국내 CAD/CAM의 동향과 적용 사례에 관한 연구

김성겸 한몽경상학회 2006 한몽경상연구 Vol.17 No.2

컴퓨터의 이용한 설계의 자동화(CAD)에서 생산 제작(CAM)의 자동화까지 발전하여 설계와 제작을 통합한 CIM에서 생산 전반의 공정 자동화를 추구하는 PDM으로 발전하였다. 이용된 컴퓨터는 워크스테이션 4~8개를 1 unit로 네트워크에 연결한 호스트 컴퓨터를 주로 사용하고 있다. CAD/CAM의 도입이 필요한 금형 업계의 그 활용도는 소규모 기업이 45%, 40인 이상의 기업이 겨우 70%정도이다. 그러나 CAD와 CAM이 서로 연결하여 활용하는 곳은 적은 편이며, 사용되는 소프트웨어는 AutoCAD, CAD맥스, 기타 워크스테이션 용 소프트웨어의 순이다. 이 밖에 가공, 보석, 의류 디자인에 이용되고 있으나 선진국과 같이 PDM이나 ERP로 발전하여 영업, 설계, 물류 등을 결합한 완전한 CAD/CAM시스템의 구현이 절실한 실정이다.

Master Cam에 의한 Conjugate Cam의 설계 및 가공에 관한 연구

趙顯德 慶一大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.16 No.2

Generally, cam mechanism is a machine part frequently used in machinery. And for high speed working of a machine and big loading translation, conjugate cam mechanism is very fit. Then a conjugate cam mechanism is requested high precision between cam profiles and follower's rollers. Thus, this study is a branch of exelusive CAM systems for design and NC machining of conjugate cam mechanism and can be used when the other cam profile need be designed on a master cam profile. For the design of the other cam profile by a master cam profile, some calculation processes need by vector connection method, from master cam profile data to the center data of master follower, from the center data of master follower to the center data of the other follower considered in link mechanism, and offsetting in the center direction of base circle of the other cam from the center data of the other follower.

구조방정식모형을 이용한 베트남 의료전문가의 보완대체의학 인식 만족과 태도의 관계

동상옥,유종향 한국자료분석학회 2013 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.15 No.4

보완대체의학(CAM)에 대한 관심은 점차 증가하고 있으며 의사, 간호사, 일반인 등 누구나 접하고 이용하고 있는 추세이다. 따라서 의료 전문가들이 CAM 사용에 대해 환자에게 올바른 정보를 제공하기 위해서는 CAM에 대한 지식과 긍정적인 인식 제고가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 베트남 의료 전문가들의 CAM에 대한 인식 만족과 태도와의 관계에 대하여 구조방정식모형을 통하여 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 확인적 요인분석을 통하여 3가지의 인식 요인과 태도 요인을 설정하였으며, 척도에 대한 신뢰도 및 타당도를 확보하였다. 구조모형의 적합도 검정을 통해 모형의 적합도가 만족하였다. CAM에 대한 만족도는 태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, CAM 분야 중 인지도가 낮은 분야에 대한 지식 습득 및 교육이 바탕이 된다면 만족도는 더 높아지고, CAM에 대한 태도에 더 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. The interest about Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is gradually increasing. These days, CAM is common between doctors, nurses and general public. Therefore, knowledge and positive view of CAM is necessary in order to offer appropriate information for specialists to each patient. In this study, the relationship between cognition satisfaction and attitudes of vietnam medical experts for CAM examined through structural equation model. Three cognition factor and attitude factor were set up through confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability and validity of the scales were obtained. The goodness of fit of structural equation model were satisfactory. The result shows that attitude is influenced by satisfaction of CAM. If providing the knowledge and education about CAM then the satisfaction of CAM could offer improving positive effect on CAM.

Calculating actual profiles of conjugate disk cams by means of conjugate variation measurement

Wen-Tung Chang,Long-Iong Wu 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.12

For an assembled conjugate cam mechanism with two separate oscillating roller followers serving as a conjugation measuring fixture,when the cams rotate, the variation of the subtending angle between the two follower arms can indicate the variation of the cam profile errors. The profile errors of the assembled conjugate disk cams can be indirectly calculated by means of the conjugate variation measurement and the inverse conjugate variation analysis. That is, if a pair of master conjugate cams with known profile errors is available, by means of the measured subtending angle variations of the follower arms induced by a pair of assembled conjugate cams that consists of one master cam and the other being the inspected cam, then the actual profile of the inspected cam can be calculated by applying the inverse conjugate variation analysis. In order to verify the presented concept, experiments meant to calculate the profile errors of a pair of machined conjugate cams were conducted to compare with the measuring results obtained by using a coordinate measuring machine. The experimental results showed that the calculated cam profiles were well consistent with those of the measured ones. The presented method can be an effective alternative means for examining profile errors of assembled conjugate disk cams and could be useful for the quality control in mass production of conjugate cams.

치과기공의 디지털화에 대한 치과기공사의 인식에 관한 연구 - 대구·경북지역 치과기공소를 중심으로 -

이종도,박광식 대한치과기공학회 2011 대한치과기공학회지 Vol.33 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this survey research was to investigate the Perception level of CAD/CAM of dental techique. Methods: This survey was carried out in the metropolitan areas of the cities of Daegu and Gyeong-buk. Surveys were filled out by consenting dental technicians. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 for Windows. As for the analysis methods, the study used the frequency analysis, Ttest, F-test. Results: Perception of CAD/CAM showed differences in General characteristics associated with education level, monthly salary. Perception of CAD/CAM showed differences in professional characteristics associated with working area, working part. Perception of CAD/CAM showed differences in understanding of CAD/CAM associated with CAD/CAM operating experience, CAD/CAM educational experience. Conclusion: In order to improve the Perception level of CAD/CAM of dental technician, A variety education and follow-up research is need.

미러 타입 컨쥬게이트 캠의 설계와 가공에 관한 연구

조현덕,김유종,용부중,동유게 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.14 No.2

A mirror cam mechanism, a kind of conjugate cam mechanism, consists of two cams, two rollers, and two links. Since profiles of two mirror cams are identical, a simultaneous machining of two cams is achievable. Some machining errors on cam profiles do not result in the internal acting force, which often causes problems in high speed cam mechanism, between two links. Also, since angular accelerations of two links are same, the internal acting force by the difference of the angular accelerations does not occur in the mechanism. Thus the mirror cam mechanism is very useful in high speed machinery. This paper studies a design method as well as a machining method, and develops an exclusive CAD/CAM software for mirror cam profiles. The developed CAD/CAM software is applied to a typical mirror cam mechanism, and a mock-up equipment is built in order to test the machined mirror cam. Experimental investigations show that the contact between cam surface and roller surface according to cam rotation agrees well with the simulation on the developed CAD/CAM software.

위암 환자의 보완대체의학 이용 실태

채병주(Byung Joo Chae),송병주(Byung Joo Song),김신선(Sin Sun Kim),김성근(Sung Keun Kim),전경화(Kyong Hwa Jun),송교영(Kyo Yung Song),진형민(Hyung Min Chin),김욱(Wook Kim),박조현(Cho Hyun Park),박승만(Seung Man Park),임근우(Keun Woo L 대한외과학회 2007 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.72 No.5

Purpose: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has recently been spotlighted, and CAM can be defined as methods for treating diseases or ways to maintain physical health that out lie outside the boundaries of conventional medicine. We have conducted research to determine the status of CAM usage among Korean gastric cancer patients and their attitudes toward it, to determine what better can be done about CAM. Methods: We surveyed those patients in St. Mary Hospital who were diagnosed to gastric cancer and who volunteered to participate in this study. The survey consists of 38 questions and each question covered personal characteristics information as to whether they have used CAM, whether they were satisfied after taking CAM and their intentions for re-use. Results: A total of 195 patients answered the survey. 80 patients (41%) experienced CAM for the purpose of remedying their gastric cancer. The top leading CAM was dietary supplement for 52% of the patients, ginseng for 26% of the patients and Chinese herbal medicine for 10.8% of the patients. 54 patients (67.5%) were satisfied with the results of the CAM and they said that it had an effect on fatigue (45%). The statistics showed positive correlation between the level of education and the CAM users (P=0.001). Conclusion: The percentage of patients using CAM among the gastric cancer patients was high, up to 41%. Most of these patients wanted more information and discussion with their physicians about CAM therapies. The interesting thing was that most of the CAM was oral medicine. Based on our findings, research on the safety and effectiveness of CAM is required.

연구논문 : 안점막자극시험의 대체시험법으로서의 CAM-TBS assay 소개

김채욱 ( Chae Wook Kim ),정경미 ( Kyoung Mi Jung ),서병휘 ( Byung Fhy Suh ),김배환 ( Bae Hwan Kim ) 한국동물실험대체법학회 2007 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.1 No.2

The hen`s egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay, which employs the vascular membrane of a fertile hen`s egg, has been actively studied by several countries as an alternative method to the Draize rabbit eye irritation test. However, the scoring system of the original HET-CAM test is not satisfactory because of its lack of objectivity and quantitativeness. Moreover, the test required skill when the effects of test substance are to be regarded. To overcome these disadvantages, Hagino et al. developed and objective evaluation technique using the amount of trypan blue absorbed at the site of treatment as an indicator of injury to the CAM (Chorioallantoic membrane-trypan blue staining, CAM-TBS). In this study, we evaluate the CAM-TBS methods and used three materials (1%, 2%, 5% SLS, tween 20 and PBS) to evaluate the correlation of CAMTBS with HET-CAM test. The amounts of trypan blue adsorbed with the CAM showed a good correlation with the HET-CAM test score(r=0.958). According to these results, we suppose that the trypan blue staining assay using CAM-TBS may be a good method to replace the HET-CAM test as an alternative to Draize rabbit eye irritation test. Despite our results, additional studies with more materials are necessary to validate this method.

안점막자극시험의 대체시험법으로서의 CAM-TBS assay 소개

김채욱 ( Chae Wook Kim ),정경미 ( Kyoung Mi Jung ),서병휘 ( Byung Fhy Suh ),김배환 ( Bae Hwan Kim ) 한국동물실험대체법학회 2007 동물실험대체법학회지 Vol.1 No.2

The hen`s egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay, which employs the vascular membrane of a fertile hen`s egg, has been actively studied by several countries as an alternative method to the Draize rabbit eye irritation test. However, the scoring system of the original HET-CAM test is not satisfactory because of its lack of objectivity and quantitativeness. Moreover, the test required skill when the effects of test substance are to be regarded. To overcome these disadvantages, Hagino et al. developed and objective evaluation technique using the amount of trypan blue absorbed at the site of treatment as an indicator of injury to the CAM (Chorioallantoic membrane-trypan blue staining, CAM-TBS). In this study, we evaluate the CAM-TBS methods and used three materials (1%, 2%, 5% SLS, tween 20 and PBS) to evaluate the correlation of CAMTBS with HET-CAM test. The amounts of trypan blue adsorbed with the CAM showed a good correlation with the HET-CAM test score(r=0.958). According to these results, we suppose that the trypan blue staining assay using CAM-TBS may be a good method to replace the HET-CAM test as an alternative to Draize rabbit eye irritation test. Despite our results, additional studies with more materials are necessary to validate this method.

CAM과 Selective Search를 이용한 확장된 객체 지역화 학습데이터 생성 및 이의 재학습을 통한 WSOL 성능 개선

고수연 ( Sooyeon Go ),최영우 ( Yeongwoo Choi ) 한국정보처리학회 2021 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.10 No.9

최근 CAM[1]을 이용해서 이미지의 객체에 대한 주의 영역 또는 지역화(Localization) 영역을 찾는 방법이 WSOL의 연구로서 다양하게 수행되고 있다. CAM을 이용한 객체의 히트(Heat) 맵에서 주의 영역 추출은 객체의 특징이 가장 많이 모여 있는 영역만을 주로 집중해서 객체의 전체적인 영역을 찾지 못하는 단점이 있다. 여기서는 이를 개선하기 위해서 먼저 CAM과 Selective Search[6]를 함께 이용하여 CAM 히트맵의 주의 영역을 확장하고, 확장된 영역에 가우시안 스무딩을 적용하여 재학습 데이터를 만든 후, 이를 학습하여 객체의 주의 영역이 확장되는 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 단 한 번의 재학습만이 필요하며, 학습 후 지역화를 수행할 때는 Selective Search를 실행하지 않기 때문에 처리 시간이 대폭 줄어든다. 실험에서 기존 CAM의 히트맵들과 비교했을 때 핵심 특징 영역으로부터 주의 영역이 확장되고, 확장된 주의 영역 바운딩 박스에 대한 Ground Truth와의 IOU 계산에서 기존 CAM보다 약 58%가 개선되었다. Recently, a method of finding the attention area or localization area for an object of an image using CAM (Class Activation Map)[1] has been variously carried out as a study of WSOL (Weakly Supervised Object Localization). The attention area extraction from the object heat map using CAM has a disadvantage in that it cannot find the entire area of the object by focusing mainly on the part where the features are most concentrated in the object. To improve this, using CAM and Selective Search[6] together, we first expand the attention area in the heat map, and a Gaussian smoothing is applied to the extended area to generate retraining data. Finally we train the data to expand the attention area of the objects. The proposed method requires retraining only once, and the search time to find an localization area is greatly reduced since the selective search is not needed in this stage. Through the experiment, the attention area was expanded from the existing CAM heat maps, and in the calculation of IOU (Intersection of Union) with the ground truth for the bounding box of the expanded attention area, about 58% was improved compared to the existing CAM.