Evaluation of the Color Adjustment Potential of Single-Shade Composite Resin in Primary Teeth

김용순,박호원,이주현,김해니,Yongsoon Kim,Howon Park,Juhyun Lee,Haeni Kim Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry 2023 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.50 No.1

Restoring composite resins with the optimal shades for all primary teeth is a great challenge for pediatric dentists. A newly developed single-shade composite resin can exhibit a color similar to that of the surrounding tooth structure based on the structural color phenomenon. This study aims to evaluate the color adjustment potential (CAP) of a single-shade composite resin compared to conventional multi-shade composite resins in primary teeth. A single-shade composite resin and two conventional multi-shade composite resins were included in this study. Two types of specimens, a single specimen and a dual specimen, were evaluated. For single specimens, duplications of the primary second molar denture teeth were made using experimental composite resins. For dual specimens, cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of extracted primary second molars and restored with experimental composite resins. The L^*, a^*, and b^* values were measured using a colorimeter for the extracted teeth and specimens. The mean ΔE_ab^* values for single and dual specimens and CAP were calculated. Bonferroni post-hoc analysis was performed to confirm the statistical significance between the ΔE_ab^* and CAP values of the experimental resins. Among the single specimens, the single-shade composite resin showed significantly higher ΔE_Single compared to other composite resins (p < 0.0167). There was no significant difference between ΔE_Dual for all experimental resins. The single-shade composite resin showed highest CAP compared to other multi-shade composite resins. A single-shade composite resin exhibited the most prominent color adaptability compared to other conventional multi-shade composite resins for primary second molars. A single-shade composite resin can simplify shade matching and provide esthetic outcomes for the restoration of primary second molars.

EFFECT OF PRE-HEATING ON SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE RESIN

진명욱,김성교 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 복합레진의 광중합 전 열처리가 복합레진의 일부 물성에 미치는 영향을 평가하는 것이다. 우식이 없는 여든 개의 발거된 치아를 사용하였다. 네 가지 온도의 복합레진, 즉, 냉장 보관되어 있던 4℃ 복합레진 상온 17℃의 복합레진, Calset"를 이용하여 48℃까지 전열처리한 복합레진. 그리고 56℃까지 전열처리한 복합레진을 사용하였다. 복합레진의 물성으로서 치질과의 전단결합강도, 미세경도 그리고 이중결합 전환율을 측정하였다. 법랑질과 상아질에서 공히 4℃, 17℃, 48℃, 그리고 56℃의 온도 중에서 56℃까지 전열처리한 복합레진이 가장 높은 전단결합강도를 보였으며 , 복합레진의 온도가 높을수록 더 높은 전단결합강도를 나타내었다. 복합레진의 온도가 높을수록 더 높은 미세경도를 나타내었다. 복합레진의 온도가 높을수록 이중결합의 전환율이 더 높게 나타났다. 제한된 여건에서 행해진 본 연구의 결과를 통하여 볼 때, 냉장고 또는 실온에 보관되어 있던 복합레진을 미리 열처리하면 치질과의 전단결합강도, 복합레진의 미세경도 및 이중결합 전환율이 증가할 것으로 보인다. 따라서 임상에서 복합레진을 사용 시 복합레진의 물성을 향상시키기 위하여 레진을 미리 열처리하는 것을 추천할 수 있겠다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-heating on some physical properties of composite resin. Eighty extracted. noncarious human molars were used in the present study. Four different temperatures of composite resin were used: 4℃, 17℃, 48℃, and 56℃. The 4℃ and 17℃ values represented the refrigerator storage temperature and room temperature respectively. For 48℃ and 56℃ composite resin was heated to the temperatures. Us physical properties of composite resin shear bond strength. microhardness and degree of conversion were measured. The data for each group were subjected to one-way ANOVAs followed by the Tukey's HSD test at 95% confidence level. Both in enamel and dentin, among composite resin of 4℃, 17℃, 48℃, and 56℃, thc pre-heated composite resin up to 56℃ revealed the highest shear bond strength, and pre-heated composite resin to thc higher temperature revealed higher shear bond strength. Microhardness value was also higher with composite resin of higher temperature. Degree of conversion was also higher with composite resin of the higher temperature In this study, it seems that pre-heating composite resin up to the higher temperature may show higher shear bond strength. higher microhardness value and higher degree of conversion Therefore when using composite resin in the clinic preheating the composite resin could be recommended to have enhanced Physical properties of it.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN DEGREE OF CONVERSION AND FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF COMPOSITE RESINS

Lee Seong-Hee,Pae Ahran,Kim Sung-Hun The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2006 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.44 No.3

Statement of problem. Although many studies have been carried out to investigate the correlation between the degree of conversion and the flexural strength of composite resins, there is minimal information in the literature attempting to compare degree of conversion, flexural strength and their correlation between restorative composite resins and flowable composite resins. Purpose. The purposes of this study were to measure the degree of conversion and flexural strength of composite resins with different rheological behavior and to correlate the two properties. Materials and methods. Four restorative (Vit-1-escence, Z-250, Tetric ceram, Esthet-X) and four flowable (Aeliteflo, Admiraflow, Permaflo, Revolution) light-curing composite resins were investigated. The degree of conversion(DC) was analyzed with Fourier transfer infra-red spectroscopy(FTIR) spectrum by a potassium bromide(KBr) pellet transmission method. The spectrum of the unpolymerized specimen had been measured before the specimen was irradiated for 60s with a visible light curing unit. The Poiymerized specimen was scanned for its in spectrum. The flexural strength(FS) was measured with 3-point bending test according to ISO 4049 after storage in water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. The data were statistically analyzed by an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA at the significance level of 0.05. The dependence of flexural strength on the degree of conversion was also analyzed by regression analysis. Results. Mean DC and FS values ranged from 43% to 61% and from 84.7MPa to 156.7MPa respectively. DC values of the flowable composite resins were significantly higher than those of restorative composite resins (P < 0.05). The FS values of restorative composite resins were greater than those of flowable composite resins. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the DC and the FS tested in any of the composites. The dependence of FS on DC in restorative or flowable composite resins was not significant. Conclusion. It can be concluded that radical polymerization of the organic matrix is not a major factor in determining flexural strength of the commercially available composite resins.

글라스 아이오노머 시멘트와 콤포짓트 레진 복합체의 물성에 관한 연구

김철위,임범순 大韓齒科器材學會 1995 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.22 No.1

The purpose of this study was to synthesize the experimental compound by addition of glass ionomer cement to composite resin, and to estimate the optimum addition ratio of glass ionomer cement to composite resin for optimum physical properties. Experimental groups were prepared by addition of glass ionomer cement to composite resin. The mixing ratio of glass ionomer cement to composite resin was 25 vol. %, 50 vol. %, and 75 vol. %. A chemical-cured glass ionomer cement(FGI), a light-cured glass ionomer cement(FLC), and two light-cured composite resins(CHA and AEL) were used as control group. Shear bond strength, compressive strength, and fracture toughness of specimens were measured by a Instron universal testing machine. Surface hardness of specimens was evaluated by Vicker's hardness tester, and fluoride ion release from specimens was estimated by the fluoride ion electrode and standard solutions. Solubility of specimens in 0.1 M lactic acid solution was also measured. From the experiment, the following results were obtained : 1. The compressive strength of experimental compounds with chemical-cured glass ionomer cement and light-cured composite resin was increased with increasing composite resin content. And the compressive strength of experimental compounds with light-cured glass ionomer cement and light-cured composite resin did not changed significantly. 2. As light-cured composite resin was added to chemical-cured glass ionomer cement up to 50%, shear bond strength of experimental compound was decreased. And the experimental compounds with light-cured glass ionomer cement and light-cured composite resin were drastically decreased with light-cured composite resin addition. 3. Fracture toughness and surface hardness of experimental compounds were linearly increased by composite resin addition up to 75%. 4. As 25% composite resin was added to glass ionomer cement, the amount of fluoride ion release of experimental compounds was decreased by 50%. And the fluoride ion release from the experimental compound with 75% composite resin could be detected. As 25% composite resin was added to glass ionomer cements, the solubility of experimental compound was decreased by 33% and also decreased drastically with increasing the content of composite resin.

Change of Vickers Hardness by Cavity Depth by Kind of Visible Light-curing Units and Composite Resins

김주원,정인호 대한예방치과학회 2010 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.6 No.2

Objective: With result that observe several studies of ancient sages, we can know that element that get in contraction and hardness of composite resin is various. Therefore, in this study, select each one in QTH LCU, PAC LCU, LED LCU and select 3 in dental composite resin. and observing Vickers hardness by cavity depth, I wished to help that select visible light-curing unit and composite resin. Materials and Method: Dental light curing units (LCU) that use in photo-polymerization are EXCELLED 2 (JOVIDENT, Germany), MONITEX LD-105 (FOMED DENTAL INC, Taiwan) and EXCELLED 2 (JOVIDENT, Germany) three kinds and dental composite resins that use in cavity restorations are Filtek Flowⓡ (3M-ESPE Co., USA), Filtek Supremeⓡ (3M-ESPE Co., USA) and CharmFilⓡ Plus (Dentkist, Korea) three kinds. Measurement machine that use in harness measurement is MVK-H1 (Akashi, Japan). Results and Conclusion: 1. When used composite resin-Filtek Supremeⓡ and polymerized by visible light-curing units-Apollo 95 E, vickers hardness high appear on the whole. 2. When used visible light-curing units-EXCELLED2, vickers hardness by cavity depth was significance in all composite resin, but when it is composite resin, hardness change by cavity depth was less best. 3. When used Apollo 95 E, Vickers hardness by cavity depth did not appear significance in all composite resin. When used visible light-curing units-MONITEX LD-105, only Filtek Flowⓡ-composite resin significance in Vickers hardness by cavity depth, but Filtek Supremeⓡ and CharmFilⓡ plus-composite resin significance did not appear. 4. When uses all visible light-curing units and packed by composite resin of 3 kinds, significance appeared in Vickers hardness in surface (0 mm), middle (3 mm), base (6 mm) of cavity.

레진기질과 생체활성 필러에 따른 콤포짓트레진의 특성

이용근,임범순,김철위 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.2

In dentistry, since composite resins are used to restore teeth, their chemical and physico-mechanical characteristics should be similar to those of natural tooth. The mineral phase of bone and teeth is mainly hydroxyapatite. Therefore, synthetic hydroxyapatite would seem a good choice as an inorganic filler to he used in dental restoration or bone implant. The purpose of this study was to gain more insight into the possibility of the bioactive filler incorporated composite resin as restorative material, limns; material or pulp capping material through the evaluation of mechanical properties and cytotoxicity. Bioactive fillers such as apatite-wollastonite (AW) glass ceramic, bioglass (BG) and hydroxyapatite (HA) powders, and conventional glass fillers were incorporated into light-curing resin matrices composed of Bis-GMA and TEGDMA (6:4 by wt.), Bis-GMA and HEMA (6:4 by wt.), Bis-GMA, HEMA and TEGDMA (3:4:3 by wt.). and UDMA and TEGDMA (6:4 by wt.). Compressive, diametral tensile and flexural strength of light-cured specimens immersed in 37℃ DW for 24 hours was measured. Cytotoxicity by MTT method was also evaluated. When Bis-GMA and TEGDMA mixture was used as the resin matrix, compressive, diametral tensile and flexural strength of bioactive filler incorporated composite resin was 17.72∼128.22 ㎫. 39.57∼84.46 ㎫ and 21.35∼57.36 ㎫, respectively. When Bis-GMA and HEMA mixture was used as the resin matrix, BG filler incorporated composite resin did not cure, and the highest compressive and diametral tensile strength of bioactive filler incorporated composite resins was 40.24 ㎫ and 35.30 ㎫, respectively. When Bis-GMA, HEMA and TEGDMA mixture was used as the resin matrix, BG filler incorporated composite resin did not cure, and three strength values were highest after incorporating HA filler. When UDMA and TEGDMA mixture was used as the resin matrix, compressive, diametral tensile and flexural strength of bioactive filler incorporated composite resin was 38.61∼137.31 ㎫, 32.59∼110.47 ㎫ and 17.10∼48.70 ㎫, respectively. Generally, cytotoxicity of bioactive filler incorporated composite resin was higher than those of conventional glass filler incorporated resins. From the above result, mechanical properties of bioactive filler incorporated composite resins made of conventional Bis-GMA, UDMA and TEGDMA matrices were moderate; however, those of HEMA-incorporated matrices were low.

A 3-year retrospective study of clinical durability of bulk-filled resin composite restorations

Ugurlu Muhittin,Sari Fatmanur 대한치과보존학회 2022 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.47 No.1

Objectives This study aimed to assess the clinical longevity of a bulk-fill resin composite in Class II restorations for 3-year. Materials and Methods Patient record files acquired from the 40 patients who were treated due to needed 2 similar sizes Class II composite restorations were used for this retrospective study. In the experimental cavity, the flowable resin composite SDR was inserted in the dentinal part as a 4 mm intermediate layer. A 2 mm coverage layer with a nano-hybrid resin composite (CeramX) was placed on SDR. The control restoration was performed by an incremental technique of 2 mm using the nano-hybrid resin composite. The restorations were blindly assessed by 2 calibrated examiners using modified United States Public Health Service criteria at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 years. The data were analyzed using non-parametric tests (p = 0.05). Results Eighty Class II restorations were evaluated. After 3-years, 4 restorations (5%) failed, 1 SDR + CeramX, and 3 CeramX restorations. The annual failure rate (AFR) of the restorations was 1.7%. The SDR + CeramX group revealed an AFR of 0.8%, and the CeramX group an AFR of 2.5% (p > 0.05). Regarding anatomical form and marginal adaptation, significant alterations were observed in the CeramX group after 3-years (p < 0.05). The changes in the color match were observed in each group over time (p < 0.05). Conclusions The use of SDR demonstrated good clinical durability in deep Class II resin composite restorations. Objectives This study aimed to assess the clinical longevity of a bulk-fill resin composite in Class II restorations for 3-year. Materials and Methods Patient record files acquired from the 40 patients who were treated due to needed 2 similar sizes Class II composite restorations were used for this retrospective study. In the experimental cavity, the flowable resin composite SDR was inserted in the dentinal part as a 4 mm intermediate layer. A 2 mm coverage layer with a nano-hybrid resin composite (CeramX) was placed on SDR. The control restoration was performed by an incremental technique of 2 mm using the nano-hybrid resin composite. The restorations were blindly assessed by 2 calibrated examiners using modified United States Public Health Service criteria at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 years. The data were analyzed using non-parametric tests (p = 0.05). Results Eighty Class II restorations were evaluated. After 3-years, 4 restorations (5%) failed, 1 SDR + CeramX, and 3 CeramX restorations. The annual failure rate (AFR) of the restorations was 1.7%. The SDR + CeramX group revealed an AFR of 0.8%, and the CeramX group an AFR of 2.5% (p > 0.05). Regarding anatomical form and marginal adaptation, significant alterations were observed in the CeramX group after 3-years (p < 0.05). The changes in the color match were observed in each group over time (p < 0.05). Conclusions The use of SDR demonstrated good clinical durability in deep Class II resin composite restorations.

치과용 콤포짓트 레진의 물성에 관한 비교연구

김재찬,김철위 大韓齒科器材學會 1990 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of eight commercially available chemically activated composite resins (CT, HP, LC, PFQ, MR, SR-R, P-10, and BF-II) and ten light activated comkposite resins (BFM, DR, GT, LFA, SL, SP, AD-II, BF-I, EP and LFP) being using in Korea. The following properties were studied: surface hardness, diametral tensile strength, surface roughness, solubility and water sorption, differential thermal analytical properties. These tests were performed according to the modified methods of ISO 4049 and ANSI/ADA Specification No. 27. From the experiments, the following results can be drawn: 1. The surface hardness value of the chemically activated composite resins showed considerable differences among to the products, but there was no significant differences among the light activated composite resins. 2. The diametral tensile strength of the composite resins showed considerable difference among to the products, and the light activated composite resins showed a higher strength than that of the chemically activated resins. 3. Surface roughness values (Ra) and the maximum peak/valley values (Rtm) for the light activated composite resins showed considerably lower values, and the higher values was attained for the chemically activated resins. 4. Water sorption of the light activated composite resins was considerably higher than that of the chemically activated resins, and the solubility of the light activated composite resins was significantly higher than that of the chemically activated resins. 5. The slightly exothermic temperature curves of the composite resins proceeded at 150℃∼188℃, and the broad endothermic temperature curves were appeared at 380℃∼494℃.

치과 치료학에서 적용되는 접합기술 연구 ; 스테인리스강 크라운에 접합된 직접용 콤포짓트 레진과 간접용 콤포짓트 레진의 전단결합강도 비교

김광수,백광우,Kim, Gwang-Soo,Baek, Kwang-Woo 대한용접접합학회 2011 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.29 No.4

This study was performed to compare the shear strength of the bondings between stainless steel crown/direct type composite resin and stainless steel crown/indirect type composite resin. Four groups of bonding conditions were prepared. Two groups of bonding conditions were made by the indirect type composite resin system and the other two groups were made by the direct type composite resin system. The shear strength tests were carried out using universal testing machine, Model 4465 of Instron Co.. It was indicated that the bond strength values of the indirect type composite resins were higher than those of the direct type composite resins. TE-SE group was superior to the TE-ONE in indirect type resin system. These results were thought to be the high degree of the polymerization accompanied with temperature and pressure of the resin of indirect type resin. It was also found that indirect composite resin contains less amount of porosity in resin.

Wear resistance of indirect composite resins used for provisional restorations supported by implants

Akimasa Tsujimoto,Carlos Jurado,Jose Villalobos-Tinoco,Wayne Barkmeier,Nicholas Fischer,Toshiki Takamizawa,Mark Latta,Masashi Miyazaki 대한치과보철학회 2019 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.11 No.4

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to investigate simulated localized and generalized wear of indirect composite resins used for implant supported provisional restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study investigated ten indirect composite resins. Two kinds of wear were simulated by 400,000 cycles in a Leinfelder-Suzuki (Alabama) machine. Localized wear was simulated with a stainless-steel ball bearing antagonist and generalized with a flat-ended stainless-steel cylinder antagonist. The tests were carried out in water slurry of polymethyl methacrylate beads. Wear was measured using a Proscan 2100 noncontact profilometer in conjunction with Proscan and AnSur 3D software. RESULTS. Both localized and generalized wear were significantly different (P<.05) among the indirect composite resins. SR Nexco and Gradia Plus showed significantly less wear than the other indirect composite resins. The rank order of wear was same in both types of wear simulation. CONCLUSION. Indirect composite resins are recommended when a provisional implantsupported restoration is required to function in place over a long period. Although only some indirect composite resins showed similar wear resistance to CAD/CAM composite resins, the wear resistance of all the indirect composite resins was higher than that of bis-acryl base provisional and polymethyl methacrylate resins.