인삼(Panax Ginseng) 꽃 추출물의 항산화 효과

도희진 ( Hee-jin Do ),권혜진 ( Hye-jin Kwon ) 한국미용예술경영학회 2012 미용예술경영연구 Vol.6 No.3

Several studies about multi-purpose cosmetics with anti-aging & antioxidant effect using natural ingredients have been going on actively, caused by the increased living standard and interest in well-being. Ginseong, which is the staple product of Korea, has been greatly used as the ingredient of multi-purpose cosmetics to improve beauty care, focusing on bio-active material & medicinal effect of red ginseong sapponine from the roots of ginseong. Especially, Gincenocide-Rg1, -Rb1 of ginseong sapponine is known to have anti-aging & antioxidant effect. In addition, the recent study showed that ginseong flower has a great value as an aromatic plant with its peculiar refreshing aroma, which brought about the development of aromaric material extracted from ginseong flower. Nevertheless, the study about skin wrinkles & beauty care is not satisfactory. Considering this situation, this study aims to develop the ingredient of multi -purpose cosmetics using natural materials. By using ginseong flower (by-product in growing ginseong) at a low price & comparing ginseong extracts (whichi have already proved to improve beauty care & medicinal effect), we have clarified the optimal condition for developing ingredients as follows. First, the result of antioxidant effect through DPPH is that red ginseong extract is 61.28% of l000ppm, ginseong flower being 65.8%. Second, the result of analyzing gincenoid contents through HPLC is that Gincenocide-RG1 contents of ginseong extracts is, Gincenocide-RB1 being, Gincenocide-Rg1 contents of ginseong flower being, and Gincenocide-Rb1 is. It turned out that ginseong flower is superior in both antioxidant effect and gincenoid contents. It is judged that ginseong flower will have a significant value on being used as a new ingrdient of multi-purpose cosmetics in the future. Adding bio-active material from ginseong extracts effectively, it is expected to have a possibility as a multi-purpose material in maintaing the function of original skin and preventing aging process.

발효 인삼꽃 추출물의 경구 투여가 마우스 사이토카인 IL-6, TNF-α의 생성에 미치는 영향

정수지,김경희,손화영,육홍선,Jeong, Su-Ji,Kim, Kyoung-Hee,Son, Hwa-Young,Yook, Hong-Sun 한국식품영양학회 2014 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

생체 내 실험에서 발효 인삼꽃 추출물(FM), 발효하지 않은 인삼꽃 추출물(FD)과 대조군으로 생리식염수를 2주간 마우스 체중 kg 당 100, 200 mg/kg B.W.의 농도로 마우스에 경구 투여한 후 LPS에 의해 활성화된 복강 대식세포가 분비하는 염증성 사이토카인 IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$의 생성량을 측정하였다. 그 결과, IL-6는 발효 LPS로 자극한 경우, 두 가지 농도에서 모두 처리한 군에 비해 높은 증식능을 나타내었고, LPS로 자극한 결과, 특히 발효 인삼꽃 추출물 200 mg/kg B.W. 농도에서 유의적으로 낮은 IL-6 분비량을 보였다. TNF-${\alpha}$의 경우, 100 mg/kg B.W.와 200 mg/kg B.W. 두 농도 모두에서 LPS로 자극하지 않은 경우, 낮은 증식 효과를 보여주었고, 자극한 경우, 인삼꽃 시료를 첨가한 군이 대조군보다 낮은 TNF-${\alpha}$ 분비량을 보였으며, FM에서 FD보다 더 TNF-${\alpha}$를 억제하는 효과가 큰 것을 볼 수 있었다. 이상의 결과에 따르면 FD의 사이토카인 IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ 생성 효과는 200 mg/kg B.W. 농도 투여 시 효과적으로 면역 세포와 면역 기관의 주요 기능을 증진시킬 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 앞으로 인삼꽃 발효를 이용한 기능성 사료 개발과 더불어 산업적 측면에서 보다 긍정적인 효과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer has been used as a traditional medicinal ingredient and the ginseng flower-buds also proved to have good medicinal properties. In this study, in order to enhance immune activities of ginseng flower-bud, the ginseng flower-bud extract was being fermented by Bacillus subtilis KCTC 1022 (BS), Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC3 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CHY1011 (SC). Mice were orally administered daily for two weeks at two different concentrations (100 and 200 mg/kg B.W.). Treatment samples were water extracts of ginseng flower-buds (FD), water extracts of fermented ginseng flower-buds (FM) and controls for saline solution. Cytokine production (IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$) either stimulated with LPS or not stimulated with LPS was detected by the ELISA assay when using the cytokine kit. Cytokine was statistically increased at supplemented groups with LPS in both the 100 and the 200 mg/kg B.W. and treatment with FM significantly decreased the LPS-induced TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 production more than the treatment with FD. The results of this study may suggest that supplementation with FM increases the immune function by regulating cytokine production capacity for activated macrophages.

고려인삼 열매채취시기에 따른 열매형질 및 진세노사이드 함량 변화

이은섭,김연주,한정아,조창휘,안영남 한국약용작물학회 2018 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Background: This study was carried out to determine the best time for collecting ginseng berries without reducing the ginsenoside- Re content of ginseng roots, which are used as food, medicine, or cosmetic materials. Methods and Results: The test variety of ginseng used in this study was is Chunpung, which was collected from a 4-year-old ginseng field. Ginseng berries were collected at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 days after flowering. The number of berry bunches per 1.62㎡ ranged from 43.4 to 61.4, while the weight of berries per 1.62㎡ was the greatest when they were collected 49 days after flowering. The root fresh weight per 1.62㎡ was increased by 0.21 - 1.00 ㎏ compared with that before the test, but root weight gain was decreased as the berry collection time was delayed. Total ginsenoside content of 4-year-old ginseng was the highest when berries were collected 7 days after flowering, while the ginsenoside-Re contents was the highest when collection was done 14 days after flowering. Conclusions: The most suitable period for ginseng berry collection was proposed to be from 14 to 21 days after flowering, as this is when the content of ginsenoside-Re, which is useful as a medicinal or cosmetic material, is still high and the ginseng root has not yet decreased in weight.

人蔘 胚培養에 있어서 花器出現 特性

Chan Moon Chung(鄭燦文),Youl Young Chung(鄭悅永),Jae Seong Jo(曺在星) 한국육종학회 1995 한국육종학회지 Vol.27 No.4

This study was carried out to examine the path way of in vitro flower through embryo culture of Korean ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Zygotic embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog(MS) medium with various concentrations of indolebutyric acid(IBA), benzyladenine(BA) and gibberellic acid(GA). There were two pathway of differentiations from the adventitious buds and shoot primordium in relation to the in vitro flower development. In this case, there are three types of flower emergence : shoot only, flowers only and shoot with flowers. When the amount of in vitro flower differentiation increased, the anther development was poor. The primary culture at 18℃ and the secondary culture at 25℃ under light condition was optimum for the in vitro flower induction.

Inhibition of TNF-a-Mediated NF-kB Transcriptional Activity by Dammarane-Type Ginsenosides from Steamed Flower Buds of Panax ginseng in HepG2 and SK-Hep1 Cells

( Kyoung Won Cho ),( Seok Bean Song ),( Nguyen Huu Tung ),( Kyoon Eon Kim ),( Young Ho Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2014 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.22 No.1

Panax ginseng is a medicinal herb that is used worldwide. Its medicinal effects are primarily attributable to ginsenosides located in the root, leaf, seed, and flower. The flower buds of Panax ginseng (FBPG) are rich in various bioactive ginsenosides, which exert immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of 18 ginsenosides isolated from steamed FBPG on the transcriptional activity of NF-kB and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α)- stimulated target genes in liver-derived cell lines. Noticeably, the ginsenosides Rk3 and Rs4 exerted the strongest activity, inhibiting NF-kB in a dose-dependent manner. SF and Rg6 also showed moderately inhibitory effects. Furthermore, these four compounds inhibited the TNF-a-induced expression of IL8, CXCL1, iNOS, and ICAM1 genes. Consequently, ginsenosides purified from steamed FBPG have therapeutic potential in TNF-a-mediated diseases such as chronic hepatic inflammation.

초단파 및 식초 처리 인삼화뢰의 진세노사이드 Rg2 및 Rg3 성분 고농도 함유 조건 최적화

김신정(Shin-Jung Kim),김주덕(Ju-Duck Kim),고성권(Sung-Kwon Ko) 한국화장품미용학회 2017 한국화장품미용학회지 Vol.7 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop a functional cosmetics new material of ginseng flower buds extracts with the high concentration of ginsenoside Rg2 and Rg3 known as the special components of Red ginseng. Chemical transformation from the saponin glycosides of ginseng to the prosapogenin was analyzed by the HPLC. The extracts of ginseng flower buds (Panax ginseng) by adding vinegar (about 14% acidity) were processed at the several microwave (departure frequency 2,450MHz, regular high frequency output 700W) treatment conditions. The result of MGF-1 indicated that microwave and vinegar processed ginseng flower buds extracts had the highest amount of ginsenoside Re (8.791%), Rg2 (1.585%), and total saponin (19.967%). MGF-9 (1.177%) showed the highest content in ginsenoside Rg3, followed by MGF-7 (1.152%) and MGF-1 (0.949%). GF did not contain ginsenoside Rg3.

Complete ¹H-NMR and <SUP>13</SUP>C-NMR spectral assignment of five malonyl ginsenosides from the fresh flower buds of Panax ginseng

Yu-Shuai Wang,Yin-Ping Jin,Wei Gao,Sheng-Yuan Xiao,Yu-Wei Zhang,Pei-He Zheng,Jia Wang,Jun-Xia Liu,Cheng-He Sun,Ying-Ping Wang 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.3

Background: Ginsenosides are the major effective ingredients responsible for the pharmacological effects of ginseng. Malonyl ginsenosides are natural ginsenosides that contain a malonyl group attached to a glucose unit of the corresponding neutral ginsenosides. Methods: Medium-pressure liquid chromatography and semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography were used to isolate purified compounds and their structures determined by extensive one-dimensional- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Results: A new saponin, namely malonyl-ginsenoside Re, was isolated from the fresh flower buds of Panax ginseng, along with malonyl-ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd. Some assignments for previously published ¹H- and <SUP>13</SUP>C-NMR spectra were found to be inaccurate. Conclusion: This study reports the complete NMR assignment of malonyl-ginsenoside Re, Rb₁, Rb₂, Rc, and Rd for the first time.

인삼 1차 부산물의 생산량 및 기능성 성분 특성

김관후,성봉재,김선익,한승호,김현호,이가순 한국약용작물학회 2011 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.19 No.5

This study was carried out to utilize the byproducts (flower, immature and mature berry, leaf and stem) of ginseng. Yield of byproducts were 32.7±9.8g in flower, 68.2±2.2g in immature berry, 48.5±4.3g in mature berry, 316.2±20.5g in leaf, and 296.6±15.4g in stem per 3.3m2 (180×90cm, ginseng root 675.5±35.7g/drybasis. The total saponin contents of ginseng byproducts and root are 52.36±1.24, 68.71±1.98, 168.89±0.57, 68.26±1.32, 7.85±0.61 and 35.08±0.96 mg/g, respectively. The main ginsenoside of all byproducts was Re and the highest content was 132.23±1.56 mg/g in mature berry. But flower and berry was not detected Rf and Rh1, respectively. Total polyphenolic compound content on mature berry was the highest, 2.242±0.140%, after, immature berry 〉 leaf 〉 flower 〉 root 〉 stem order. The DPPH radical scavenging activity on mature berry was the highest, 0.115±0.004 mg/mL(IC50), and the others were the same order of polyphenolic compound and ginsenoside content on byproducts.

Insilico Analysis for Expressed Sequence Tags from Embryogenic Callus and Flower Buds of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

Sathiyamoorthy, Subramaniyam,In, Jun-Gyo,Lee, Byum-Soo,Kwon, Woo-Seang,Yang, Dong-Uk,Kim, Ju-Han,Yang, Deok-Chun The Korean Society of Ginseng 2011 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.35 No.1

Panax ginseng root has been used as a major source of ginsenoside throughout the history of oriental medicine. In recent years, scientists have found that all of its biomass, including embryogenic calli and flower buds can contain similar active ingredients with pharmacological functions. In this study, transcriptome analyses were used to identify different gene expressions from embryogenic calli and fl ower buds. In total, 6,226 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained from cDNA libraries of P. ginseng. Insilico analysis was conducted to annotate the putative sequences using gene ontology functional analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthology biochemical analysis, and interproscan protein functional domain analysis. From the obtained results, genes responsible for growth, pathogenicity, pigments, ginsenoside pathway, and development were discussed. Almost 83.3% of the EST sequence was annotated using one-dimensional insilico analysis.

Insilico Analysis for Expressed Sequence Tags from Embryogenic Callus and Flower Buds of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

Subramaniyam Sathiyamoorthy,Jun-Gyo In,Byum-Soo Lee,Woo-Seang Kwon,Dong-Uk Yang,Ju-Han Kim,Deok-Chun Yang 고려인삼학회 2011 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.35 No.1

Panax ginseng root has been used as a major source of ginsenoside throughout the history of oriental medicine. In recent years, scientists have found that all of its biomass, including embryogenic calli and fl ower buds can contain similar active ingredients with pharmacological functions. In this study, transcriptome analyses were used to identify different gene expressions from embryogenic calli and fl ower buds. In total, 6,226 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained from cDNA libraries of P. ginseng. Insilico analysis was conducted to annotate the putative sequences using gene ontology functional analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthology biochemical analysis, and interproscan protein functional domain analysis. From the obtained results, genes responsible for growth, pathogenicity, pigments, ginsenoside pathway, and development were discussed. Almost 83.3% of the EST sequence was annotated using one-dimensional insilico analysis.