慢性腎絲球體炎 : 증상·치료·간호

강정희 대한간호협회 1965 대한간호 Vol.4 No.-

제주방언의 접속어미와 동작상어미와의 상관성에 대하여

강정희 국어학회 1987 국어학 Vol.16 No.-

특수관계인에 대한 부당한 이익제공 금지’에 관한 대법원 판례 분석

강정희 서강대학교 법학연구소 2023 법과기업연구 Vol.13 No.1

Although internal transactions of business groups have positive aspects such as increased efficiency and reduced transaction costs due to vertical integration, it is true that the negative aspects are being more highlighted because of the characteristics of the ownership and governance structure of Korea's chaebols, which exercise management rights over the entire business group based on a high internal shareholding ratio secured through a circular shareholding of affiliates or specially related parties or a holding company. Accordingly, in addition to the conventional prohibition of acts of unfair support, the revision of the Fair Trade Act in 2013 newly established a provision prohibiting acts of providing unfair benefits to specially related parties. As the history of regulation is short, the first judgment to which Article 23-2 (1) of the Fair Trade Act was applied was finally pronounced by the Supreme Court in May, 2022 (decision 2017두63993 on May 12, 2022). Afterwards, the Hite Jinro case (on May 26, 2022. 2020두36267), the corporate group Hyosung case (on November 10, 2022. 2021두35759), and the corporate group Taekwang case (on March 16, 2022. 2022두38113), Supreme Court decisions were passed one after another. Each judgment is significant in that it clearly clarified its position on several issues on which opinions were divided over the interpretation of Article 23-2 of the Fair Trade Act. In this article, we briefly review the significance of the provision of unfair benefits to specially related parties and controversial issues, and focus on the legal principles newly declared by the Supreme Court in the Hanjin, Hite-Jinro, Hyosung, and Taekwang cases. In particular, with regard to the meaning and burden of proof of ‘attribution of unfair profits’ through the Hanjin case, whether or not indirect transactions were included in the act of providing unfair profits to a specially related parties through the Hyosung case, and the meaning and the judging criteria of ‘involvement’ in the act of providing unfair benefits to a specially related parties(Article 23-2, Paragraph 4 of the former law) through the Taekwang case, will be reviewed. 기업 집단의 내부거래는 수직 결합에 따른 효율성 증대와 거래비용 절감 효과 등 긍정적인 측면이 있음에도 불구하고, 총수 일가가 소수의 지분을 가지고 순환출자나 지주회사를 통해서 확보된 높은 내부지분율을 바탕으로 기업집단 전체의 경영권을 행사하는우리나라 재벌의 소유지배구조의 특징 때문에 부정적인 측면이 더 많이 부각되고 있는것이 사실이다. 이에 종래 부당지원행위 금지에 더하여 소위 사익편취를 규제하고자2013년 공정거래법 개정으로 특수관계인에 대한 부당한 이익제공 금지 규정(구 공정거래법 제23조의2)이 신설되었다. 2022년 5월, 위 규정이 적용된 첫 번째 판결이 대법원에서 선고되었고(대법원 2022. 5. 12. 선고 2017두63993 판결, 기업집단 한진 사건). 이후 기업집단 하이트진로 사건(대법원 2022. 5. 26. 선고 2020두36267 판결), 기업집단 효성 사건(대법원 2022. 11. 10. 선고 2021두35759 판결)에 이어 기업집단 태광 사건(대법원 2023. 3. 16. 선고2022두38113 판결)까지 대법원 판결이 잇따라 선고되었다. 각 판결은 구 공정거래법 제23조의2의 해석론을 둘러싸고 의견이 분분했던 몇 가지 쟁점에 대하여 법원의 입장을명확하게 밝혔다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 이 글에서는 특수관계인에 대한 부당한 이익제공 금지 규정의 의의와 그동안 논란이되었던 쟁점에 대해 간략히 살펴보고, 기업집단 한진, 하이트진로, 효성, 태광 사건에서대법원이 새롭게 선언한 법리를 중심으로 검토한다. 특히 한진 사건에서는 ‘부당한 이익의 귀속’의 의미 및 입증책임에 관하여, 효성 사건에서는 특수관계인에 대한 부당한 이익제공에 ‘간접거래’가 포함되는지 여부를, 태광 사건에서는 동일인 또는 특수관계인이특수관계인에 대한 부당한 이익제공에 관여하였는지(구 공정거래법 제23조의2 제4항)와관련하여 동조항의 ‘관여’의 의미 및 그 판단기준을 살펴본다.

장애노인의 자살생각에 미치는 다차원적 영향요인 연구: 제주특별자치도를 중심으로

강정희,유은경 경성대학교 사회과학연구소 2019 社會科學硏究 Vol.35 No.3

The purpose of this study was to analyze multidimensional factors influencing on suicidal ideation of the old people with disabilities. This study used 2018 survey for old people with disabilities in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province for analysis. Data from a total of 293 participants aged over 50 years were used to identify multidimensional factors from five levels(individual dimension, psychosocial dimension, physical health dimension, socioeconomic dimension, social integration dimension) influencing suicidal ideation. For analysis, logistic regression analysis were conducted. The results were as follows: Sex, assistance for activities of daily living. psychosocial isolation, experiences related to discrimination and violence, income below two million won a month, the relationship with major careworkers, and social organization participation influenced suicidal ideation of old people with disabilities. This finding gives significant policy and practice implications for prevention of suicidal ideation of old people with disabilities in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. 본 연구는 제주지역 장애노인의 자살사망을 예방하기 위한 기초적인 위기개입 근거를 마련하기 위한 목적으로 장애노인의 자살생각에 영향을 미치는 요인을 다차원적으로 규명하고자 하였다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 2018년도에 조사된 제주특별자치도 고령장애인 실태 및 욕구조사 자료를 활용하여 50세 이상 장애노인 293명을 대상으로 로지스틱 회귀분석 방법에 의해 다섯 차원의 개인적 요인, 심리정서적 요인, 신체적 건강요인, 사회경제적 요인, 사회통합 요인이 장애노인의 자살생각에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다: 남성장애노인의 경우가, 심리사회적 고립감이 높을수록, 사회활동 차별 및 폭력경험이 있는 경우가, 일상생활수행도움이 필요한 경우가, 월 200만원 미만의 소득일 경우, 주요 돌봄제공자와의 관계변화정도가 나쁠수록, 사회단체가입 및 활동을 하고 있지 않은 경우가 자살생각에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 제주특별자치도 장애노인의 자살사망을 예방하기 위한 정책 및 실천적 제언을 하였다. 본 연구는 제주지역 장애노인의 자살에 대한 연구 자료가 부족한 가운데 제주지역 차원의 자살예방 정책수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 첫 시도로써 의의가 크다고 할 수 있다.

초등학교 학생의 사회성발달을 위한 문화 공간 연구

강정희,이재림 (사)한국교육녹색환경연구원 2010 교육·녹색환경연구 Vol.9 No.2

Elementary school is the beginning step of personal relationships. However, the recent social phenomenon shows that the communication and intimate fellowship between the children are decreasing. This is due to the increase in Internet uses their parents' excessive protection caused by a low birthrate. School performs an important role in educating and socializing students. Students get intellectual and emotional satisfactions while they spend most of a day there. This research is aimed to understand cultural school environment for students, to help socializing and to improve the necessary cultural environment. Also, this research has guided to the understanding of the expanded socializtion, including improving school cultural environment for students and has presente the direction to improve the necessary cultural environment. The next was obtained from a survey of Elementary school students.

서서평 선교사의 윤리적 특성에 관한 연구: 청교도적 윤리

강정희 21세기기독교사회문화아카데미 2022 신학과 사회 Vol.36 No.2

This research aims to clarify the characteristics of the ethic of Elizabeth Joanna Shepping who was a woman missionary in Korea in the era of Japanese colonialism. Her ethical characteristics such as integrity of faith and life, thrifty, reformative social service, are based on her faith and experiences. Above all, conspicuous characteristics of her ethic is Puritanic integrity. That is, her and puritan ethic are considerably similar in their characteristics. They are Bible-centrism, home as a faith enhancing place, reformative social service, and sharing possessions as steward/ese of God. Then, these ethical similarities seem to be connected with her educational and missional experiences from Bible Teachers Training School and Southern Presbyterian Church in U. S. However, this connection needs more additional research to clarify the relevances. 이 논문은 지금까지의 서서평 선교사에 관한 연구가 주로 선교학 분야와 영성 등에 국한된 면에서 벗어나 기독교윤리의 측면에서 분석을 하고자 하는 의도로 쓰여 졌다. 이런 관점에서 본 서서평 윤리의 특징은 그녀의 생애 속에서의 신앙과 삶에 기반하고 있고, 신행일치, 검박한 삶, 그리고 개혁적 사회봉사의 특성을 지닌다. 이는 그녀가 지 닌 윤리가 뚜렷한 통전적(統全的)인 특성을 지녔다는 것을 보여준다. 그런데 이런 그녀 의 윤리의 특성은 성경 중심, 신앙과 삶의 중요한 훈련장으로서의 가정의 중요성, 개 혁적인 성향과 함께 섬김과 나눔의 삶을 지향하는 면에서 상당한 청교도적 특징을 가 지고 있다. 그런데 이런 특성은 추가적으로 규명되지는 않았지만 성경교사훈련학교에서 의 배움과 미국 남장로교의 영향을 받아서 존재한다고 할 수 있을 것이다.

웹 기반 학습 프로그램 이용자의 학습 행태 평가

강정희 한국의학교육학회 2007 Korean journal of medical education Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: Web-based instructional programs have been criticized that it is not easy to grasp learners' learning behaviors. This study applied the web-based instructional program with log data analysis plans to a group of participants, and (1) explored variables of learners' learning behaviors, and (2) compared the level of learners' understanding about the topic before and after the program completion. Methods: A total of 44 nursing students in their third year of one university participated in this descriptive study with one group pre-test and post-test design. Results: The variables were actually produced, and reflected how participants completed the program. Participants' knowledge about the topic improved after the program completion. However, when the participants were divided into two groups depending on their learning behaviors, participants with honest learning behaviors performed better. Conclusion: This study confirmed that it was possible to grasp learners' learning activities by analyzing log data, and suggested that answering multiple choice items through internet may not be enough to determine the effects of an instructional program usage. More studies are in need to select appropriate indicators that could reflect learners' learning behaviors effectively and efficiently.

하도급법 위반에 따른 벌점 부과 및 입찰참가자격제한 요청 결정에 대한 쟁송법적 검토 - 대법원 2023. 1. 12. 선고 2020두50683 판결, 2020두50690, 2020두54890 판결 및 대법원 2023. 2. 2. 선고 2020두48260 판결을 중심으로 -

강정희 한국경쟁법학회 2023 競爭法硏究 Vol.47 No.-

If a business entity violates the Subcontracting Act, penalty points are imposed in accordance with Article 26 Paragraph 2 of the Subcontracting Act, besides a corrective order or imposition of a penalty surcharge. If these penalty points accumulated exceed a certain threshold, the Fair Trade Commission(FTC) must request measures such as restrictions on qualifications for a bidding to the head of the relevant administrative agencies. The FTC’s request for measures such as restrictions on participation in bidding is followed in accordance with the State Contracts Act and the Local Government Contracts Act. The State Contracts Act stipulates that a person who has been requested by the FTC to restrict qualifications for participation in bidding is an unfair business person, and the head of each central government agency must restrict the participation qualification of the relevant unfair business person. As such, in a series of procedures from the imposition of penalty points under the Subcontracting Act to the disposition of restrictions on participation in bidding under the State Contract Act, there was a problem in which it was not clear at what stage the administrative agencies' decision-making could be contested through a lawsuit. However recently there were several Supreme Court decisions, some of which denied the disposability of the FTC’s imposition of penalty points under the Subcontracting Act(2020Do50683, 2020Do50690, 2020Do54890) while one of which acknowledged the disposability of the FTC’s decision to restrict on participation in bidding(2020Do48260). Conventionally, there has been some discussions from the aspect of dispute law on 'intermediate disposition made as a precedent procedure for the final administrative disposition', but the decisions to impose penalty points and limit the eligibility for bidding under the Subcontracting Act is a case in which one interim disposition leads to subsequent dispositions from multiple administrative agencies. That is it has s unique structure. So far it has not been dealt much in the field of the fair trade law as well as the subcontracting law in the aspect of the dispute law, whether or not it is subject to an appeal litigation where a business can fight against the unfavorable disposition of the administrative agencies. However, considering that remedies for rights through the elimination of disadvantages of business entities are just as important as the significance of the bidding qualification restriction system in order to secure fairness and transparency in bidding, dispute law discussions related to the Subcontracting Act should not be ignored only because they are unfamiliar. In particular, in some cases, since the disposition of restriction on participation in bidding is a strong enough sanctioning measure which could decide the survival of a business, business entities are willing to remove any disadvantages before the restriction on participation in bidding is issued or penalty points is imposed, and that is the reason we need to pay more attention to this matter. In this article, I will give an overview of the system of restriction on qualification for participation in bidding and imposition of penalty points, treat the general theory of disposability under the Dispute law in order to review the disposability of the decision to impose penalty points and request for restriction on participation in bidding under the Subcontracting Act. After that, I will analyze the Supreme Court’s decisions, and show how it would affect the remedy of rights surrounding the bidding qualification restriction system in the future.

언어 접촉과 언어 변화 : 오사카 거주 제주방언 화자 사회의 방언 보존에 대한 조사 a field study on preservation of Jeju dialect in Osaka area of Japan

강정희 국어학회 2002 국어학 Vol.40 No.-

이 조사는 오사카 거주 제주출신 재일 동포 1세 화자들을 대상으로 실시한 일본어 사회 안에서의 제주방언 보존 실태에 관한 것이다. 조사 대상은 현재 제주 지역에서는 거의 들을 수 없게 된 'ㆍ'음의 보존 현상이다. 조사 결과 이 사회의 70∼95세인 고령 집단에서는 'ㆍ'음의 보존이 70% 이상으로 나타났으나 60대 이하에서는 조사되지 못하였다. 이 1세 사회 안의 'ㆍ'음에 의한 방언 차는 '이주 시기+나이'가 적용될 때 합리적인 설명을 할 수가 있었다. 특히 60대 이하 집단에서 이주 시기가 변수가 되는 이유는 이들 집단이 제주도 현지에 있었던 언어습득 완성 시기인 1950∼1960년에 이 지역이 급격한 외부와의 접촉에 의한 외부 언어의 간섭을 받았던 시기였기 때문이다. 지금부터 50여 년 이전부터 사용하던 이 지역의 방언형이 현재 오사카 거주 재일 동포 1세 사회에 그대로 보존이 되고 있었다. This paper is a survey on Jeju dialect in the 1'st generation of ZAI-NICHI KOREAN community in Osaka areas. The main subject of this work is pronunciation of first syllable 'ㆍ'([??]) which is now generally regarded as that it almost has been gone in Jeju area. This research also provides excellent illustrations of the way in which Jeju dialect has been changed for last 60-30 years in both ZAI-NICHI KOREAN community and Jeju area. The results are as follow: The difference of dialect in ZAI-NICHI KOREAN community was discovered by pronunciation of 'ㆍ'([??]). The old-age group(age of 70-95)which was immigrated to this area before the Korean War(1950-53) are able to pronounce 'ㆍ'([??]) correctly, but middle-age group (age of 50-60)which was immigrated after the Korean War pronounce 'ㆍ'([??]) as [o]. According to this variance, this community can be divided into two groups.

데이터 수집과 그 제한의 한계 - 야놀자 판결과 링크드인 판결 사이에서-

강정희 한국경쟁법학회 2022 競爭法硏究 Vol.46 No.-

We are experiencing conflicts of different values ​​about data in the era of the data economy. As the economic value and likelihood of data use are increasing day by day, businesses trying to collect as much data as possible hardly takes the situation where letting competitors to take their data without any limitation. While businesses are do their best to build an institutional foundation for maximizing the efficiency of 76)data use or activating data transactions, web crawling which uses a robot to copy entire web page data is regulated as an act of unfair competition. Despite the positive expectations of productivity improvement and new business creation through data utilization, there have been various discussions about the necessity and method of certain rules for online data collection and use. Web crawling is a representative digital technology and industrial strategy that is being discussed at the intersection of positive and negative contexts arising from such a data economy. Recently on the matter of a company who crawled the database from competitor's accommodation app server, it was sentenced not guilty in a criminal case but the liability for damages was recognized in a civil case. So market participants are complaining about the obscurity of the criteria of legality and illegality. On the other hand, the US judgment suggested that the act of LinkedIn restricting crawling of HiQ Laps may violate competition law. This makes market participants and consumers to seek for the answers about the permitted and forbidden range of the use of crawling. When crawling cannot be completely controlled in the likelihood of violating the law due to the nature of it, more serious discussion needs to set a criteria for judgment of permitalbe range of crawling, which has been normally used in the field of data industry where collecting and processing data acts as an necessary critical technology factor for business activities. In this paper, I will examine how the Fair Trade Act can regulate in regards to crawling data collection and restricting crawling through analysis of ‘Yanolja’ case and ‘Linkedin’ Case.