결과적 단계와 상황에 대한 사유 방식

홍윤기 ( Yun Ki Hong ) 국제어문학회 2004 국제어문 Vol.30 No.-

연결어미를 이용한 복합문 구성 능력 연구 -외국인 학부 유학생의 글쓰기에 나타난 오류를 중심으로-

홍윤기 ( Yun Ki Hong ),김소영 ( So Young Kim ) 연세대학교 언어연구교육원 한국어학당 2015 외국어로서의 한국어교육 Vol.43 No.-

This study extracts the complex sentences including the connective endings showing contrast in essays written by foreign undergraduate students, and analyses the errors of them. In addition, it find out the types of errors influencing sentences` grammaticality through the survey targeting Korean language teachers and Korean native speakers. This study presents the types of errors in essays written by foreign undergraduate students, and then conducts the survey the grammaticality of main types of errors targeting Korean language teachers and Korean native speakers. Two kinds of group differently judge the grammaticality of errors. Korean language teachers` judgment on the grammaticality of error is more important than Korean native speakers` judgment. Therefore, this study discusses the directions for making Korean complex sentences based on the Korean language teachers` judgment on the grammaticality of errors. The serious errors in essays written by foreign undergraduate students are tenses of verbs. Second, the co-occurrence of predicates and components of sentence is inappropriate. Third, the particles showing the syntactic roles of components in antecedent clause and following clause are wrong in sentences. Korean language learners should understand the relationships of events between antecedent clauses and following clauses in order to make the complex sentences using connective endings. And they need foreign undergraduate students` grammar use ability such as understanding co-occurrence of predicates and components of sentence, tense underlying notion of time, and the syntactic roles of components of sentence through particles.

이동구문의 <를>표지 해석

홍윤기 ( Hong Yun-ki ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2008 국제어문 Vol.44 No.-

이동동사는 논항 가운데 하나가 필수적인 목표점에 도달함으로써 위치 변화를 겪는다. 이동구문에서 이동의 주체(대상)가 이르는 도달점은 경로와 연계하여 한계성을 제공하는 상적 기능을 한다. 구문에 나타나는 <를>표지는 이동 사건의 한계성을 드러내는 역할을 한다. `경로+도달점` 성분은 <를>표지가 결합할 수 있지만, `경로`와 `도달점`이 공기할 경우에는 `도달점`만이<를>표지로 대체될 수 있다. 이는 이동구문에서 경로가 암시적이든 명시적이든 도달점은 명시적인 <를>표지에 의해 드러남을 의미한다. 이동구문의 `경로`와 `도달점` 논항에 결합한 <를>표지는 사건의 한계성을 결정하고 <를>표지 논항은 상 역할과 연결된다. This study assigns a new aspectual function to the marker < lul > with aspectual roles. Firstly, We define a locomotion verb. "Some verbs with various meanings, in which one argument reaches its goal through moving over time and undergoes a change of location", is referred to as a locomotion verb. On the basis of this definition, we examine the function of subject in intransitive locomotion verb construction and that of object in transitive locomotion verbs construction. As result of this, a moving thing (regardless of subject, object) play no specific role in respect to aspectual function. However, the goal at which a moving thing reaches provides boundedness to the situation, and merely connects the goal with the path, and hence, has a boundedness function. We also examine the argument regarding the marker < lul >. In respect of aspectual properties, the marker < lul > provides boundedness of situation to locomotion verb construction. The marker < lul > is similar to the marker `lul` in other constructions which have situations of boundedness.

2심 냉간성형 각형 CFT기둥-보 접합부의 구조거동

홍윤기(Hong, Yun-Ki),오헌근(Oh, Heon-Keun),김용환(Kim, Yong-Hwan),최성모(Choi, Sung-Mo) 대한건축학회 2012 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.32 No.2

상적(相的) 의미(意味)의 두 요소(要素)

홍윤기 ( Hong Yun-ki ) 한국어문교육연구회 2002 어문연구(語文硏究) Vol.30 No.1

상황의 추상적인 시간 도식을 바탕으로 상적 특성 [限定性], [過程性], [同質性], [結果性]을 설정할 수 있다. [+限定性]은 상황이 도달점을 가지는 것을, [-限定性]은 도달점이 없는 경우와 자의적으로 선택되는 종결점을 가진 것을 나타낸다. [+過程性]은 상황의 내부단계가 일정한 정도의 시간폭을 가지는 것을, [-過程性]은 그 시간폭이 거의 인식할 수 없는 짧은 순간임을 나타낸다. [+同質性]은 상황의 내부단계의 과정상에서 변화가 없는 것을, [-同質性]은 과 정에서 시간의 흐름에 따라 변화가 일어나는 것을 나타낸다. [+結果性]은 끝점 이후의 단계에서 결과상태가 계속 이어지는 것을, [-結果性]은 끝점 이후의 단계가 이어지지 않는 경우를 나타낸다. 觀點相은 화자가 狀況類型의 시간 도식에서 특정 부분을 구체적으로 드러내는 것인데, 相 補助用言이 그 기능을 담당한다. 즉, 相 補助用言은 대부분 未完了의 觀點相을 드러내는 기능을 한다. In the aspect system of Korean language’ there are two components of aspectual meaning: aspectual character of a situation type, and an aspectual viewpoint of an auxiliary verb. The aspectual meaning of a sentence in Korean language is determined by the combination of aspectual character and aspectual viewpoint. In this paper, we posited the abstract temporal schema for a situation and based it on an established list of aspectual characters. As a result of that, we have some aspectual character of a situation, that are [delimitedness], [process], [homogeneity], [resultative]. [+delimitedness] represents that a situation type has a natural endpoint of an event, but [―delimitedness] represents that a situation type has no natural endpoint of an event, or that a situation type has an arbitrary endpoint (terminus) which is chosen by the speaker. [+process] represents a situation type that has some range of time period, but, [-process] represents a situation type that has a simultaneous time period which is scarcely not conceived. [+homogeneity] represents a situation type that has a process which is not changed from one point to another (front point or later point) in the development stage of an event, [-homogeneity] represents that a situation type has a process which is changed or developed from one point to another in the development stage of an event. [+resultative] represents a situation type that has a resultant state, while [-resultative] represents a situation type that has no resultant state, [resultative] is premised on [delimitedness]. An aspectual viewpoint has one function which expresses a certain stage of an abstract temporal schema for a situation. The auxiliary verb in Korean language functions in this manner. On the basis of the totality viewpoint, auxiliary verbs in Korean language have almost imperfective viewpoints. The imperfective auxiliary verb '-(□) issda’,(-(ko) issda’,(-(□) kada’,‘-(□) parida’,‘-(ko) malda’,‘-(□) tuda/nohda’,(-(□) ssahda/daeda’ express some part or phase of an internal stage in a situation.

종결어미-용언 긴밀구성의 정도성 연구

홍윤기 ( Yun Ki Hong ),서희정 ( Hui Jeong Seo ) 한국어교육학회 2009 국어교육 Vol.0 No.128

일반 논문 : 한국어교육에서 고유어의 위상과 등급화 -고유어 용언을 중심으로-

홍윤기 ( Yun Ki Hong ),서희정 ( Hui Jeong Seo ) 한국어교육학회(구-한국국어교육연구학회) 2010 국어교육 Vol.0 No.132

This study aims to characterize the worth of Pure-Korean words in Korean language education and set up the list of Pure-Korean words. The researches on Sino-Korean words have been brisk in various aspects so far based on the belief that Sino-Korean words have strong points in the word-formation, the numbers of syllables and the sense distinction of homographs. Also, the fact that the ratio of Sino-Korean words among Korean words is over 60% brings a great interest to researchers. The tendency to lean toward the studies on Sino-Korean words in Korean language education has made Pure-Korean words be relatively treated too lightly. However, Pure-Korean words play important roles in Korean language education. Firstly, Pure-Koran words would meet the expectations for vocabulary education classified by language circles of Korean language learners. Secondly, they have the productivity of making sentences and words as much as Sino-Korean words. The grade of Pure-Korean words in Korean language textbooks and the frequency in use of words by Korean native speakers should be considered, while words are graded beginning level, intermediate level and advanced level. Words required at each level in aspect of grammar education as well as vocabulary education could not be matched with words graded on the frequency in use. Therefore, the 12 kinds of criteria for words grading have been set up based on the general syllabus of Korean language education and the frequency in use of words. Finally, 1,816 Pure-Korean words are graded 253 beginning words, 409 intermediate words, 614 advanced words and 540 high-advanced words according to the 12 criteria.

한국어교육에서의 문법 연구와 문법 교육

홍윤기 ( Yun Ki Hong ) 경희대학교 인문학연구원 2007 인문학연구 Vol.12 No.-

21 세기와 인문학 - 주제발표 2 : 국어연구의 자료와 해석 - 개화기 국어 사동법 연구 - 독립신문 전산 자료를 중심으로 -

홍윤기(Yun Ki Hong) 경희대학교 인문학연구원 1999 인문학연구 Vol.3 No.-

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연결표현의 공기 양상과 종결표현의 의사소통기능 간의 상관성 연구

홍윤기 ( Hong Yun-ki ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2012 국제어문 Vol.55 No.-

본 연구에서는 세 문장으로 구성된 한국어의 복합문 구성을 대상으로 종결표현과 두 개의 연결표현간의 상관성을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 분석한 문장은 학술논문에서 추출한 5,611개의 복합문이며, 종결표현의 의사소통기능은 총 12개를 뽑았다. 그 중 학술적글쓰기에서 사용되는 3개의 의사소통기능 - `가능성 표현하기, 추측하여 표현하기, 경향(성) 표현하기` -을 띈 종결표현과 연결표현의 공기관계를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 종결표현의 의사소통기능별로 연결표현의 공기관계가 차이를 보였는데, 특히 선행하는 연결표현의 의미에 따라 후행 연결표현의 실현 양상이 달라짐을 확인하였다. 분석 결과 중 하나를 들어 보면, 선행 연결표현이 `가정`의 의미를 나타낼 경우, `가능성 표현하기`의 종결표현은 12개의 의미범주와 공기하는 반면, `경향(성) 표현하기`의 종결표현은 6개의 의미범주와만 공기한다. 또 하나의 분석 결과를 보면, 선행 연결표현이 `조건`의 의미를 나타낼 경우, `추측하여 표현하기`의 종결표현은 12개의 의미범주와 공기하는 반면, `경향성 표현하기`는 5개의 의미범주와만 공기한다. 이와 같은 공기 관계를 보이는 예들을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 분석한 결과는 대학에서 학문목적 글쓰기를 해야 하는 외국인 학습자들에게 유용한 문장 구성 틀을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. In this paper, the correlation between sentence ending and 2 connective endings in 5,611 complex sentences extracted from dissertations was analyzed. 3 communicative functions such as `expressing possibility`, `guessing`, `expressing tendency` among 12 communicative functions were widely used. The correlation between sentence ending expressing above 3 communicative functions and connective endings was analyzed. The co-occurrence of connective endings was different according to the communicative function of sentence ending. If the first connective ending expresses `assumption`, sentence ending showing `expressing possibility` co-occurs 12 semantic categories. On the other hand, sentence ending showing `expressing tendency` co-occurs 6 semantic categories. In addition, if the first connective ending expresses `condition`, sentence ending showing `guessing` co-occurs 12 semantic categories. On the other hand, sentence ending showing `expressing tendency`` co-occurs 5 semantic categories. This paper would provide useful sentence patterns for foreigners preparing academic writing in university.