Biological and Therapeutic Effects of Troxerutin: Molecular Signaling Pathways Come into View

Ahmadi, Zahra,Mohammadinejad, Reza,Roomiani, Sahar,Afshar, Elham Ghasemipour,Ashrafizadeh, Milad KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2021 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.24 No.1

Flavonoids consist a wide range of naturally occurring compounds which are exclusively found in different fruits and vegetables. These medicinal herbs have a number of favourable biological and therapeutic activities such as antioxidant, neuroprotective, renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a naturally occurring flavonoid which is isolated from tea, coffee and cereal grains as well as vegetables. It has a variety of valuable pharmacological and therapeutic activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. These pharmacological impacts have been demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies. Also, clinical trials have revealed the efficacy of troxerutin for management of phlebocholosis and hemorrhoidal diseases. In the present review, we focus on the therapeutic effects and biological activities of troxerutin as well as its molecular signaling pathways.

Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties of PAN Nanofiber/Carbon Nanotube Composite Mats Produced via Needleless Electrospinning System

Zahra Ahmadi,Seyed Abdolkarim Hosseini Ravandi,Fatemeh Haghighat,Farzad Dabirian 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.6

The current research presents the optimization of the parameters involved in the production of polyacrylonitrile(PAN) nanofibers via the needleless electrospinning system. The experiments were designed using the Taguchi method toinvestigate the morphological, physical, and mechanical properties of the nanofibers. The single-wall carbon nanotubes(CNT) were used in order to improve the mechanical properties of the electrospun nanofibers. The diameter of the PANnanofibers in the needleless system was less than 300 nm, which was smaller than that in the conventional system. The resultsshowed that the concentration had the greatest impact on the fiber diameter than other parameters in both PAN and PAN/CNTnanofibers. The specific stress of the nanofibers produced by the needleless electrospinning system was lower than thatcreated by the conventional electrospinning system. Addition of The CNT caused to improve the specific stress of the PAN/CNT nanofibers compared with the PAN nanofibers. However, excessive amounts of CNT had a negative effect on theelongation and modulus because of the aggregation of CNT inside the nanofibers. The X-ray diffraction analysis was used tostudy the crystalline behavior of the PAN nanofibers produced via the needleless electrospinning system. The results showedthat the PAN nanofibers had amorphous structure compared with the conventional PAN nanofibers.

The geochemistry, age and temperature of the Shahjahan Batholith in the NW Iran and its tectonic meaning

Zahra Ahmadi,Chang Whan Oh,Ahmad Jahangiri,Mohssen Moazzen 대한지질학회 2019 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.10

Lipid-Lowering Effects of Concurrent Training and Green Tea Consumption in Overweight Women

Zahra Hosseini,Hadi Ghaedi,Mozhgan Ahmadi,Seyed Ali Hosseini 대한비만학회 2020 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.29 No.4

Background: Exercise conducted simultaneously with the consumption of herbal supplements is one of the suggested methods for controlling obesity and its complications. The present study sought to investigate the lipid-lowering effects of concurrent training and green tea (GT) consumption in overweight women. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 40 overweight women were selected and stratified into four groups: control (C), GT, concurrent training+placebo (TP), and concurrent training+GT (three tablets containing 500 mg of GT per week; T+GT) groups. Both the TP and T+GT groups performed exercise three sessions per week for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected before and 48 hours after the last training session. Results: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the T+GT (P=0.03) and TP (P=0.001) groups were significantly decreased relative to in the GT group and were significantly decreased in the T+GT group relative to in the TP group (P=0.001). Meanwhile, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the T+GT group were significantly increased as compared with in the GT (P=0.01), TP (P=0.03), and C (P=0.04) groups. Finally, total cholesterol levels in the T+GT group were decreased significantly as compared with in the TP, GT, and C groups (P=0.001) and triglyceride levels in the T+GT, TP, and GT groups were significantly increased as compared with in the C group (P=0.001). Conclusion: Exercise performed simultaneously with GT consumption in comparison with either alone has a greater effect on improving the lipid profile in overweight women.

Social determinants of adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines: a comprehensive review

Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari,Yahya Salimi,Sina Ahmadi,Nader Rajabi-Gilan,Marzieh Shirazikhah,Akbar Biglarian,Ali Almasi,Mohammad Ali Mohammadi Gharehghani 질병관리본부 2021 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.12 No.6

Adherence to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive guidelines (ACPG) is an important strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic effectively. The present study aimed to identify and summarize the social determinants of ACPG among the general population. A comprehensive review was performed from December 2019 to February 2021 through searching electronic databases. Two independent reviewers assessed and selected relevant studies. Next, the characteristics and main findings of the included studies were summarized. Finally, the World Health Organization’s conceptual framework of social determinants of health was used to synthesize the identified social determinants of ACPG. Forty-one of 453 retrieved articles met the inclusion criteria. The study results showed different patterns of ACPG among various communities. Furthermore, 84 social determinants were identified and categorized into structural and intermediary determinants. ACPG is a set of complex behaviors associated with different individual sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics; living and working conditions; COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and risk perceptions; exposure to sources and information level; leisure activities; social support; trust; social norms; psychosocial well-being; socio-economic position; and the socio-economic and political context. Interventions to promote ACPG among the general population should consider the identified social determinants of ACPG.

Exploring amygdala structural changes and signaling pathways in postmortem brains: consequences of long-term methamphetamine addiction

Zahra Azimzadeh,Samareh Omidvari,Somayeh Niknazar,Saeed Vafaei-Nezhad,Navid Ahmady Roozbahany,Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar,Foozhan Tahmasebinia,Gholam-Reza Mahmoudiasl,Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh,Shahram Da 대한해부학회 2024 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.57 No.1

Methamphetamine (METH) can potentially disrupt neurotransmitters activities in the central nervous system (CNS) and cause neurotoxicity through various pathways. These pathways include increased production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, hypothermia, and induction of mitochondrial apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the long-term effects of METH addiction on the structural changes in the amygdala of postmortem human brains and the involvement of the brain- cAMP response element-binding protein/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (CREB/BDNF) and Akt-1/GSK3 signaling pathways. We examined ten male postmortem brains, comparing control subjects with chronic METH users, using immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction (to measure levels of CREB, BDNF, Akt-1, GSK3, and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]), Tunnel assay, stereology, and assays for reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). The findings revealed that METH significantly reduced the expression of BDNF, CREB, Akt-1, and GPX while increasing the levels of GSSG, ROS, RIPK3, GSK3, and TNF-α. Furthermore, METH-induced inflammation and neurodegeneration in the amygdala, with ROS production mediated by the CREB/BDNF and Akt-1/GSK3 signaling pathways.

Geochemistry and formation of tourmaline nodules in Mashhad leucogranite, Iran

Zahra Tahmasbi,Farhad Zal,Ahmad Ahmadi Khalaji 한국지질과학협의회 2017 Geosciences Journal Vol.21 No.3

Nodular tourmalines composed of dark cores and white haloes occur in the Mashhad leucogranite. The cores are made up of tourmaline and quartz, and the haloes of quartz, muscovite, microcline and orthoclase. The host granite consists of quartz, plagioclase, microcline, muscovite and biotite. Geochemical analyses show that the studied tourmalines are schorl. They are characterized by oscillatory zoning, increasing concentrations of Ca and Mg from core to rim, moderate Fe/Fe + Mg ratios (56–63), and REE distribution patterns similar to those of the host granite. The tourmalines exhibit high Ti content due to breakdown of biotite. Petrographic and geochemical results show that the formation of tourmaline can be attributed to two stages. In the first stage, bubbles containing vapor-rich liquid, Fe, and B were generated by magma differentiation. During rise and cooling of the magma, core tourmaline was produced with Fe rich schorl composition. In the second stage, the tourmaline composition changed to that of Mg rich schorl because of the decomposition of biotite (biotite is considered as a source of Mg), and the mixing with vapor-rich liquid in bubbles.

Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Male Smokers and Nonsmokers

Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel,Parisa Falsafi,Zahra Hayati,Farzad Rezaei,Jalal Poorolajal 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2013 전남의대학술지 Vol.49 No.2

Tobacco smoking is one of the most important risk factors for the development of oral mucosal lesions such as leukoplakia and hairy tongue. Controversy exists in the literature,however, about the prevalence of oral lesions in smokers. The aim of this study was to evaluate oral lesions in male smokers compared with nonsmokers in Hamadan. A total of 516 male participants were assessed, 258 of whom were smokers and 258 of whom were healthy nonsmokers. The prevalence of lesions was evaluated by clinical observation and biopsy. We found that the most prevalent lesions among smokers were gingival problems and coated tongue; smokers had significantly more lesions than did nonsmokers. Malignant and premalignant lesions were found in a higher age range. Among all participants in our study, we found a large number of oral mucosal lesions in smokers that had a strong correlation with smoking. Dental services need to implement care and health education for smokers to promote health.

A proposed framework for holding intensive 3Rs workshops in laboratory animal science

Siavash Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh,Jila Sadighi,Zahra Hatami,Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki 한국실험동물학회 2022 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.38 No.1

Principles of 3Rs are the backbone of today’s animal research. Applying 3Rs in practice requires proper education and training. Although this could be achieved via long-term courses ranging from several weeks to years, in some circumstances a short-term course may be the only viable option. In this paper we define scientific and ethical objectives for running short-term 3Rs workshops. To meet these objectives, we propose a 2-day workshop curriculum and an ethical framework. The curriculum comprises theoretical and practical sessions and covers Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement strategies. The ethical framework defines the responsibilities of lecturers and attendees, and proposes the animals and facilities requirements to run the proposed workshop curriculum. The attendees will be assessed at the end of the workshop and they receive certificates for working under supervision until they are deemed competent at their intended functions. The proposed curriculum and framework are not subscriptive, instead they share the experience gained through running more than 60 laboratory animal 3Rs workshops.

Reduction of carbon dioxide by bio-façades for sustainable development of the environment

Hamidreza Rezazadeh,Zahra Salahshoor,Ferial Ahmadi,Farshad Nasrollahi 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.2

Nowadays, air pollution and consequently global warming are the major problems that the earth is faced with. These issues can influence climate change and human health. Building façades can play a significant role in the air quality of the urban environment. Therefore, this study draws upon the ability of nature in controlling carbon dioxide to compare three types of bio-façades (i.e. Water façade, Green façade, and Microalgae façade) and to identify an appropriate one. For this purpose, we analyzed documents and scientific literature qualitatively. Then, we identified the aforementioned types of biological façades and selected the most optimal one through the comparison. Additionally, for this comparison, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was employed that resulted in achieving the higher scores by the microalgae façade among other bio-façades mentioned above. The major criteria considered for the AHP analysis included climatic, economic, architectural, environmental, and structural aspects of using the noted bio-façades in buildings. It should be emphasized that the environmental aspect was obtained as the most influential criterion among others. Finally, some technical tips and design requirements for bioreactors are depicted and discussed along with their upcoming challenges and future research direction.