Duration-Related Variations in Archaeal Communities after a Change from Upland Fields to Paddy Fields

( Nan Jiang ),( Kai Wei ),( Lijun Chen ),( Rui Chen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.5

Archaea substantially contribute to global geochemical cycling and energy cycling and are impacted by land-use change. However, the response of archaeal communities to a change from upland field to paddy field has been poorly characterized. Here, soil samples were collected at two depths (0-20 cm and 20-40 cm) from one upland field and six paddy fields that were established on former upland fields at different times (1, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 years before the study). Barcoded pyrosequencing was employed to assess the archaeal communities from the samples at taxonomic resolutions from phylum to genus levels. The total archaeal operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness showed a significant positive correlation with the land-use change duration. Two phyla, Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota, were recorded throughout the study. Both the relative abundance and OTU richness of Euryarchaeota increased at both depths but increased more steadily at the subsurface rather than at the surface. However, these data of Crenarchaeota were the opposite. Additionally, the archaeal composition exhibited a significant relationship with C/N ratios, total phosphorus, soil pH, Olsen phosphorus, and the land-use change duration at several taxonomic resolutions. Our results emphasize that after a change from upland fields to paddy fields, the archaeal diversity and composition changed, and the duration is an important factor in addition to the soil chemical properties.

Archaeal Diversity in Tidal Flat Sedimentas Revealed by 16S rDNA Analysis

김봉수,Huyn-Myung Oh,강호정,천종식 한국미생물학회 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.2

During the past ten years, Archaea have been recognized as a widespread and significant component of marine picoplankton assemblages. More recently, the presence of novel archaeal phylogenetic lineages has been discovered in coastal marine environments, freshwater lakes, polar seas, and deepseahydrothermal vents. Therefore, we conducted an investigation into the archaeal community existing in tidal flat sediment collected from Ganghwa Island, Korea. Phylogenetic analysis of archaeal 16S rDNA amplified directly from tidal flat sediment DNA revealed the presence of two major lineages, belonging to the Crenarchaeota (53.9%) and Euryarchaeota (46.1%) phyla. A total of 102 clones were then sequenced and analyzed by comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. The sequences determined in our samples were found to be closely related to the sequences of clones which had been previously obtained from a variety of marine environments. Archaeal clones exhibited higher similarities (83.25 - 100%) to sequences from other environments in the public database than did those (75.22 - 98.46%) of previously reported bacterial clones obtained from tidal flat sediment. The results of our study suggest that the archaeal community in tidal flat sediment is remarkably diverse.

다양한 환경 조건의 하수처리시설 반응조 내 세균 및 고세균 군집

조순자,하달수,이영옥 한국콘텐츠학회 2020 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.20 No.8

To investigate the differences of bacterial- and archaeal communities depending on kind of wastewater (municipal/livestock) and on treating conditions of basins, sludges were sampled from 10 basins of 3 municipal wastewater treatment plants(WWTP) with A2O and a activated sludge sample from a livestock WWTP. The metagenomic DNAs of the sludge samples were extracted and amplified with primers, 27F/518R for bacteria and Arch519F/A958R for archaea, and pyrosequenced with Roche 454 GS-FLX Titanium. As results, the bacterial communities in basins of municipal WWTPs were quite different from those of livestock WWTP, but within the same municipal WWTP their community structures were similar to each other regardless of different environmental conditions such as O2. And their archaeal communities resulted from anaerobic·anoxic basins were clustered only within communities originated from the same WWTP. Furthermore Seo-bu WWTP with high bacterial diversity and species richness performed better N/P-removal compared to the orther WWTPs. 하수의 종류(생활하수, 축산폐수) 및 다양한 처리 공정에 따른 미생물군집구조를 비교하기 위해 A2O공법으로 운영되는 생활하수처리시설(안심·서부·신천)의 10개 생물학적 반응조와 축산폐수처리시설의 활성슬러지를 채취해 DNA 유전체를 추출한 후 세균은 프라이머 27F/518R, 고세균의 경우, 프라이머 Arch519F/A958R를 이용해 유전체를 증폭시켰고 그 염기서열을 Roche 454 GS-FLX Titanium을 이용한 pyrosequencing 법으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, 생활하수와 축산폐수에 따른 미생물 군집구조의 차이는 컸지만 A2O공법에 따른 산소 유무 등의 환경 변화와 관련된 군집구조의 변화는 크지 않았다. 혐기조 및 무산소조 반응조들에서만 분석한 고세균 군집 결과에서는 동일 하수처리시설의 반응조들의 고세군군집들끼리만 모이는 하수처리시설별 집괴현상을 나타냈다. 세균다양성 및 종 풍부도가 높은 서부처리시설이 다른 시설보다 더 높은 질소 및 인 제거율을 나타냈다.

Methanol metabolism and archaeal community changes in a bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion sequencing batch reactor with copper-coated graphite cathode

Park, Jungyu,Lee, Beom,Shi, Peng,Kwon, Hyejeong,Jeong, Sang Mun,Jun, Hangbae Elsevier Applied Science 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.259 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, the metabolism of methanol and changes in an archaeal community were examined in a bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion sequencing batch reactor with a copper-coated graphite cathode (BEAD-SBR<SUB>Cu</SUB>). Copper-coated graphite cathode produced methanol from food waste. The BEAD-SBR<SUB>Cu</SUB> showed higher methanol removal and methane production than those of the anaerobic digestion (AD)-SBR. The methane production and pH of the BEAD-SBR<SUB>Cu</SUB> were stable even under a high organic loading rate (OLR). The hydrogenotrophic methanogens increased from 32.2 to 60.0%, and the hydrogen-dependent methylotrophic methanogens increased from 19.5 to 37.7% in the bulk of BEAD-SBR<SUB>Cu</SUB> at high OLR. Where methanol was directly injected as a single substrate into the BEAD-SBR<SUB>Cu</SUB>, the main metabolism of methane production was hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis using carbon dioxide and hydrogen released by the oxidation of methanol on the anode through bioelectrochemical reactions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> BEAD-SBR<SUB>Cu</SUB> produced methanol from food waste increasing methylotrophic methanogens. </LI> <LI> BEAD-SBR<SUB>Cu</SUB> removed COD and produced methane with no pH decrease at high OLR. </LI> <LI> Methanol is converted to methane by hydrogenotrophic and methylotrophic methanogens. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Illumina MiSeq sequencing reveals the effects of grape seed procyanidin on rumen archaeal communities in vitro

Zhang, Hua,Tong, Jinjin,Wang, Zun,Xiong, Benhai,Jiang, Linshu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.1

Objective: The present study explored the effects of grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) on rumen fermentation, methane production and archaeal communities in vitro. Methods: A completely randomized experiment was conducted with in vitro incubation in a control group (CON, no GSPE addition; n = 9) and the treatment group (GSPE, 1 mg/bottle GSPE, 2 g/kg dry matter; n = 9). The methane and volatile fatty acid concentrations were determined using gas chromatography. To explore methane inhibition after fermentation and the response of the ruminal microbiota to GSPE, archaeal 16S rRNA genes were sequenced by MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. Results: The results showed that supplementation with GSPE could significantly inhibit gas production and methane production. In addition, GSPE treatment significantly increased the proportion of propionate, while the acetate/propionate ratio was significantly decreased. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Methanomassiliicoccus was significantly increased, while the relative abundance of Methanobrevibacter decreased significantly in the GSPE group. Conclusion: In conclusion, GSPE is a plant extract that can reduce methane production by affecting the structures of archaeal communities, which was achieved by a substitution of Methanobrevibacter with Methanomassiliicoccus.

Phylogenetic Diversity of Dominant Bacterial and Archaeal Communities in Plant-Microbial Fuel Cells Using Rice Plants

( Jae Hyung Ahn ),( Woo Suk Jeong ),( Min Young Choi ),( Byung Yong Kim ),( Jae Kyeong Song ),( Hang Yeon Weon ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.12

In this study, the phylogenetic diversities of bacterial and archaeal communities in a plantmicrobial fuel cell (P-MFC) were investigated together with the environmental parameters, affecting its performance by using rice as a model plant. The beneficial effect of the plant appeared only during a certain period of the rice-growing season, at which point the maximum power density was approximately 3-fold higher with rice plants. The temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), and pH in the cathodic and anodic compartments changed considerably during the rice-growing season, and a higher temperature, reduced difference in pH between the cathodic and anodic compartments, and higher EC were advantageous to the performance of the P-MFC. A 16S rRNA pyrosequencing analysis showed that the 16S rRNAs of Deltaproteobacteria and those of Gammaproteobacteria were enriched on the anodes and the cathodes, respectively, when the electrical circuit was connected. At the species level, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) related to Rhizobiales, Geobacter, Myxococcus, Deferrisoma, and Desulfobulbus were enriched on the anodes, while an OTU related to Acidiferrobacter thiooxydans occupied the highest proportion on the cathodes and occurred only when the circuit was connected. Furthermore, the connection of the electrical circuit decreased the abundance of 16S rRNAs of acetotrophic methanogens and increased that of hydrogenotrophic methanogens. The control of these physicochemical and microbiological factors is expected to be able to improve the performance of P-MFCs.

Linking process performances and core microbial community structures in anaerobic membrane bioreactor with rotatory disk (ARMBR) system fed with high-strength food waste recycling wastewater

Seo, Hyunduk,Cho, Kyungjin,Shin, Jaewon,Lee, Minjoo,Park, Joonhong,Lee, Byung Chan,Song, Kyung Guen Elsevier Applied Science 2019 Bioresource Technology Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study first evaluated the process performances and microbial community structures of anaerobic rotary membrane bioreactor (ARMBR) fed with food waste recycling wastewater (FRW). Three identical ARMBRs were operated under different organic loading rate (OLR) conditions (1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 kg COD m<SUP>−3</SUP> d<SUP>−1</SUP>) after the same start-up periods. The start-up performances and archaeal community structures differed among the ARMBRs, probably due to the sudden OLR shock. After the start-up, bio-methane was stably produced until the end of the operational period, with all of the ARMBRs showing >95% COD removal efficiency. <I>Methanosaeta</I> spp. was the predominant methanogen; diverse hydrogenotrophic methanogens co-existed. <I>Bacteroidetes</I>-like bacteria and <I>Candidatus</I> Cloacamonas acted as major fermentative bacteria producing acetate or hydrogen for the growth of methanogens. The results suggest that our ARMBR system can be a promising option to manage high-strength organic wastewater such as FRW.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The ARMBR system was applied to treat high-strength FRW for the first time. </LI> <LI> The ARMBR was successfully operated at high OLR condition (6.0 kg COD m<SUP>−3</SUP> d<SUP>−1</SUP>). </LI> <LI> <I>Methanosaeta</I> sp. was the predominant methanogen in all of the ARMBRs treating FRW. </LI> <LI> <I>Bacteroidetes</I>-like bacteria and <I>Ca</I>. Cloacamonas were the key fermentative bacteria. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Application of a rotating impeller anode in a bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion reactor for methane production from high-strength food waste

Park, Jungyu,Lee, Beom,Shin, Wonbeom,Jo, Sangyeol,Jun, Hangbae Elsevier 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.259 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, a practical bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion (BEAD) reactor equipped with a rotating STS304 impeller was tested to verify its methane production performance. Methane production in the BEAD reactor was possible without accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and decreases in pH at high organic loading rates (OLRs) up to 6 kg-COD/m<SUP>3</SUP>·d (COD: chemical oxygen demand). Methane production in a BEAD-O (open circuit) reactor was inhibited at OLRs above 4 kg-COD/m<SUP>3</SUP>·d; however, the performance could be recovered bioelectrochemically by supplying voltage. The population density of hydrogenotrophic methanogens increased to 73.3% in the BEAD-C (closed circuit) reactor, even at high OLRs, through the removal of VFAs and conversion of hydrogen to methane. The energy efficiency in the BEAD-C reactor was 85.6%, indicating that the commercialization of BEAD reactors equipped with rotating STS304 impeller electrodes is possible.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Rotating-anode bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion (BEAD) reactor was devised. </LI> <LI> Stainless steel used as a cost-effective and durable electrode material. </LI> <LI> BEAD-C produced CH<SUB>4</SUB> without pH decrease or VFA accumulation at high OLRs. </LI> <LI> CH<SUB>4</SUB> production recovered in BEAD-O with supplied voltage at high OLRs. </LI> <LI> Voltage-induced hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in BEAD-C gave stable CH<SUB>4</SUB> yields. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Psychrophilic methanogenesis of food waste in a bio-electrochemical anaerobic digester with rotating impeller electrode

Park, Jungyu,Lee, Beom,Shin, Wonbeom,Jo, Sangyeol,Jun, Hangbae Elsevier 2018 Journal of cleaner production Vol.188 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Psychrophilic bio-electrochemical anaerobic digestion (PBEAD) is a promising new technology for improving methane production at low temperatures via supply of low energy. In this study, a PBEAD reactor operating at 19.8 ± 2.9 °C equipped with a low-cost stainless steel (SUS304) rotating impeller electrode was manufactured to observe the efficiency of methane production and changes in archaeal communities at a high organic loading rate (OLR). Stable methane production was achieved without VFA accumulation and pH decrease in the PBEAD reactor up to an OLR of 4.5 kg/m<SUP>3</SUP>·d owing to H<SUB>2</SUB>-dependent methylotrophic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, which converted H<SUB>2</SUB> into methane. In the case of an OLR of 6.0 kg/m<SUP>3</SUP>·d, methane production decreased significantly due to decreased pH and accumulated VFAs, but recovered on increasing the alkalinity. The maximum energy efficiency of 71.7% confirmed the high performance of the PBEAD reactor equipped with an SUS304 rotating impeller electrode.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Stainless steel impeller electrode was used as a cost-efficient and maintainable material. </LI> <LI> Stable methane production achieved in PBEAD reactor. </LI> <LI> PBEAD reactor prevents pH decrease and VFAs accumulation. </LI> <LI> H<SUB>2</SUB>-dependant methylotrophic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens were dominated in PBEAD reactor. </LI> </UL> </P>