양산형 BIPV 복합 유닛 패널 및 모니터링 서비스 디자인개발

김세희,김동욱 한국디자인리서치학회 2022 한국디자인리서치 Vol.7 No.3

This study develops a 'mass-production BIPV composite unit panel and IoT-based monitoring service that can be mass-produced in the form of factory standard products to improve the economic feasibility of the overall installation work when installing BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) solar modules Research and development was carried out to monitor and manage possible errors or events at all times. In order to carry out this research purpose, a hypothesis was established as a research question and verified. In the area of ​​product design development, not only the development of the shape design of the product appearance, but also the design and functional parts to improve the usability of the user should be considered in a complex manner. It belongs to items that are difficult to pursue diversity. Although it is attracting attention as photovoltaic power generation and eco-friendly products, there are difficulties in market formation and preoccupation due to low product transport, constructability, aesthetic dissatisfaction, and usability satisfaction. Therefore, we proceeded to develop an external design that can be faithful to the role of the building exterior material, improve product functionality, and improve the ease of installation and management. In addition, design revisions and supplements were reviewed through the developed design satisfaction survey, the results were reflected, and the usability evaluation of the product linkage system was conducted to review the customer's service design satisfaction and requirements together. The research method was developed so that BIPV can be freely applied without compromising the aesthetics of the building, designing the structure of the ventilation path to solve the heat problem inside the BIPV composite unit panel, designing fasteners for easy installation in various installation spaces (roof or wall) In addition, in conjunction with the user experience-based monitoring system, the maintenance convenience is increased by allowing the administrator to accurately determine the presence or absence of a failure and the location of the failure of the BIPV composite unit panel. Through this research and development, we have completed the development of an ioT sensor module capable of detecting individual unit failures, and the demonstration construction and service verification of a user-oriented photovoltaic monitoring system for a user-centered building with IoT data collection notes and communication gateways applied. Through the demonstration of the R&D results, the significance of the established hypothesis was verified by deriving the user's product usage pattern, product problem derivation, and user's requirements in detail and solving the problem. 본 연구는 공장 규격 제품 형태로 대량 생산이 가능한 ‘양산형 BIPV 복합 유닛 패널 및 IoT 기반의 모니터링 서비스를 개발하여 BIPV(Building Integrated Photovoltaic) 태양광 모듈 설치 시 전반적인 설치작업의 경제성 향상과 제품의 구동중 발생할 수 있는 오류나 이벤트 상황을 상시 모니터링하고 관리할 수 있도록 연구개발을 수행하였다. 이와 같은 연구목적을 수행하기 위하여 연구 문제로서 가설을 설정하고 이를 검증하였다. 제품디자인 개발의 영역은 제품 외형의 형태적인 디자인 개발뿐만 아니라 사용자의 사용성 향상을 위한 설계와 기능적인 부분이 복합적으로 고민되어야 하며 특히, 건물 외장재의 역할을 하는 BIPV는 디자인적 변화와 형태, 컬러의 다양성 추구가 어려운 품목에 속한다. 태양광발전 및 친환경 제품으로 관심을 끌고 있지만, 제품의 운반과 시공성 및 심미적 불만족 사항, 그리고 사용성 만족도가 낮아 시장 형성 및 선점의 어려움이 존재하고 있다. 따라서, 건축 외장재의 역할에 충실할 수 있는 외형 디자인 도출과 제품 기능적 향상, 설치 및 관리의 용이성을 향상시킬 수 있는 제품디자인개발을 진행하였다. 또한 개발된 디자인 만족도 조사를 통해 디자인 수정과 보완 사항을 검토하고 그 결과치를 반영하였으며 제품 연동 시스템의 사용성 평가를 실시하여 소비자의 서비스 디자인 만족도 및 요구사항을 함께 검토하였다. 연구 방법은 BIPV 복합 유닛 패널 내부 발열 문제 해결을 위한 통기로 구조 설계, 다양한 설치 공간(지붕 또는 벽)에 설치 용이한 체결 부자재 설계, 건축물의 심미성을 훼손하지 않고 BIPV를 자유롭게 적용 가능 하도록 제품 개발하였다. 또한 사용자 경험 기반의 모니터링 시스템과 연동하여 관리자가 BIPV 복합 유닛 패널의 고장 유무 및 고장 위치를 정확하게 파악할 수 있도록 하여 유지관리 편의성을 증가시켰다. 본 연구개발을 통해 개별 유닛 고장 감지가 가능한 ioT 센서 모듈 개발과 IoT 데이터수집 노트 및 통신 게이트웨이가 적용된 사용자 중심 건물용 태양광발전 모니터링 시스템의 실증 시공과 서비스 검증을 완료하였다. 연구개발 결과물의 실증을 통해 사용자의 제품 사용 패턴, 제품의 문제점 도출, 사용자의 요구사항 등을 상세하게 도출하고 문제 해결을 함으로써 설정된 가설이 유의미함을 검증하였다.

공공건물의 신재생에너지시스템 설치의무화에 따른 BIPV 시스템 모듈 현황 분석

엄재용(Eom, Jae-Yong),장향인(Jang, Hyang-In),윤성훈(Yoon, Seong-Hoon) 대한건축학회 2013 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.29 No.4

The purpose of this study is to deduct BIPV system installation current status and characteristics of BIPV module size and output through case analysis of building integrated photovoltaic systems applied in public buildings by new & renewable energy installation obligation system from 2007 to 2012 and present BIPV system supply performance improvement plan. Analysis by year, capacity, subject organization, facility categorization of BIPV system and size, output by unit area of BIPV module was analyzed. The analyzed results are as follows. (1) BIPV system was installed in 71 locations of 2.7MW from 2007 to 2012 and frequency by BIPV system installation capacity range was highest in 10kW∼20kW with 31%. Also, it was most applied in public work facilities with 33.8% and next was education·society educational institutes with 26.8%. (2) BIPV module was most installed in building facades instead of curtain walls in which form was G-to-G double-glaing type and G-to-T type with proportion of 38% each. (3) BIPV module size was all under 2㎡ and most size was 1.0∼1.5㎡. This size is scarce to replace building material with BIPV module. Therefore, research development on large-scale BIPV module is required. (4) BIPV module output by unit area was most frequent in 100∼125W/㎡. Based on these results, it is thought that 9∼10㎡ installation area is required to install 1 kW BIPV system. Also, high-efficiency of BIPV module is required to install BIPV system of more capacity in limited area.

친환경 하수처리시설을 위한 건물일체형 태양광발전시스템 설계

최영관(Choi Young-Kwan),신동선(Shin Dong-Sun),김희곤(Kim Hee-Gon),유현재(Yoo Hyun-Jae),신명철(Shin Myong-Chul) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2010 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.4 No.4

Building integrated photovoltaic system is more beneficial in light of profitability because the facility harmonizes with building so that there is no need to have extra ground unlike existing independent building type photovoltaic system. However, photovoltaic module for use of BIPV to use as coating over building has less installation limitation to harmonize aesthetically with building but shortcomings that don't generate enough electricity comparing to capacity of facility due to high cost and low efficiency. Also, single, multiple crystalline module in poly silicon has relatively high efficiency itself but there is limitation to apply BIPV caused by influence of incidence angle and shades in using for building coating. This paper suggested optimal structure for use of BIPV harmonizing aesthetically with building as well as which can generate enough electricity comparing to capacity of facility using single photovoltaic module on roof of building. Not only that, we also figured out the feasibility by analyzing generating amount and generation profitability, designing photovoltaic system loading this structure into existing structure.

친환경 하수처리시설을 위한 건물일체형 태양광발전시스템 설계

최영관(Choi Young-Kwan),신동선(Shin Dong-Sun),김희곤(Kim Hee-Gon),유현재(Yoo Hyun-Jae),신명철(Shin Myong-Chul) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2010 한국건축친환경설비학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

Building integrated photovoltaic system is more beneficial in light of profitability because the facility harmonizes with building so that there is no need to have extra ground unlike existing independent building type photovoltaic system. However, photovoltaic module for use of BIPV to use as coating over building has less installation limitation to harmonize aesthetically with building but shortcomings that don’t generate enough electricity comparing to capacity of facility due to high cost and low efficiency. Also, single, multiple crystalline module in poly silicon has relatively high efficiency itself but there is limitation to apply BIPV caused by influence of incidence angle and shades in using for building coating. This paper suggested optimal structure for use of BIPV harmonizing aesthetically with building as well as which can generate enough electricity comparing to capacity of facility using single photovoltaic module on roof of building. Not only that, we also figured out the feasibility by analyzing generating amount and generation profitability, designing photovoltaic system loading this structure into existing structure.

에너지 자립도 향상을 위한 건물일체형 태양광발전시스템의 설계

황수정(Hwang Soo-Jeong),이남형(Lee Nam-Hyung),최영관(Choi Young-Kwan) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2013 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.7 No.3

BIPV(Building Integrated Photovoltaic System) uses PV modules as exterior material to buildings, attaching the module on walls and roofs. This system does not require additional land and utilizes the existing space which is appropriate to Korea, a country with very limited landmass. This thesis addresses the design and construction processes of BIPV and fixed PV system. Angle and separation distance of array was calculated based on simulation and data, while serial?parallel circuit for PV system was designed through use of theoretical calculation formula. The objective of the thesis is to reduce trial and error that could occur during design and construction of similar structure and also promote use of PV systems in buildings. In this study, explain the technical issue of PVIB(Phtovoltaic in Building) with crystalline silicon modules and BIPV using flexible thin-film to improve energy independence of vertical drinking water treatment plant.

수직면 일사량을 고려한 초고층 건축물 적용 Unit형 BIPV 설계 방안에 관한 연구

류춘덕(Liu, Chun-De),서영석(Seo, Young-Seok),오민석(Oh, Min-Seok),김회서(Kim, Hway-Suh) 한국태양에너지학회 2011 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11

BIPV시스템 분야는 다른 PV 적용 기술 분야에 비해 빠르게 성장하고 있으나 소형 건축물 위주로 적용되었으며, 초고층 건축물과 같이 수직적으로 높은 건축물의 외부환경조건에 대응하기 위한 BIPV의 적용 방안은 현재까지 연구되어지지 않았다.국내의 경우 선진국에 비해 초고층 건축물에 대한 BIPV시스템 적용기술은 아직 초기 연구단계에 불과하다. 초고층 건축물의 고유의 특징을 고려하여 초고층 건축물 파사드에 입사하는 일사량의 분포가 균일하지 않을 것이라고 예측하고 실측을 진행하였으며,실측 결과의 분석을 통하여 초고층 건축물에서의 BIPV시스템 최적 설계방안을 제시하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 초고층 건축물의 외벽에 입사하는 일사량을 고려한 Unit형 BIPV설계 방안을 제시하였으며,특히,측정된 일사량 데이터를 활용하여 초고층 건축물에 적합한 인버터의 선정의 대안을 제시하였다.

5kW급 투광형 박막 BIPV시스템의 실증연구

안영섭,김성태,이성진,송종화,황상근,윤종호 한국태양에너지학회 2010 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.30 No.4

This study has been carried out empirical research on Transparent Thin-film BIPV modules, BIPV modules installed on the exterior of the building are applied a laminated module 1kWp, double-glazing module 3kWp and triple-glazing module 1kWp. Applied to the total capacity of BIPV modules are 5kWp. In this study, design and construction process of BIPV systems is presented. In addition, through monitoring of the BIPV system, the temperature and the power characteristics of each module were analyzed. During the measurement period, the module temperature measurement results, the maximum surface temperature of 51.5℃ triple-glazing BIPV module showed the highest, followed by double-glazing BIPV module 49.1℃, 44.7℃ laminated modules, respectively. Power output results, the daily average double-layer modules showed 4.10kWh/day, triple-glazing module 1.57kWh, respectively 1.81kWh laminated modules. In particular, the power efficiency of triple-glazing BIPV module was lower than the power efficiency of the laminated BIPV module. This phenomenon is considered to be affected by the module temperature. In the future, BIPV modules in this study the relationship between module temperature and power characteristics plans to identify.

고층형 사무소건물의 에너지저감을 위한 효과적인 BIPV 적용방안

윤종호(Yoon Jong-Ho),신우철(Shin U-Cheol),오명환(Oh Myung-Hwan),박재완(Park Jae-Wan) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.8

The major objective was for effective ways to apply solar power systems at high-rised buildings. First, Analysis the building energy consumption to apply rooftop BAPV at high-rised office building. As a result, reduction rate of building energy was gradually redused by high-rise will be upset. To improve these disadvantages, apply 5 kinds of BIPV alternatives instead of window or finish materials at high-rised office building. A primarily, applied BIPV system can reduce the heating and cooling loads. secondly, It can reduce building energy consumption to generate the electricity. In addition, reduction rate of building energy was constant by high-rise will be upset. A mixture of two kinds of systems(BIPV and BAPV) installed share with each other to produce power results, BIPV system was effective in certain stories. Therefore, If low-rised scale of office building installed the solar power system you sould apply the BAPV system, it can be relatively effective, but high-rise office buildings in order to reduce the energy applied BIPV system is surely needed.

발코니 일체형 태양광발전시스템의 발전성능 분석

김현일(Kim Hyun-Il),강기환(Kang Gi-Hwan),박경은(Park Kyung-Eun),소정훈(So Jung-Hun),유권종(Yu Gwon-Jong),서승직(Suh Seung-Jik) 한국태양에너지학회 2009 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.29 No.1

Photovoltaic(PV) permits the on-site production of electricity without concern for fuel supply or environmental adverse effects. The electrical power is produced without noise and little depletion of resources. So BIPV(Building-Integrated Photovoltaic) system have been increased around the world. Hereby the relative installation costs of the system will be relatively low compared to traditional installations of PV in high-rise buildings. This paper examined possibility of building integrated balcony PV system and analyzed both performance and problems of this system. The system is influenced by conditions such as irradiation, module temperature, shade and architectural component etc. IF this BIPV system of 1.1kW is possible the natural ventilation in the summer case, the temperature of PV module decrease and the the efficiency of PV system increase generally. By the results, the annual averaged PR of BIPV system of cold facade type is about 74.7%.

5㎾급 투광형 박막 BIPV시스템의 실증연구

안영섭(An Young-Sub),김성태(Kim Sung-Tae),이성진(Lee Sung-Jin),송종화(Song Jong-Hwa),황상근(Hwang Sang-Kun),윤종호(Yoon Jong-Ho) 한국태양에너지학회 2010 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.30 No.4

This study has been carried out empirical research on Transparent Thin-film BIPV modules, BIPV modules installed on the exterior of the building are applied a laminated module 1㎾p, double-glazing module 3㎾p and triple-glazing module 1㎾p. Applied to the total capacity of BIPV modules are 5㎾p. In this study, design and construction process of BIPV systems is presented. In addition, through monitoring of the BIPV system, the temperature and the power characteristics of each module were analyzed. During the measurement period, the module temperature measurement results, the maximum surface temperature of 51.5℃ triple-glazing BIPV module showed the highest, followed by double-glazing BIPV module 49.1℃, 44.7℃ laminated modules, respectively. Power output results, the daily average double-layer modules showed 4.10㎾h/day, triple-glazing module 1.57㎾h, respectively 1.81㎾h laminated modules. In particular, the power efficiency of triple-glazing BIPV module was lower than the power efficiency of the laminated BIPV module. This phenomenon is considered to be affected by the module temperature. In the future, BIPV modules in this study the relationship between module temperature and power characteristics plans to identify.