher the methane gas productions is. The mixing ratio of food waste leachate that produces the largest volume of methane gas is 1 : 9 for the dairy industries and 3 : 7 for brewery. Modified Gompertz model and Exponential model describe the test results very well. The correlation values (R2) that show how the results of model prediction and experiment are close is 0.920 to 0.996.

BMP test를 통한 음폐수와 하수슬러지의 병합소화 특성 평가

이수영ㆍ윤영삼ㆍ강준구ㆍ김기헌ㆍ신선경(Su young LeeㆍYoung Sam YoonㆍJun Gu KangㆍKi Heon KimㆍSun Kyoung Shin) 유기성자원학회 2016 유기물자원화 Vol.24 No.1

혐기성 소화의 주요 조건 중 하나인 C/N비의 경우 하수슬러지는 5.40으로 낮게 나타난 반면 음폐수(Food waste leachate)는 21.84로 높게 나타났다. C/N비가 낮을 경우 혐기성소화의 저해 요인으로 작용될 수 있기 때문에 음폐수의 높은 유기물 농도 및 C/N 비를 활용하여 메탄가스 발생량 증가시킬 수 있었다. Tchobanoglous이 제안한 이론적 메탄가스 발생량 예측수식을 적용하여 메탄 및 바이오가스 발생량을 산정한 결과 하수슬러지 단일 혐기소화의 경우 305.6 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 689.4 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄, 바이오가스가 발생하였고 음폐수 : 하수슬러지를 1:9로 혼합한 시료는 약 322 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 3:7시료에서는 약 354 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 5:5시료에서는 약 386 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄가스가 발생하는 것으로 분석되었다. BMP 실험 결과 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율로 병합 처리한 경우 각각 약 233, 298, 344 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄가스가 발생하였다. 따라서 음폐수의 혼합비율이 높아질수록 메탄가스 발생량은 증가하였고 하수슬러지와 음폐수의 혼합 비율에 따른 병합처리 시 하수슬러지 단독처리에 비해 다량의 메탄가스가 발생되었다. BMP 실험을 통해 생산된 메탄가스의 누적생산 곡선을 Modified Gompertz model과 first order kinetic model에 적용하여 추정한 결과, 메탄생성량은 Modified Gompertz model에서는 238.5, 302.3, 353.6 mL/gㆍVS 발생하였고 first order kinetic model에서는 242.8, 312.5, 365.5 mL/gㆍVS로 음폐수와의 혼합비율이 증가할수록 높게 나타났으며, 최대 메탄생성속도의 경우 3:7비율에서 48.2 mL/gVSㆍday로 최대 메탄생성 속도를 보였다. first order kinetic model의 1차 반응속도상수 k값은 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율에 따라 0.32, 0.22, 0.08day-1 나타났다. 1차 반응속도 상수의 경우 음폐수의 혼합비율이 낮을수록 높게 나타났다. Modified Gompertz와 first order kinetic model 모두 실험결과를 잘 모사하였으며, 실험결과와 모의결과의 적합도를 나타내는 상관계수(R2)의 경우 0.92∼0.98으로 높은 상관성을 나타내었다. We mix food waste leachate and sewage sludge by the proportion of 1:9, 3:7 and 5:5. It turns out that they produced 233, 298 and 344 CH4ㆍmL/gㆍVS of methane gas. The result suggests that as the mixing rate of food waste leachate rises, the methane gas productions increases as well. And more methane gas is made when co-digesting sewage sludge and food waste leachate based on the mixing ratio, rather than digesting only sewage sludge alone. Modified Gompertz and Exponential Model describe the BMP test results that show how methane gas are produced from organic waste. According to the test, higher the mixing rate of food waste leachate is, higher the methane gas productions is. The mixing ratio of food waste leachate that produces the largest volume of methane gas is 3:7. Modified Gompertz model and Exponential model describe the test results very well. The correlation values(R2) that show how the results of model prediction and experiment are close is 0.92 to 0.98.

호기성 미생물을 이용한 음폐수의 처리 및 자원화에 관한 연구

강보미(Bo Mi Kang),황현욱(Hyeon Uk Hwang),김지훈(Ji Hoon Kim),양용운(Yong Woon Yang),김영주(Young Ju Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구는 호기성 미생물에 의한 음폐수의 소멸화에 따른 감량화 특성을 확인하고 더 나아가 퇴비화로서의 가능성을 평가하고자 하였다. 이에 호기성 반응조에 유기성 액상음식폐기물과 호기·호열·호산으로 알려진 미생물 제재를 이용하여 음폐수의 소멸화 및 감량화 실험을 하였다. 그 결과 액상 음식 폐기물의 반복적인 투입에도 불구하고 반응조 내의 무게 감량률은 점차 증가하여 43일에 87.3%의 감량 효과가 나타났다. 9일 이후에 pH 3.7~3.9, 강열감량 88.7~87.3% 및 유기물 함량 77.6~80.9%로 나타났다. C/N비는 8일째부터 비료기준인 25 이하로 13~15사이를 유지하였고, 염분 함량은 2% 미만이었다. 또한 중금속은 기준치 보다 훨씬 낮은 농도로 검출되었다. This test established the bioavailability and sample input by mixing the maintaining the microbial machine parts and food waste leachates in weight of 2:1 as advanced experiment, maintaining the constant temperature, agitating and observing its weight and property change for 60 hours. And, I injected daily the established microbial machine parts and food waste leachates rate, maintained the temperature in the reactor with 55~65℃, and agitated with constant speed. I studied the recycling possibility of food waste leachates by extracting the sample after 24 hours, verifying its characteristics, and repeating the food waste leachates input and sample extraction for about 40 days. Considering all about the results of this study, I saw that 87.32% of food waste leachates was reduced, and the solid of bluebug or food included in the food waste leachates was decomposed within 24 hrs. pH for 43 days after 9 days of stabilization period was maintained from 3.7~3.9 and the ignition loss from 88.67~87.3%, and the quantity of organic matter from 77.6~80.88%. With the similar result daily maintained, it is considered to progress more the minimization by inputting the future food waste leachates. C/N rate satisfies the less than 25 that is the composting basis within 8 days, maintaining between 13~15, with 2% of salt not exceeded, it is able to recycle as the compost of food waste leachates as based on the composting with no extracted heavy metal content.

대전광역시 바이오에너지 시설 혐기성 소화 효율분석

정구황,현재혁,배현영,김재만,최경훈,정해찬 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2018 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.35 No.3

Since 2005 the landfilling of food waste has been prohibited, and many recycling facilities (private, domestic, animalfeed conversion, public composting) have been constructed and operated as waste-treatment centers. However, due to the negative attitude of users on the domestic animal feed and compost produced from food waste, the byproducts of waste have created a vicious cycle, needing treatment themselves. In addition, the London Convention prohibited the discharge of organic waste such as sewage sludge into the ocean in 2012 and of food-waste leachate in 2013. An alternative to landfilling and incineration is to treat biomass with anaerobic digestion. However, the anaerobic-digestion efficiency of the Daejeon City bioenergy facility, which has adopted a mixed digestion process of food waste and food waste leachate, has not been reproduced in other municipalities due to a misunderstanding of anaerobic digestion and a lack of operating skill. Thus, the anaerobic-digestion efficiency of the bioenergy facility in Deajeon is analyzed, and it provides basic information for the anaerobic co-digestion of organic wastes.

음식물류 폐기물의 조성과 부패기간에 따른 악취 발생과 침출수 생성 특성

조준표,강정희,오정섭,송지현 한국냄새환경학회 2017 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.16 No.3

During the decay process of food waste, odor and leachate are generally produced because food is easily decomposed due to its high organic and moisture contents. In this study, various food waste samples, including samples artificially prepared and collected from actual waste containers, were tested to determine odor and leachate production as the samples were decomposed at a constant temperature of 35°C. In the air phase, total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), acetaldehyde (AA), methyl mercaptan (MM), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) were measured as a function of the decay period for four days. The results of the experiment showed that TVOC and AA were produced at higher concentrations in the actual food waste than in all artificial wastes. The AA concentration accounted for about 90% of the TVOC in all of the waste samples except for the food waste containing meat and fish only. The concentrations of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) were generally lower than 100 μg/kg, and the concentration of DMS was the highest among the VSCs. In the waste sample containing meat and fish only; however, the concentration of VSCs increased up to 1,700 μg/kg, and mostly consisted of MM and DMS. Complex odor concentrations were found to be the highest after a decay period of 12-48 hours. In addition, the complex odor was mostly related to VSCs with low odor thresholds rather than the TVOC. The pH values mostly decreased from 5 to 3.5 as the waste samples were in the decomposition periods, while the pH value increased to 6 in the food waste containing meat and fish only. Consequently, odor intensity and leachate production were the highest in the 12-48 hour range as the decomposition started, and thus an appropriate control strategy needs to be implemented based on the waste composition and the decay period.