시어의 언어적 분석의 효용성에 관하여

신희삼 한국어의미학회 2010 한국어 의미학 Vol.32 No.-

Literature is the art of language. Here’s a stylistic analysis of linguistic approaches to the efficiency with which that was studied. In chapter 2, statistical analysis and nonstatistical analysis were discussed. In statistical analysis, quantitative analysis of phonological and lexical dealt. Items syllable, coda consonants, ivowel, bisexual bar. Nasal, liquid, etc coda plosive. Analyzed and compared with the traditional style. In analyzing patterns of individual word nonstatistical two items dealt with the honorific. In chapter 3, the limits of linguistic analysis has been developed with the profession to discuss. Linguistic analysis, statistical analysis of the benefits of giving unity to the whole works, and works will benefit analysis. Nonstatistical analysis of the benefits of the writers and the overall image of the work and aesthetic interpretation is that a key role. Linguistic approach to the city, despite the many advantages, has some weaknesses and limitations. Stylistic analysis of the target audience without exception, only in the eyes of writers and analysts is overlooking. The stylistic analysis of the future response of the readers of scientific, objective and based on this new style of data analysis techniques in the direction of the development will have to.

Stylistic Analysis of Agyeya’s Poem ‘sã:s ka: putala:’

Gargesh Ravinder 한국인도학회 2010 印度硏究 Vol.15 No.2

It is a fact that all literature is manifested in and through language. It is therefore necessary to emphasize on a language-based perspective and not depend solely on philosophical, psychological or biographical perspectives of analysis. The linguistics based stylistic perspective is both analytical and systematic, and this allows us to functionally view the various factors in a text. This language based perspective, however, should not be restricted to the recognition and computing of linguistic elements but should be sensitive to the creative and aesthetic aspects of language use. This can only be done if linguistics is viewed in a global perspective and not in a narrow one. ‘Stylistics’ is the sub-discipline of linguistics that can explicate literary texts by first analyzing the linguistic stylistic features of a text and then studying their functions in the created contexts of the text. Linguistic stylistics needs to be viewed as part of a larger semiotic or semiolinguistic exercise that allows the creation of ‘fictive’ contexts and generates significations in the created contexts. Further, the use of language in poetry is markedly different from the one essentially used in narrative and drama texts. Poetry tends to be more subjective and manifests greater variations in the use of language forms. Keeping the semiotics of poetry in mind, a threefold hierarchical structure has been used for the analysis of poetic texts in such a manner that the second level evolves out of the first level and the third level evolves out of the second. The first level consists of the linguistically identified stylistic features at different levels of language organization, i.e. at the phonological, lexical, syntactic and semantic/pragmatic levels, and this level is termed as the level of the ‘sentence symbol’. The second level views the identified significant features in terms of semiotic entities and this level is called the level of the ‘symbols in art’. The third level consists of a higher level where all the significations get synthesized, giving us, finally, the significations of the text itself, and this level has been termed as the level of the ‘art symbol’. A systematic though interlinked analyses at the different levels of analysis helps us in arriving at the significations of the poem. The present paper will provide a detailed analysis of S. H. V. Agyeya’s poem ‘sa:s ka: putala:’ (An effigy filled with breath) on the above-mentioned lines and will also show how the poem iconizes the state of helplessness and passivity of the poem I, with love providing the only hope for revitalization.

코퍼스에 기반한 문학텍스트 분석

하명정(Myung-Jeong Ha) 한국콘텐츠학회 2013 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.13 No.9

코퍼스 언어학이 연구방법의 한 분야로서 최근 그 입지를 급격하게 넓혀온 가운데, 언어학적 현상과 함께 문학텍스트의 이해를 깊게 하는데 기여를 해 왔다. 최근 코퍼스 언어학의 급속한 저변확대에도 불구하고 문학텍스트 코퍼스를 기반으로 한 고전 및 문학작품의 재해석에 대한 시도는 국내언어학계에서 매우 미미한 실정에 머물러 있다. 이에 본 연구는 코퍼스 언어학의 분석도구인 컴퓨터 콘코던스 프로그램인 워드스미스를 이용하여 방대한 전자텍스트로 이루어져 있는 문학작픔의 문체적 특성과 주요테마를 조사하고자 하였다. 특히 본 연구는 텍스트의 주요한 특성을 나타내는 키워드(keyword)에 초점을 두고 세익스피어의 비극작품인 로미오와 줄리엣을 코퍼스 언어학적 분석기법으로 접근하여 작품세계를 재조명하여 학문적 의의가 크다고 생각되며 앞으로 관련된 후속연구가 이어질 것으로 기대된다. Recently corpus linguistic analyses enable researchers to examine meanings and structural features of data, that is not detected intuitively. While the potential of corpus linguistic techniques has been established and demonstrated for non-literary data, corpus stylistic analyses have been rarely performed in terms of the analysis of literature. Specifically this paper explores keywords and their role in text analysis, which is primary part of corpus linguistic analyses. This paper focuses on the application of techniques from corpus linguistics and the interpretation of results. This paper addresses the question of what is to be gained from keyword analysis by scrutinizing keywords in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet.

삶의 수사학 - 김동리 문학에 나타난 발화 전략으로서 ‘구경(究竟)’의 개념

BERTHELIERBENOIT PIERRE ALEXANDRE 한국문학연구학회 2016 현대문학의 연구 Vol.0 No.59

Kim Tongni(1913-1995) is well-known as the main theoretician and proponent of “pure literature” in Korea. But oddly enough, the more purely literary aspects of his work, namely style, remains largely unexplored. This paper aims to offer a new reading of some of Kim’s major works through a stylistical analysis. It first looks at Kim’s critical view of the expressive capabilities of language, inspired by the modernist philosophies of Bergson and James. Convinced that ordinary words and everyday speech could not express the transcendent “absolute life” he held to be at the core of every great literary work, Kim sought a new, higher form of language. This paper shows how this view, and the tension between the effable and the ineffable it implied, influenced Kim’s stylistic evolution, from his choice of words to the rhythmic texture of his prose and the plot structure of his novels. However, instead of taking Kim’s search for the Absolute as face value, this paper also explores the rhetorical role played by this concept. Kim found legitimacy in the literary field by claiming that his works could express transcendent values which, circularly, they also defined. Rather than a unified and well-defined idea, Kim’s Absolute can thus be seen as an elusive, plastic notion constantly renegotiated to justify his stylistic and narrative choices in the face of literary quarrels and political turmoils. 김동리는 ‘순수문학’의 소설가 및 기수로 잘 알려져 있다. 그러나 김동리 문학에서 가장 ‘순수한’ 문학적 양상을 띠고 있는 구성요소, 즉 문체에 대해서는 거의 연구되지 않았다. 본고는 문체적 분석을 통해 김동리의 문학에 대한 새로운 독법을 제시하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 베르그송과 제임스의 근대주의적인 철학의 영향을 받아 언어의 표현적 기능에 대해 비판적인 의식을 가졌던 김동리는 초월적 ‘구경적 생’을 ‘본격 문학’의 핵심이라 여기고, 그를 표현할 수 있는 언어, 일반적인 어휘와 일상의 언어를 극복할 수 있는 더 높은 단계의 언어를 추구했다. 이러한 지향과 이에 수반되는 ‘말할 수 있는 것’과 ‘말할 수 없는 것’ 사이의 갈등이 어휘의 선택, 문장의 리듬적 구조, 플롯의 구성 등에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤으며, 김동리의 문체가 형성되는 데 어떻게 기여하고 있는지를 본고는 살펴보고자 한다. 다른 한편으로 본 연구는 김동리의 ‘구경’에 대한 추구를 그대로 수용하기보다는 이 개념의 수사학적 역할을 검토한다. 문학장 안에서 김동리의 문학적 정당성은 자신의 작품이 절대적, 초월적인 ‘구경’을 표현할 수 있다는 주장에 의해 정초되었지만, 동시에 ‘구경’이란 순환적으로 김동리의 작품에 의해 정의된 것에 불과했다. 즉 ‘구경’이란 일관되고 명확한 개념이라기보다 유동성으로 충만한 개념이며, 발화 상황 또는 필요에 따라서 문학장의 논쟁이나 역사의 국면과 함께 진화한 수사학적인 수단으로 볼 수도 있다.

삶의 수사학 -김동리 문학에 나타난 발화 전략으로서 “구경(究竟)”의 개념

브노와밸터리에 ( Benoit Berthelier ) 한국문학연구학회 2016 현대문학의 연구 Vol.0 No.59

김동리는 ``순수문학``의 소설가 및 기수로 잘 알려져 있다. 그러나 김동리 문학에서 가장 ``순수한`` 문학적 양상을 띠고 있는 구성요소, 즉 문체에 대해서는 거의 연구되지 않았다. 본고는 문체적 분석을 통해 김동리의 문학에 대한 새로운 독법을 제시하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 베르그송과 제임스의 근대주의적인 철학의 영향을 받아 언어의 표현적 기능에 대해 비판적인 의식을 가졌던 김동리는 초월적 ``구경적 생``을 ``본격 문학``의 핵심이라 여기고, 그를 표현할 수 있는 언어, 일반적인 어휘와 일상의 언어를 극복할 수 있는 더 높은 단계의 언어를 추구했다. 이러한 지향과 이에 수반되는 ``말할 수 있는 것``과 ``말할 수 없는 것`` 사이의 갈등이 어휘의 선택, 문장의 리듬적 구조, 플롯의 구성 등에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤으며, 김동리의 문체가 형성되는 데 어떻게 기여하고 있는지를 본고는 살펴보고자 한다. 다른 한편으로 본 연구는 김동리의 ``구경``에 대한 추구를 그대로 수용하기보다는 이 개념의 수사학적 역할을 검토한다. 문학장 안에서 김동리의 문학적 정당성은 자신의 작품이 절대적, 초월적인 ``구경``을 표현할 수 있다는 주장에 의해 정초되었지만, 동시에 ``구경``이란 순환적으로 김동리의 작품에 의해 정의된 것에 불과했다. 즉 ``구경``이란 일관되고 명확한 개념이라기보다 유동성으로 충만한 개념이며, 발화 상황 또는 필요에 따라서 문학장의 논쟁이나 역사의 국면과 함께 진화한 수사학적인 수단으로 볼 수도 있다. Kim Tongni(1913-1995) is well-known as the main theoretician and proponent of "pure literature" in Korea. But oddly enough, the more purely literary aspects of his work, namely style, remains largely unexplored. This paper aims to offer a new reading of some of Kim`s major works through a stylistical analysis. It first looks at Kim`s critical view of the expressive capabilities of language, inspired by the modernist philosophies of Bergson and James. Convinced that ordinary words and everyday speech could not express the transcendent "absolute life" he held to be at the core of every great literary work, Kim sought a new, higher form of language. This paper shows how this view, and the tension between the effable and the ineffable it implied, influenced Kim`s stylistic evolution, from his choice of words to the rhythmic texture of his prose and the plot structure of his novels. However, instead of taking Kim`s search for the Absolute as face value, this paper also explores the rhetorical role played by this concept. Kim found legitimacy in the literary field by claiming that his works could express transcendent values which, circularly, they also defined. Rather than a unified and well-defined idea, Kim`s Absolute can thus be seen as an elusive, plastic notion constantly renegotiated to justify his stylistic and narrative choices in the face of literary quarrels and political turmoils.

영미 아동 모험 소설에 관한 코퍼스 분석 연구: 『보물섬』을 중심으로

최은샘(Eunsaem Choi),정채관(Chae Kwan Jung) 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.21 No.1

본 연구에서는 대표적인 영미 아동 모험 소설 『보물섬』의 언어적 특징을 파악하기 위해 『보물섬』을 코퍼스화 하여 어휘, 리마, 키워드, n-그램을 분석하였다. 이 연구를 통해 고빈도 어휘가 텍스트의 핵심어라는 일반적인 주장과 달리 『보물섬』의 고빈도 어휘는 『보물섬』과 직접 관련이 없는 기능어, 고유명사 등이 최상위층에 포진하고 있다는 것을 발견하였고, 통계적인 방법으로 추출한 『보물섬』 키워드 역시 『보물섬』의 내용을 가늠하기에 충분하지 않음을 발견하였다. 따라서 1차 정량적인 키워드 분석 후 진행된 2차 정성적인 키워드 분석을 통해 추출한 30개의 핵심 키워드를 통해 『보물섬』 내용을 신속하고 구체적으로 파악하는 단초를 마련하였고, 이를 바탕으로 그동안 직관적으로만 회자 되던 『보물섬』에 나타난 남성성을 계량적으로 분석할 수 있었다. 또한, n-그램 분석을 통해 『보물섬』의 작가가 다른 작가에 비해 선호하고 자주 사용하는 연속어휘구를 발견하였고, 이를 토대로 문학 작품의 계량적 연구가 가능한 코퍼스 문체론 연구의 가능성을 탐색하였다. 본 연구를 통해 밝혀낸 연구결과가 영미 아동문학 콘텐츠의 확산과 코퍼스 문체론 연구에 도움이 되기를 희망한다. In this study, we analyzed the vocabulary, lemmas, keywords, and n-grams in 『Treasure Island』 to identify certain linguistic features of this British-American childrens adventure novel. The current study found that, contrary to the popular claim that frequently-used words are important and essential to a story, the set of frequently-used words in 『Treasure Island』 were mostly function words and proper nouns that were not directly related to the plot found in 『Treasure Island』. We also ascertained that a list of keywords using a statistical method making use of a corpus program was not good enough to surmise the story of 『Treasure Island』. However, we managed to extract 30 keywords through the first quantitative keyword analysis and then a second qualitative keyword analysis. We also carried out a series of n-gram analyses and were able to discover lexical bundles that were preferred and frequently used by the author of 『Treasure Island』. We hope that the results of this study will help spread this knowledge among British-American children’s literature as well as to further put forward corpus stylistic theory.

„Prosimy więcej u nas nie kupować” rzecz o kryzysie w dyskursie handlowym

Sujkowska-Sobisz, K 한국슬라브어학회 2014 슬라브어연구 Vol.19 No.1

In the present study Katarzyna Sujkowska-Sobisz deals with the lingual strategies which are used by the seller in the face of the crisis in the purchase and sale process. Such crisis could appear at many times of the selling act, but the author is mostly interested in the communicative strategies chosen by the seller (i.e. corporate personhood), when the client (i.e. a natural person) is dissatisfied with the transaction and expressed it verbally. The material basis for this article was taken from a very popular in Poland online auction website, Allegro.pl. The observations made on the analysed texts’ hybridism connected with the colloquiality expansion, multisemiotically status and “quasi selfpromotion” are preceded by the author’s meticulous, text-oriented analyses.

근대계몽기 잡지 자연어 전처리 작업에서 문체 분류와 형태분석 방안에 대한 모색

전성규 한림대학교 한림과학원 2020 개념과 소통 Vol.0 No.25

This paper classifies the style and discusses natural language processing problems presented by eleven academic journals published during the modern Enlightenment period which have been digitized to the Korean history database. This is a basic step in studying these journals, which deploy various types of stylistic formats, including Chinese, Korean, and Korean written in Chinese characters. These stylistic complexities are significant obstacles which prevent accurate data extraction by means of digital humanities methodologies based upon word processing. Journal articles were initially classified into ten types, and those articles which predominantly used Chinese words with Korean grammatical patterns were selected for further research. This style was typically used by articles which translated or transcribed academic content, and also for articles which described new or revised legal codes. Thus, if digital humanities methodology is applied to articles selected by this stylistic criterion, research results tend to be more tightly focused upon the introduction of modern education and knowledge, and upon new concepts related to the legal, political, and economic fields. The method of discourse analysis used by this study, in which stylistic criteria are used to segment the texts found in journals of modern Enlightenment for further analysis, is a useful and appropriate tool, since the various types of modern Enlightenment material are readily and recognizably separable on the basis of their writing style: each type tends toward a characteristic format. This segmentation also allows a clearer and more focused discussion of how to process the target data for each style, resulting in an increased accuracy for the data extracted, and a more effective understanding of the way in which the worldview of the authors is revealed by their stylistic choices. In addition, this paper discusses the morphological analysis of the Chinese words, especially the processing of vocabulary in complex relations and derivative relations. The general criteria used in Korean linguistic analysis are inadequate for this kind of morphological analysis, which needs to be adapted to the specific research aims of a particular study. 본고는 근대계몽기 발간되어 한국사데이터베이스상에 전자화된 잡지 11종을 디지털인문학 방법론을 통해 연구하기 위한 기초단계로 문체 분류를 시도하고 자연어 처리문제를 논의하고자 하였다. 근대계몽기 잡지에서는 한문체, 국한문체, 국문체 등 여러 층위의 문체들이 복잡하게사용되고 있다. 이러한 특징은 단어 처리가 기본이 되는 디지털인문학 방법론 안에서는 정확한 데이터를 추출할 수 없게 하는 중요한 요인이 될 수 있어 우선적으로 잡지에 실린 기사에 대한 문체 분류를 시도하고, 다양한 문체의 특성을 보여 주는 근대계몽기 잡지에 대한 하나의 연구 방법으로 문체별 담론 분석의 방법을 제안하였다. 문체가 하나의 글쓰기 형식으로 강하게 인식되었던 근대계몽기 자료를 문체별로 파악할 경우, 그 형식이 담은 내용에 보다 특징적으로 접근할 수 있으며, 문체별로 그 대상 자료를 가공하는 방법에 보다 논의가 집중될 수 있다. 이는 근대계몽기 잡지를분절하여 보는 방법이지만, 데이터의 정확도를 보다 높이는 방법이기도 하고 문체의세계관을 드러내는 데 효율적인 방법이 될 수도 있다. 이에 따라 근대계몽기 잡지상의 문체를 10종으로 분류해 보았고, 그중 보다 가공이용이한 문체라고 판단되는 한문단어체가 주도적으로 사용된 기사에 한정해 형태분석에 관한 논의를 진행하였다. 한문단어체가 주도적으로 사용된 기사의 형태분석은 복합관계ㆍ파생관계에 있는 어휘들의 분석이 중요하다고 보았고, 이 경우 국어학적 분석 기준보다는 연구자의 연구 목적에 따른 형태분석이 이루어질 필요가 있다. 한문단어체는 근대계몽기 잡지 안에서 주로 학술적 내용을 번역 혹은 역술하여 싣거나, 관보나 민간 신문의 소식과 새로 재정되거나 개정된 법에 대한 소식을 요약하여전달하는 기사의 문체로 종종 선택되었다. 그렇기 때문에 한문단어체로 쓰인 기사를선별해 디지털인문학 방법론을 적용할 경우 근대 교육과 지식이 정립되거나 법ㆍ정치ㆍ경제 영역과 관련된 신개념 등이 유입되는 상황에 보다 주목한 연구 결과가 나올수 있다.

Repetition in the theater Tawfiq al-Hakim and his role in the formation of theatrical text“ stylistic study"

Nagwa Khalaf 명지대학교 중동문제연구소 2012 중동문제연구 Vol.11 No.2

The aim of this research is the study of stylistics in the Theater, Stylistics is the description and analysis of the variability of linguistic forms in actual language use. Considering style as choice, there are a multitude of stylistic factors that lead the language user to prefer certain linguistic forms to others. The concept of style as recurrence of linguistic forms is closely related to a probabilistic and statistical understanding of style, which implicitly underlies the deviation-from¬a-norm perspective. As with any other linguistic branch, stylistics is very much a work in progress. This is because the object of inquiry constantly grows, evolving new. It is obvious that stylistic in the Arab world focused on poetry, Therefore, this study tended to the theater, And this research Specialized theater Tawfiq aI-Hakim as the largest playwright modem Arabic, I chose some plays that represent varied his style, which are seven plays: "Ahl alkahfa" in 1933, the play "Scheherazade" in 1934, the play "AI Safqa" in 1956. Play "Sultan Al haur" in 1960, the play "Ya talea Alshajara" in 1962. Play "AI taaam lekol fam" 1963, "Shams Alnahar" in 1965. It should be noted- Through statistical analysis - that repetition was the most frequency phenomena in the theater of Hakim, Where it reached 1169 times. This research studied the synthetic side of the repetition and the functional, Where it became clear that Hakim repeat Noun {32.4%}, Pronoun{31.6%}, Verb{16%}, and Sentence {11.8%}, Phrase {7.8%}, This side of the synthetic. New in this study it is trying to link the phenomenon and the Theatrical Event, Where it became clear that there is a strong relationship between the Theatrical event and repetition, There is a positive relationship between the Theatrical Event and replication, Whenever the Theatrical Event develops Repetition increase. Also Repetition expressed Metaphorical assertion, Exclamation, Hesitancy, and given a chance to think.

Stylistic and Theatre Question is a stylistic feature of the theater

아흐메드 한국아랍어아랍문학회 2012 아랍어와 아랍문학 Vol.16 No.2

This study aims to identify the stylistic features in the Arab theater, In the belief that every genre has stylistic features that distinguish it from other species. Stylistics is the description and analysis of the variability of linguistic forms in actual language use. this research studies three plays of different authors:1 – Tawfiq al-Hakim’s “Alsultan Ha'ir”: السلطان الحائر لتوفيق الحكيم2 – ” Saadallah Wannous’s “Almalek Howa Almalek الملك هو الملك لسعد الله ونوس3 – ” Salah Abdel Sabour’s “ Ba’da An Yamout Almalek بعد أن يموت الملك لصلاح عبد الصبور. "This choice is not random, but several objectives, namely:- The time factor: They represent three generations of playwrights, Tawfiq Hakim (1898 - 1987), Salah Abdel Sabour (1931 - 1981), Saadallah Wannous (1941-1997). - Technical factor: Every one of them has a literary school, Tawfiq al-Hakim first wrote the play and incidentals "the Ahl of the Cave", and Salah Abdel Sabour founder of free poetry, and wrote his plays, Saadallah Wannous foundations of what is known as political theater. - factor language: Tawfiq al-Hakim called for the third language in writing theater; even be easy language close to the language of daily life, and at the same time, is not wrong in terms of Arabic grammar, but Salah Abdel Sabour wrote his plays poetry free eloquent, and comes Saadallah Wannous his preference full classical Arabic language in playwriting. . "Through statistical analysis, questions were found of stylistic features, It recurs 1158 times, “Sultan Ha'ir “Tawfiq al-Hakim 54.4% , “The King is King” Saadallah Wannous 27.3%, “After the king dies “ Salah Abdel Sabour 18.3%. The most important results of this study:Question is a stylistic feature that combines these plays, though there are stylistic features of each writer - The question has a strong role in development the theatrical event, and this is what we have observed in the study of the three plays, "Although they are different authors, there is a thread connecting these plays together, A dependence on questions is an essential development in theatrical event. There was a strong and positive relationship between the development of the event and the density question.