Endophytic Trichoderma gamsii YIM PH30019: a promising biocontrol agent with hyperosmolar, mycoparasitism, and antagonistic activities of induced volatile organic compounds on root-rot pathogenic fungi of Panax notoginseng

Chen, Jin-Lian,Sun, Shi-Zhong,Miao, Cui-Ping,Wu, Kai,Chen, You-Wei,Xu, Li-Hua,Guan, Hui-Lin,Zhao, Li-Xing The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.4

Background: Biocontrol agents are regarded as promising and environmental friendly approaches as agrochemicals for phytodiseases that cause serious environmental and health problems. Trichoderma species have been widely used in suppression of soil-borne pathogens. In this study, an endophytic fungus, Trichoderma gamsii YIM PH30019, from healthy Panax notoginseng root was investigated for its biocontrol potential. Methods: In vitro detached healthy roots, and pot and field experiments were used to investigate the pathogenicity and biocontrol efficacy of T. gamsii YIM PH30019 to the host plant. The antagonistic mechanisms against test phytopathogens were analyzed using dual culture, scanning electron microscopy, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Tolerance to chemical fertilizers was also tested in a series of concentrations. Results: The results indicated that T. gamsii YIM PH30019 was nonpathogenic to the host, presented appreciable biocontrol efficacy, and could tolerate chemical fertilizer concentrations of up to 20%. T. gamsii YIM PH30019 displayed antagonistic activities against the pathogenic fungi of P. notoginseng via production of VOCs. On the basis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, VOCs were identified as dimethyl disulfide, dibenzofuran, methanethiol, ketones, etc., which are effective ingredients for antagonistic activity. T. gamsii YIM PH30019 was able to improve the seedlings' emergence and protect P. notoginseng plants from soil-borne disease in the continuous cropping field tests. Conclusion: The results suggest that the endophytic fungus T. gamsii YIM PH30019 may have a good potential as a biological control agent against notoginseng phytodiseases and can provide a clue to further illuminate the interactions between Trichoderma and phytopathogens.

Insecticidal activity of Streptomyces sp. with Juvenile hormone antagonist activity against Plutella xylostella

Dong Hwan Park,Bo Ram Lee,Jae Young Choi,Jong Hoon Kim,Min Gu Park,Ra Mi Woo,Yeon Ho Je 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.04

Streptomyces has been reported to produce various secondary metabolites which have the potential to become environmentally safe insecticides. In this study, 1,274 streptomyces culture filtrates were screened for their JHAN activity in order to identify novel insecticidal compounds. 34 isolates with high levels of JHAN activity were selected, and their insecticidal activities were tested against Plutella xylostella larvae. Among them, IMBL-263 which was revealed to be Streptomyces anulatus by 16s rRNA sequencing showed the highest insecticidal activity. Also, systemic activities of secondary metabolites extracted from the S. anulatus on plant, Brassica napus, were investigated. These results suggested that secondary metabolites from the S. anulatus might be useful for development of novel environmentally benign insecticides.

Mosquitocidal activity of penfluridol as juvenile hormone antagonist

Lee, Seok-Hee,Lim, Hee Nam,Choi, Jae Young,Park, Dong Hwan,Ahn, Byung Hoon,Fang, Ying,Kim, Jong Hoon,Park, Min Gu,Woo, Ra Mi,Lee, Bo Ram,Kim, Woo Jin,Ko, Young Kwan,Lee, Ill Young,Je, Yeon Ho 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Juvenile hormone antagonists (JHANs) are known to interfere with the formation of juvenile hormone (JH) receptor complex. JHANs might be effective for control of target pests in larval stages at which stages high level of endogenous JH titer is maintained. In order to identify novel insecticidal compounds, 2352 compounds were surveyed on their JHAN activities using the yeast-two hybrid system. Among 53 compounds with JHAN activities, penfluridol showed high level of insecticidal activity against larvae of <I>Aedes albopictus</I>. JHAN activity was increased in proportion to the concentration of penfluridol. Larvicidal activity of penfluridol was 1.3–2.0 folds higher than that of pyriproxyfen. These results suggested that penfluridol could be useful for control of mosquito larvae.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 53 compounds have high level of JHAN activity. </LI> <LI> Among 53 compounds, penfluridol showed the highest mosquitocidal activity. </LI> <LI> Penfluridol showed a significant mosquitocidal activity compared with pyriproxyfen. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

<i>In vitro</i> characterization of <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> KU15006, an isolate from kimchi, reveals anti-adhesion activity against foodborne pathogens and antidiabetic properties

Son, Sung-Ho,Jeon, Hye-Lin,Yang, Seo-Jin,Lee, Na-Kyoung,Paik, Hyun-Dong Elsevier 2017 Microbial pathogenesis Vol.112 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study aimed at evaluating the functional and probiotic properties of three lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strains isolated from kimchi. The selected LAB strains, which had potential probiotic functions, were identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis as <I>Lactobacillus brevis</I> G1, <I>L</I>. <I>brevis</I> KU15006, and <I>Lactobacillus curvatus</I> KCCM 200173. All LAB strains were able to tolerate incubation at pH 2.5 with 0.3% pepsin for 3 h and with 0.3% Oxgall for 24 h and showed similar enzyme production levels, antimicrobial activities, and antibiotic susceptibilities. <I>L</I>. <I>brevis</I> G1 and KU15006 presented higher adhesion ability, auto-aggregation, and cell surface hydrophobicity than <I>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</I> KCTC 12202BP, a commercial strain used as positive control. All LAB strains showed 50–60% co-aggregation activity with selected foodborne pathogens. <I>L</I>. <I>brevis</I> KU15006 showed anti-adhesion activity against <I>Escherichia coli</I> and <I>Salmonella</I> Typhimurium. In addition, cell-free supernatant and cell-free extract from <I>L</I>. <I>brevis</I> KU15006 displayed the highest inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase. These results indicate that <I>L</I>. <I>brevis</I> KU15006 has the best properties, with pathogen antagonistic and antidiabetic activity, for use in probiotic products.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>Lactobacillus brevis</I> KU15006 was isolated under the harsh conditions in kimchi. </LI> <LI> <I>L. brevis</I> KU15006 showed high adhesion, hydrophobicity, and auto-aggregation. </LI> <LI> <I>L. brevis</I> KU15006 inhibited the adhesion of pathogens to an intestinal cell line. </LI> <LI> <I>L. brevis</I> KU15006 possessed high α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. </LI> </UL> </P>

Synthesis of Substituted Cinnamoyl-tyramine Derivatives and their platelet Anti-aggregatory Activities

Woo, Nam-Tae,Jin, Sun-Yong,Cho, Jin-Cho,Kim, Nam-Sun,Bae, Bae-Eun-Hyung,Han, Ducky,Han, Byung-Hoon,Kang, Young-Hwa The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1997 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.20 No.1

Substituted cinnamoyl-tyramine derivatives were synthesized by DCC-coupling of substituted cinnamic acid with tyramine or tyramine methyl-1-ether to evaluate PAF-receptor binding antagonistic activities and inhibitory activities on PAF-induced platelet aggregation with interest on structure-activity relations. The results show that 3,4-dimethoxy-cinnamoyl tyramine-amide or its methyl ether have significant PAF-receptor binding antagonistic activity and platelet anti-aggregatory activities.

Bacillus sp. CS-52를 이용한 고추 탄저병 (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) 방제 특성

권정자,이중복,김범수,이은호,강경묵,심장섭,주우홍,전춘표,권기석,Kwon, Joung-Ja,Lee, Jung-Bok,Kim, Beam-Soo,Lee, Eun-Ho,Kang, Kyeong-Muk,Shim, Jang-Sub,Joo, Woo-Hong,Jeon, Chun-Pyo,Kwon, Gi-Seok 한국미생물학회 2014 미생물학회지 Vol.50 No.3

본 연구에서는 고추재배 지역의 오염지 토양으로부터 탄저병원균인 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides에 대하여 항진균 활성이 우수한 균주를 분리하였다. 분리 균주의 생화학적 특성을 조사한 결과 내생포자를 형성하는 Gram-positive이며, 세포크기는 $2.5{\sim}3.0{\times}1.5{\mu}m$으로 짧은 간균으로 siderophore, cellulase와 IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid)을 생산하였다. 16S rRNA 유전자염기서열 분석 결과 Bacillus sp.와 99%의 상동성을 나타내어 Bacillus sp. CS-52로 명명하였다. Bacillus sp. CS-52의 항진균 활성 물질을 생산하기 위한 배양 최적 조건은 0.5% glucose, 0.7% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.2% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.3% $NH_4NO_3$, 0.01% $MnSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, 0.15% yeast extract, pH 7과 $30^{\circ}C$로 조사되었으며, 최적화된 배양조건에서 36시간에 최대 성장을 보이며, 고추 탄저병원균에 대하여 60시간 배양조건에서 가장 높은 13.3 mm의 항진균 활성을 보였다. 포자발아억제력은 48시간에 가장 높은 억제력이 보였고, siderophore는 최종배양시간 72시간까지 생성됨을 확인하였다. 식물생장조절물질 IAA와 활성효소인 cellulase의 경우 배양시간 24시간에 최대 생성됨을 확인하였으며, C. gloeosporioides에 대한 실내에서의 항진균활성 검증결과 화학농약 보다 더 높은 70%의 방제가를 나타내었다. 향후 Bacillus sp. CS-52 균주와 배양액을 이용하여 생물학적 친환경방제제로의 제품화가 가능할 것으로 사료된다. This study was carried out in order to develop a biological control of anthracnose of red pepper caused by fungal pathogens. In particular, this study focuses on the Colletotrichum species, which includes important fungal pathogens causing a great deal of damage to red pepper. Antagonistic bacteria were isolated from the soil of pepper fields, which were then tested for biocontrol activity against the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides anthracnose pathogen of pepper. Based on the 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the isolated bacterial strain CS-52 was identical to Bacillus sp. The culture broth of Bacillus sp. CS-52 had antifungal activity toward the hyphae and spores of C. gloeosporioides. Moreover, the substances with antifungal activity were optimized when Bacillus sp. CS-52 was grown aerobically in a medium composed of 0.5% glucose, 0.7% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.2% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.3% $NH_4NO_3$, 0.01% $MnSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, and 0.15% yeast extract at $30^{\circ}C$. The inhibition of spore formation resulting from cellulase, siderophores, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), were produced at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, respectively. Bacillus sp. CS-52 also exhibited its potent fungicidal activity against anthracnose in an in vivo test, at a level of 70% when compared to chemical fungicides. These results identified substances with antifungal activity produced by Bacillus sp. CS-52 for the biological control of major plant pathogens in red pepper. Further studies will investigate the synergistic effect promoting better growth and antifungal activity by the formulation of substances with antifungal activity.

Isolation and characterization of the insect growth regulatory substances from actinomycetes

Kim, Jong Hoon,Choi, Jae Young,Park, Dong Hwan,Park, Dong-Jin,Park, Min Gu,Kim, So Young,Ju, Yoon Jung,Kim, Jun Young,Wang, Minghui,Kim, Chang-Jin,Je, Yeon Ho Elsevier 2020 COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLO Vol.228 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are attractive alternatives to chemical insecticides. Since it has been reported that secondary metabolites from actinomycetes show insecticidal activities against various insect pests, actinomycetes could be a potential source of novel IGR compounds. In the present study, insect juvenile hormone antagonists (JHANs) were identified from actinomycetes and their insect growth regulatory and insecticidal activities were investigated. A total of 363 actinomycetes were screened for their insect growth regulatory and insecticidal activities against <I>Aedes albopictus</I> and <I>Plutella xylostella</I>. Among them, <I>Streptomyces</I> sp. AN120537 showed the highest JHAN and insecticidal activities. Five antimycins were isolated as active compounds by assay-guided fractionation and showed high JHAN activities. These antimycins also exhibited significant insecticidal activities against <I>A</I>. <I>albopictus</I>, <I>P</I>. <I>xylostella</I>, <I>F</I>. <I>occidentalis</I>, and <I>T</I>. <I>urticae</I>. Moreover, dead larvae treated with these antimycins displayed morphological deformities that are similar to those of JH-based IGR-treated insects. This is the first report demonstrating that the insecticidal activities of antimycins resulted from their possible JHAN activity. Based on our results, it is expected that novel JHAN compounds potentially derived from actinomycetes could be efficiently applied as IGR insecticides with a broad insecticidal spectrum.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>Streptomyces</I> sp. AN120537 showed high JHAN and insecticidal activities. </LI> <LI> Antimycins were isolated from the strain AN120537 as JHAN substances. </LI> <LI> Antimycins showed high insecticidal activities against broad range of insect pests. </LI> <LI> JHAN substances from actinomycetes could be exploited as effective IGR insecticides. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Biocontrol of Fusarium Crown and Root Rot and Promotion of Growth of Tomato by Paenibacillus Strains Isolated from Soil

( Sheng Jun Xu ),( Byung Sup Kim ) 한국균학회 2014 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.42 No.2

In this study, bacterial strains were isolated from soils from 30 locations of Samcheok, Gangwon province. Of the isolated strains, seven showed potential plant growth promoting and antagonistic activities. Based on cultural and morphological characterization, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, these strains were identified as Paenibacillus species. All seven strains produced ammonia, cellulase, hydrocyanic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, protease, phosphatase, and siderophores. They also inhibited the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in vitro. The seven Paenibacillus strains enhanced a range of growth parameters in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions, in comparison with non-inoculated control plants. Notably, treatment of tomato plants with one identified strain, P. polymyxa SC09-21, resulted in 80.0% suppression of fusarium crown and root rot under greenhouse conditions. The plant growth promoting and antifungal activity of P. polymyxa SC09-21 identified in this study highlight its potential suitability as a bioinoculant.

Aryl biphenyl-3-ylmethylpiperazines as 5-HT7 receptor antagonists.

Kim, Jeeyeon,Kim, Youngjae,Tae, Jinsung,Yeom, Miyoung,Moon, Bongjin,Huang, Xi-Ping,Roth, Bryan L,Lee, Kangho,Rhim, Hyewhon,Choo, Il Han,Chong, Youhoon,Keum, Gyochang,Nam, Ghilsoo,Choo, Hyunah Wiley-VCH 2013 ChemMedChem Vol.8 No.11

<P>The 5-HT7 receptor (5-HT7 R) is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of depression and neuropathic pain. The 5-HT7 R antagonist SB-269970 exhibited antidepressant-like activity, whereas systemic administration of the 5-HT7 R agonist AS-19 significantly inhibited mechanical hypersensitivity and thermal hyperalgesia. In our efforts to discover selective 5-HT7 R antagonists or agonists, aryl biphenyl-3-ylmethylpiperazines were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated against the 5-HT7 R. Among the synthesized compounds, 1-([2'-methoxy-(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl]methyl)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (28) was the best binder to the 5-HT7 R (pKi =7.83), and its antagonistic property was confirmed by functional assays. The selectivity profile of compound 28 was also recorded for the 5-HT7 R over other serotonin receptor subtypes, such as 5-HT1 R, 5-HT2 R, 5-HT3 R, and 5-HT6 R. In a molecular modeling study, the 2-methoxyphenyl moiety attached to the piperazine ring of compound 28 was proposed to be essential for the antagonistic function.</P>

Biocontrol of Fusarium Crown and Root Rot and Promotion of Growth of Tomato by Paenibacillus Strains Isolated from Soil

Xu, Sheng Jun,Kim, Byung Sup The Korean Society of Mycology 2014 Mycobiology Vol.42 No.2

In this study, bacterial strains were isolated from soils from 30 locations of Samcheok, Gangwon province. Of the isolated strains, seven showed potential plant growth promoting and antagonistic activities. Based on cultural and morphological characterization, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, these strains were identified as Paenibacillus species. All seven strains produced ammonia, cellulase, hydrocyanic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, protease, phosphatase, and siderophores. They also inhibited the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in vitro. The seven Paenibacillus strains enhanced a range of growth parameters in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions, in comparison with non-inoculated control plants. Notably, treatment of tomato plants with one identified strain, P. polymyxa SC09-21, resulted in 80.0% suppression of fusarium crown and root rot under greenhouse conditions. The plant growth promoting and antifungal activity of P. polymyxa SC09-21 identified in this study highlight its potential suitability as a bioinoculant.