한국형 공동주택 에너지 시뮬레이션 모델링을 위한 건물 형태 및 에너지 사용 특성 분석

이루다,강은호,윤종호,김동수,김진휘,원종연 한국태양에너지학회 2023 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.43 No.4

Apartment (APT)-type buildings are the most common type of domestic housing and areexpected to continue to grow. Therefore, it is important to analyze the building energyconsumption and improve the overall energy efficiency. Simulation-based analysis is typicallyadopted for building energy evaluation to predict energy usage and identify the potential savingsof alternative designs or options. A validation process for the simulation models is required toensure that the developed model accurately predicts the energy consumption and performanceof the building. In this study, we investigated the architecture and energy behavior of domesticAPTs that can be used for simulation-based modeling and calibration processes. In this process,for analyzing the building energy characteristics, we investigated the building energy end uses,such as electricity and gas energy consumption. Various datasets and sources, such as publicdata, actual measurement data, and surveyed drawings, were utilized to identify therepresentative features and combined relevance between buildings and their energy usage forbuilding energy simulation modeling. The results of this study will help to suggest benchmarkbuilding energy simulation analyses for apartment-type buildings.

노후 건축물 그린리모델링안 작성에서 전문가와 건물 사용자 관점의 차이에 따른 에너지 절감효과의 분석

김도희,김은서,송두삼 대한설비공학회 2022 설비공학 논문집 Vol.34 No.9

The purpose of this study was to analyze the energy saving effects according to differences in interests between energy experts and building users, when establishing a green remodeling plan for old buildings. The survey was conducted to investigate building users’ opinions on building retrofitting. The results show that retrofit alternatives between experts and building users were different. The experts focus on energy saving in making alternatives, whereas building users mainly want to improve building appearance. Approximately 31.8% of building energy was saved with the experts’ retrofit alternatives. On the other hand, only 12.6% of building energy was saved through applying the retrofit alternatives of building users. 2050탄소중립의 건물부문 에너지 절감, 온실가스 배출저감의 목표를 달성하기 위해서 현재 정부에서 추진하고 있는 공공건축물 그린리모델링 사업에서 건물 리모델링(개수)안의 작성은 건물에너지 절감을 우선으로 하며 전문가 관점에서 이루어지고 있어 실제 사용자의 요구사항과 다소 상충되는 면들이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 공공건축물 그린리모델링 사업에서 실제 대상건물 사용자들의 건물 리모델링에 관한 요구사항을 설문조사를 통해 조사, 분석하였다. 아울러 2021년 시행된 수도권 지역 156개 공공건축물 그린리모델링 사업에 대한 검토를 통해 전문가 관점에서 많이 적용되는 그린리모델링 공사 내역을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 그린리모델링 전문가 관점에서 작성된 그린리모델링(안)과 건물 사용자의 설문조사 결과를 반영하여 작성된 사용자 관점 그린리모델링(안)을 작성하여 그 차이를 분석하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 설문조사의 결과, 건물에너지 절감을 주 목표로 하는 전문가와 달리 건물 사용자는 그린리모델링을 통해 건물의 미관 개선을 가장 우선하였다. 이와 관련하여 81.8%의 응답자가 희망하는 공사 요소로 미장 공사를 선택하였다. 그 다음으로 건물 사용자는 그린리모델링을 통해 실내공기질 개선을 희망하였으며, 54.7%의 응답자가 환기 장치 설치를 희망하였다. 전문가 관점의 그린리모델링(안)과 건물 사용자 관점의 그린리모델링(안)을 대상건물에 적용하여 건물의 에너지 성능 분석 결과, 전문가안의 1차 에너지 절감률은 31.8%에 달한 반면, 건물 사용자안은 12.6%로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 기존 노후 건축물의 에너지 절감, 온실가스 배출 저감이라는 그린리모델링의 목적으로 우선으로 한다면 전문가들이 에너지 절감을 우선하여 리모델링안을 작성해야 하지만 건물의 사용성, 업무 효율 등을 고려하여 그린리모델링 사업의 의사결정 과정에서 실제 해당 건물 사용자의 의견을 반영하는 방안이 필요함을 시사하고 있다.

베트남 기후 및 경제적 여건을 고려한 건물에너지 패키지 적용에 따른 건물에너지 절감효과 분석

윤태균(Yun Tae Gyun),신재윤(Shin Jae Yoon),강석표(Kang Seok-pyo) 한국태양에너지학회 2022 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.42 No.5

Due to the construction industry, the increase in energy demands from the population, and economic growth in Vietnam, the need for energy efficient buildings has increased. An analysis of Vietnam’s regulations and standards related to building energy shows that Vietnam’s current technology level is similar to Korea in the 1980s, so it needs to upgrade its technology. Using Korea’s advanced energy efficient building technology, it will be possible to satisfy Vietnam’s need for energy efficient buildings. In a prior study, the baseline data were calculated using a building energy simulation program with Vietnam’s weather data and input values provided by the most recent Vietnam building energy standards (QCVN 09:2017:BXD). Then, the optimized input combination of building energy packages was derived to achieve energy savings of 60% by integrating the building energy simulation program (Energyplus) with a programming language (Python). Vietnam’s climate characteristics vary by region, so simulations were run with three sets of weather data (Northern: Hanoi, Central: Da Nang, Southern: Ho Chi Minh). As a result, the optimized input combination could reduce building energy usage by about 55% compared to the baseline model. In this study, building energy savings were analyzed using simulated data by modeling a real example building in Vietnam before the building energy package was installed.

베이스 모델을 이용한 제로에너지건물 프로세스 전략 연구

송영학(Song Young-Hak),이건호(Lee Keon-Ho) 대한건축학회 2012 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.28 No.9

Increased energy prices and trying to decrease environmental loads have created many efforts to reduce the amount of energy consumption in buildings, and many countries are conducting researches on passive houses, low-energy buildings and zero-energy buildings actively. The concept of ‘zero energy’ is different by countries or institutions due to differences in points of view and a general consensus has yet to be reached. However, they all share the basic idea of reducing a building’s energy consumption to zero, without energy supply from outside. In the field of housing, houses have already appeared yearly energy use is zero, however, commercial buildings have diverse forms and lots of energy use and therefore it is expected that such requires a different approach from housings. On the other hand, concerning about building energy consumption, Korea government is operating a ‘Assessment Project for Building Energy Certification’ program, which is evaluated by cooling, heating, ventilation, lighting and hot water energy for unit area annually using the ECO2 program from 2009 This study conducted reviews on the energy consumption of buildings with ECO2 program and base model which is assumed typical type of office building. And it suggests active and passive methods technologies to save energy consumption and renewable system as PV, winds etc. to generate electric power, too. Passive method and Active methods with renewable system can reduce around 23%, 61% of energy consumption respectively compared to base model, which uses about 504kWh/m2 annually. The technologies combination may help architects and buildings’ owners to make a decision how to save energy and adapt the their strategies.

병원건물의 에너지 저감을 위한 에너지성능 평가에 관한 사례연구

조진균(Jinkyun Cho),문정환(Junghwan Moon),강호석(Hosuk Kang) 대한설비공학회 2017 설비공학 논문집 Vol.29 No.1

Hospitals contribute to energy consumption and have a negative environmental impact. This study aims to find how meaningful energy performance, reflecting good energy management and design, can be planned for hospital buildings, a category encompassing complex buildings with different setups and large differences between them. Energy-consumption characteristics were surveyed throughout Korea to establish statistical energy models. Findings confirm that different hospital departments have hugely different energy-demand profiles. Energy efficiency and energy-saving potentials on HVAC systems are presented. The energy performance analysis can be applied to a wide range of problems in energy-system design and planning, including simulations and optimizations of community energy systems.

노원에코센터(제로에너지건물) 연간 에너지모니터링 결과 분석 연구

임인혁(Lim, In-Hyok),이응신(Lee, Eung-Shin),이명주(Lee, Myoung-Ju) 대한건축학회 2014 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.30 No.10

Among world’s effort to take action to the effect of climate change, a district in Korea with a progressive mind took its first step in realizing a net-zero energy ecological center. The concept of net-zero energy building design can only be stated as a fact if the simulated energy demand and the actual monitored usage can be reflected upon its variances. Hence, in this research, the quantitative data sets of simulated and monitored usages were analyzed by comparison and to determine its specific occurrence of variances. From the simulation report, energy demand and the consumption were compared and analyzed based on the data collected from March 2012 to February 2013, through the monitoring system in the subject building. The comparison between the demand and consumption was made in following categories: heating and cooling energy consumption and the energy production from geo-thermal heat pump, lighting energy demand and electricity consumption for lighting, and hot water demand and the energy gained by solar heating. The original programming had changed during actual residence and increased the energy demand, which became the source of error between the simulated data and the monitored consumption. Since this research is based on monitoring of the project building per annum, there could be error occurring form the profile change, weather patterns, or the energy usage patterns by the occupants. Therefore, the further research must be followed with the accumulated data in long-run.

건물에너지 소요량 산정 프로그램 활용 건축정보 데이터베이스 설계

임지연(Ji Youn Lim),이승언(Seung-eon Lee) 대한설비공학회 2016 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.6

The Korean government announced its plan to raise the previous reduction goal of greenhouse gas emission from buildings by 26.9% until 2020 on July 2015. Therefore, policies regarding efficiency in the building energy are implemented fast, but the level of building owners and market understanding is low in general, and the government service system which supports decision making for implementing low-energy buildings has not been provided yet. The purpose of this study is to present the design direction for establishing user customized building energy database to perform a role to provide autonomous ecosystem of low-energy buildings. In this study, a measure to provide proper default using the level of data which general users with no expert knowledge regarding building energy could easily enter was suggested.

제로에너지건축물 계획을 위한 국내외 에너지성능관련 제도의 평가도구 비교분석 및 개선방안 연구

이명주(Lee, Myoung-Ju),김정운(Kim, Jeong-Un) 대한건축학회 2015 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.31 No.4

In Korea, a variety of related systems have been refurbished with an aim to make Zero Energy Building mandatory from 2025 in conformity with international trend in construction sector to cope with climate change. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the future course of improvement in current domestic systems by analyzing the input items of PHPP 8.5 in Germany, BEOpt 2.3 in the United States, and Eco2 2013 of Korea among the simulation programs being implemented for zero energy building plan and by analyzing the systems related to domestic and overseas zero energy buildings. As a result, we derived improvement measures associated with input method for Eco2, current domestic building energy performance evaluation program, basic input information, construction information, facility information, etc. In addition, we proposed that primary focus should be placed on zero energy buildings in connection with conceptualization of domestic zero energy buildings when the current building energy efficiency grade certification system is refurbished. The institutions and policies for zero energy buildings are being formulated newly to cope with global climate changes and related challenges, and should be designed expeditiously to meet international standards.

건물에너지 저감 성능평가를 위한 사용자기반 환경모사연구 동향분석 연구

정수연,이민구,이행우 사단법인 한국융합기술연구학회 2023 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.9 No.9

건물부문의 에너지 사용량은 높은 비중을 보이고 있으며, 매년 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 특히 주요 에너지원으로 사용된 화석연료의 고갈로 건물에너지 사용량 증가는 심각한 문제로 작용되고 있다. 이에 따라서 건물에너지 문제를 해결하기 위한 연구의 수요는 증가하는 추세이며, 동시에 기술개발의 유효성을 검증하고자 하는 인프라 및 방법들에 대한 연구도 증가하는 추세이다. 그러나 이러한 성능검증을 위한 인프라와 방법은 실험실의 한정적인 환경에서만 성능평가를 진행하고 있다. 이와 같은 환경에서의 성능평가 검증은 실제 실생활환경에 적용할 시에 쾌적도 저하를 불러일으킬 뿐 아니라 제2, 제3의 에너지 소비를 야기하는 등의 문제가 발생한다. 이에 본 연구는 기존의 에너지 성능평가 관련 기관 및 연구의 동향과 사례를 고찰 후, 사용자 정보 및 선호환경을 기반으로 하여 에너지 성능평가 테스트베드 구축 및 에너지 성능평가 방법을 제시하였다. 이에대한 결론은 다음과 같다. 1) 기존에 이루어지고 있는 에너지 성능평가 테스트베드 및 연구 동향을 고찰 결과에 따르면 실험실의 한정된 환경에서 성능평가가 이루어 지고 있다. 연구는 실제 주거환경을 기반으로 하고 있으며, 특정 에너지 성능평가 테스트베드의 경우에도 단순 센서에 의하여 환경정보를 수집하는 것으로 한정되어 있다. 이는 공간의 재실자의 정보 및 선호환경, 공간이 가지는 다복합적인 특성을 반영하지 못하며, 실생활 환경 성능평가 측면에서 제한적이다. 2) 본 연구는 실내외환경모사 및 사용자인식 기반의 성능평가 환경을 구축하였으며, 이러한 환경 구축으 위하여 365일 24시간 4계절의 외부 환경 구현이 가능한 인공태양광 연동 인공기후탬버 기술과 높이 조절이 가능한 센싱기술, 사용자인식 및 위치인식기반의 냉난방기기, 환기기기, 조명기기 제어기술을 제안하였다. 3) 본 연구를 통해 구축된 실내외환경모사 및 사용자인식기반 환경은 사용자별 선호환경에 따른 베네시안 블라인드 성능평가를 진행한후 테스트베드의 유효성을 검증하였다. The building sector accounts for a significant share of global energy consumption and emissions, and this trend is growing annually. In particular, this problem is becoming more serious due to the depletion of our primary energy source, fossil fuels. Accordingly, the demand for research to solve building energy problems is growing, and studies on infrastructures and methods to validate the effectiveness of technology development are also increasing. However, these infrastructures and performance evaluation methods are mainly limited to the laboratory environment. Evaluating performance under such environments not only causes a decrease in comfort but also causes secondary and tertiary energy consumption when applied to real-life environments. Therefore, this study examined trends and cases of energy performance evaluation-related organizations and literature. It also proposed a testbed and methodology for evaluating energy performance based on user information and preferred environments. The main findings are as follows. 1) According to the results of reviewing energy performance evaluation testbeds and research trends, past evaluations were mostly limited to laboratories. Past research was based on actual residential environments, and the collection of environmental data through sensors was the extent of specificity for energy performance evaluation testbeds. Most had limitations in reflecting occupant data/preferences and complex spatial characteristics, as well as evaluating real-life environmental performance. 2) This study built a performance evaluation environment based on in/outdoor environment simulation and user recognition. The environment consisted of an artificial climate chamber that can simulate the four seasons continuously, height-adjustable sensors, and technologies for controlling air conditioning, ventilation, and lighting devices based on user recognition and location recognition. 3) The effectiveness of the developed testbed was validated by evaluating the performance of Venetian blinds according to each user’s preferred environment.

건물에너지 성능 분석을 위한 간이 건물에너지 시뮬레이션 프로그램 개발에 관한 연구

박종일(Jong-Il Park),강윤석(Yoon Suk Kang),임병찬(Pyeongchan Ihm) 대한설비공학회 2009 설비공학 논문집 Vol.21 No.1

There are various types of energy simulation tool to predict both thermal load and energy use. However, the problem about these software is that they have too much input variables and need expert with skills to run the simulation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop the thermal analysis simulation program with input variables which eliminates coordinates of building components instead of using full coordinates by using DOE2. Since the simulation engine of the program is DOE2, the validity of S-DOE is performed by comparing peak heating and cooling load results with VisualDOE and annual energy use results with actual energy use of 1996. The results have shown that there are little difference between VisualDOE and S-DOE. Also it showed that there are little difference between actual energy use and S-DOE energy use results. S-DOE took less time to model a building than VisualDOE. These results reveals that the application of S-DOE have potentials in accurately predicting both energy load and energy use of the building and still have an advantage of taking less time to model a building.