A Study on the Element Technologies in Flame Arrester of End Line

Minh-Ngoc Pham,최민선,김부기 해양환경안전학회 2019 海洋環境安全學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

An end-line flame arrester allows free venting in combination with flame protection for vertical vent applications. End-line flame arresters are employed in various fields, especially in shipping. In flame arresters, springs are essential parts because the spring load and the spring's elasticity determine the hood opening moment. In addition, the spring has to work under a high-temperature condition because of the burning gas flame. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the mechanical load and elasticity of the spring when the flame starts to appear. Based on simulations of the working process of a specific end-line flame arrester, a thermal and structural analysis of the spring is performed. A three-dimensional model of a burned spring is built using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Results of the CFD analysis are input into a finite element method simulation to analyze the spring structure. The research team focused on three cases of spring loads: 43, 93, and 56 kg, correspondingly, at 150 mm of spring deflection. Consequently, the spring load was reduced by 10 kg after 5 min under a 1,000 ºC heat condition. The simulation results can be used to predict and estimate the spring’s load and elasticity at the burning time variation. Moreover, the obtained outcome can provide the industry with references to optimize the design of the spring as well as that of the flame arrester.

Body 온도 특성 분석을 통한 In-Line Flame Arrester의 소염 성능 분석

고성진(Seong-Jin Ko),김병욱(Byung-Wook Kim),박정훈(Jeong-Hoon Park),강규홍(Gyu-Hong Kang),이선권(Sun-Kwon Lee) 한국해군과학기술학회 2020 Journal of the KNST Vol.3 No.1

In this study, we proposed a method to infer flame arrester anti-flame performance through analysis of Housing temperature characteristics. Especially in the detonation condition, the phenomenon was analyzed experimentally by checking the temperature rise, the transition outside the body of the flame arrester, and the distribution characteristics.

아크릴산 제조공정 사고사례를 통한 소각 시스템의 안전성 향상 방안

마병철(Byung-Chol Ma),이근원(Keun-Won Lee),임지표(Ji-Pyo Im),김영철(Young-Chul Kim) 한국가스학회 2012 한국가스학회지 Vol.16 No.4

최근 대기환경규제의 강화로 화학공장에서 발생하는 폐가스를 소각 처리하는 경우가 증대되고 있다. 이러한 소각설비는 저장탱크 상부와 배관을 통해 연결되어 화염을 통하여 폐가스를 연소 소각시키기 때문에, 배관을 따라 화염이 역화될 경우에는 치명적인 사고로 연결될 수 있다. 본 연구는 아크릴산 제조공정의 소각시스템에서 발생한 중대산업사고에 대해 폭발의 3요소와 화염의 전파 원인을 분석하여 사고 예방대책 및 안전성 향상 방안을 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 첫째, 소각시스템의 송풍기를 재 가동하기 전에는 공기 또는 불활성 가스로 충분히 희석하여 폭발을 예방하여야 한다. 둘째, 폭굉으로 전이된 화염이 저장탱크로 전파되지 않도록 소각설비의 전단 및 저장탱크 상부에 폭굉용 화염방지기를 설치하는 것이 필요하다. 섯째, 폭연용 화염방지기를 그대로 사용할 경우에는 그 전단에 파열판을 설치하거나 저장탱크 상부와 소각설비의 배관을 후드식으로 연결하여 폭굉으로 전이된 화염을 저장탱크 밖으로 분출시켜야 한다. 마지막으로, 소각설비에 연결된 송풍기의 제어반(MCC)에 순간정전 보상장치인 시간지연계전기(TDR: time delay relay)등을 설치하여 순간정전 후에도 자동으로 재가동될 수 있도록 조치해야 한다. Recently, waste gas incineration is increasing due to strong environmental regulatory system in Korea. These incinerating facilities are usually connected with the top of the storage tank through pipeline and incinerate off gas with the flame. Therefore, the flame originated from these facilities is likely to move back into pipeline and might cause an explosion of the storage tank. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to suggest the preventive measures and the way to improve the safety of these incineration systems through the cause analysis of a major industrial accident occurred in a acrylic acid manufacturing process in Korea. As a result of the study, the preventive measures are suggested as follows. (1) Air or inert gas inflow facilities should be well designed to dilute flammable gases into air or inert gas sufficiently before the blower is restarted in order to prevent the explosion (2) It is needed for the detonation-type flame arresters to be installed on the top of the storage tanks. (3) In case of using the deflagration-type flame arresters, it is necessary to install a rupture disk before the arresters, or blow off the flame outside tanks by connecting the tank top and the incinerator with hood-type pipe. (4) TDR should be installed to be restarted automatically after the momentary power failure.

내부 부상형저장탱크(IFRT) 화재․ 폭발 예방대책에 관한 연구

구채칠,최재욱 한국화재소방학회 2019 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.33 No.1

This study examined the safety of storage tanks by analyzing the causes of fire on outdoor storage tanks. The outdoorstorage tank is a fixed device for the long-term storage of dangerous goods and consists of a tank body and accessories;the accessories consist of a vent system, breather valve, flame arrestor, etc. The flame arrestor is a necessary safety measureto prevent fire explosions on outdoor storage tanks. On the other hand, it has been suggested that the installation of a flamearrester is necessary to compare the domestic and international standards. In addition, the flame arrester should be installedin the existing outdoor storage tanks, to complement foreign standards because there are not enough domestic standards toverify the performance of the flame arrester. 본 연구는 옥외저장탱크에서 발생한 화재의 근본적인 원인분석을 통해 저장탱크의 안전을 유지할 목적으로 수행되었다. 옥외저장탱크는 위험물을 장기간 저장하기 위한 고정장치로 탱크본체 및 부속장치로 구성되며, 부속장치는벤트 시스템, 브레더 밸브, 화염방지기 등으로 구성된다. 화염방지기는 옥외저장탱크의 화재․폭발을 방지하기 위해필요한 안전장치이다. 하지만 최근 발생한 옥외저장탱크 화재를 계기로 기존에 설치되어 운용중인 옥외저장탱크에안전성 확보 차원에서 화염방지기를 의무적으로 설치해야 하는지 국내․외 기준을 비교 분석하여 화염방지기 설치가필요함을 제시하였고, 화염방지기의 성능을 검증할 수 있는 국내기준이 부족하므로 외국 기준을 참고하여 보완할필요성이 있다.

Study on Gap Height Measurement of Radial Slit Using Pneumatic System

Kousuke Mitsuhashi,Chongho Youn,Toshiharu Kagawa 유공압건설기계학회 2015 유공압건설기계학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Flame arresters are required to assure safe handling of flammable gases in industrial plants. In this paper, we propose a new type of frame arrester in which a radial slit–type device of overlapping parallel discs is used to quench flames. If the gap height of the radial slit is even slightly too large, a flame cannot be quenched. Moreover, there is the possibility that the gap height is not homogeneous. With current measurement methods, only the gap height at the outlet can be measured, and the inside state of the gap cannot be determined. Therefore, in this study, we propose a measurement method using a jet, and a Pitot tube to determine the gap height, including the state inside the gap. Based on a theoretical analysis of the radial flow field in the slit, we fin d that the dynamic pressure in the leaving the gap is proportional to the fourth power of the gap height. Therefore, to accurately determine gap height, we propose a method for measuring the dynamic pressure in the let discharged from the slit. The effectiveness of the method was confirmed by measuring radial slits of known heights, and the method can be used to measure radial slits to an accuracy of several micrometers.

화염방지기에 관한 연구

차시환 김천대학교 1995 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.16 No.-

Detonation, a shock wave supported energetically by chemical reactions in flames, is a most dangerous form propagation through explosive media. The fact that flames are unable to pass through narrow passages has been known as quenching phenomena. This principle is applicable for the direct quenching of detonatin flames, using a quenching element with a large number of passages of small diameter. This report describles about quenching abilities of sintered wire gauze and sintered metal against detonation flames propagating in stationary propane-air mixtures, The propagation rate of flame is extingushed with arrester imme-diately was propotional to the thickness of arrester, inversely to the size of the hole.

미분무 시스템이 장착된 화염방지장치의 화재 진화 특성에 관한 연구

김해지(Hae-Ji Kim),이경로(Kyung-Ro Lee) 한국기계가공학회 2016 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.15 No.5

In this paper, we developed a breather valve with a water mist system for use near an oil storage tank. Our process applied a water mist system to the flame arrester to evaluate the fire suppression characteristics. For the fire suppression evaluation of the water mist system, we evaluated the angle of the nozzle, fire suppression, spray particle size, flashback, fire suppression time, and fire suppression test of antifreeze. Through the fire suppression test, the best fire suppression nozzle used an angle of 140 °, and the flashback phenomenon of flame arrester did not occur. The fire suppression time of water mist system time was within three seconds, and the antifreeze was no problem with the fire suppression.

그랭크케이스 릴리프 밸브의 화염채집기 구조설계

이권희(Kwon-Hee Lee),박수철(Soo-Chul Park),박수건(Soo-Kyeon Park),배태성(Tae-Sung Bae) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.4

This study propose the structural design of flame arrester of crankcase relief valve. This valve must have flame arrester can shut out flame emission. Numerical simulations perform to analyze flow charateristics and to find pressure distribution of crankcase relief valve. Numerical simulations are performed on the compressible gas flow through relief valve(Ø670㎜) Numerical simulations are performed by Solidworks and ANSYS CFX11.0 In consequence the flame arrester shape makes a significant effect on the velocity and direction of the flow.

미분무 각도에 따른 프레임 어레스트의 화재 진화 특성

김해지(H. J. Kim),이경로(K. R. Lee),장정환(J. W. Jang),안지운(J. W. Ahn),노영훈(Y. H. Roh) 한국기계가공학회 2016 한국기계가공학회 춘추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

LNG 연료 추진 선박용 크랭크실 릴리프 밸브 화염방지기의 유동해석 및 폭발시험

이효렬(Hyo Ryeol Lee),안중환(Jung Hwan Ahn),김동건(Dong Keon Kim),안병훈(Byoung Hoon Ahn),김화영(Hwa Young Kim) 한국생산제조학회 2016 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Growing concerns about air pollution have led to increased demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG)-fuelled ships that have crankcases equipped with explosion relief valves to relieve excessive crankcase pressures and stop the flames emitted from the crankcase. The results of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based feasibility analysis of the crankcase relief valve flame arrester design conducted using ANSYS CFX V14 showed that the inlet and outlet relief valve temperatures differed by 350-700°C. An explosion test was performed based on European standard EN14797 to evaluate the flame transmission and mechanical integrity of the valve. No flame transmission from the pressure vessel to the exterior was detected, and the mechanical integrity of the valve was confirmed. Thus, the relief valve components were found to be safe from the viewpoint of fracture.