The complete mitochondrial genome of a threatened loach (Sinibotia reevesae) and its phylogeny

Yuan‑Chao Zou,Bi‑Wen Xie,Chuan‑Jie Qin,Yong‑Ming Wang,Deng‑Yue Yuan,Rui Li,Zheng‑Yong Wen 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.7

In present study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Sinibotia reevesae was first sequenced using the next-generation sequencing technology and annotated using bioinformatic tools. The circular mitochondrial genome was 16,572 bp in length, and contained 13 proteincoding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and 1 displacement loop locus. It presents a typical gene organization and order for completely sequenced cypriniformes mitogenomes. The control region could be divided into three parts included the extended termination associated sequence domain, the central conserved domain and the conserved sequence block. Interestingly, two stemloop domains were found in control region and OL region, respectively. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses using concatenated amino acid and nucleotide sequences of the 13 protein-coding genes with two different methods (Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis) both highly supported the close relationship of S. reevesae and Sinibotia superciliaris, which was in line with the previous classifications based on morphological and molecular studies. These data provide useful information for a better understanding of the mitogenomic diversities and evolution in fish as well as novel genetic markers for studying population genetics and species identification.

한국전쟁기간 중국의 군비지출과 대북지원

Wang Yuan Zhou 건국대학교 통일인문학연구단 2011 통일인문학 Vol.52 No.-

중화인민공화국 건국 1년도 채 되지 않은 1950년 6월 25일 발발한 한국전쟁으로 당시 중국공산당의 재정은 매우 어려운 상황에 직면했다. 이 위기에서 벗어나기 위해 중국은 노력하고 있었다. 미국이 한국전쟁에 개입하여 전세가 역전되었을 때 중국은 파병여부를 토의하는 과정에서 군사문제뿐만 아니라 재정적인 부담 또한 고려해야만 했다. 한국전쟁 이후 중국과 북한간의 구상무역이 어려워지자 북한은 중국에 각종 물자, 현금과 인적 자원의 원조를 요청하였고, 중국 동북지역은 사실상 북한의 후방 지원 기지가 되었다. 북한의 각종 원조에 대해 중국정부는 동북인민정부와 동북군구에 명하여 북한이 만족할 수 있도록 충분한 지원을 하도록 하였다. 심지어 당시 제공된 원조 성격을 가지지 않는 물자와 비용은 전후 모두 원조한 것으로 처리하였다. 정전 협정 이후 중국과 북한은"경제와 문화 협력에 관한 협정"을 체결하여 구 인민폐 8조 원 지원하고, 북한의 철로 등 교통 시설 복구에 참여했을 뿐만 아니라 북한학생의 중국 유학과 기술자를 양성하여 북한의 전후 복구에 있어 중요한 역할을 하였다. The Korean War, broke out in June 25, 1950 which was only one year after People's Republic of China(PRC) was found, aggravate the financial difficulties of Communist Party of China (CPC). CPC recognised that it was not only military affairs but also financial issues when they were discussing whether to fight due to USA was involved in the Korean War and turned the tide. North Korea requested PRC for help in resources, financial and human resource areas. The north eastern part of China became the back base for supporting. CPC required the local people's governments and army headquarters in north eastern China to satisfy all the requirements from North Korea. After the armistice of Korean War was signed, PRC and North Korea signed an Economic and Cultural Cooperation Agreement. The amount of assistance from PRC to North Korea was 8 trillion old yuan. PRC helped North Korea repairing the transportations such as railway and trained their technical staff via studying in China. In conclusion, PRC plays a key role in the reconstruction of North Korea after the Korean War.

Kinesin Family Member 11 Enhances the Self-Renewal Ability of Breast Cancer Cells by Participating in the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Yuan-yuan Pei,Gao-chi Li,Jian Ran,Xin-hong Wan,Feng-xiang Wei,Lan Wang 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of breast cancer Vol.22 No.4

Purpose: Our previous studies have shown that kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) is markedly overexpressed in human breast cancer cells or tissues and positively correlated with distant metastasis and prognosis in patients with breast cancer, suggesting an important role in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Herein, we examined the role of KIF11 in breast cancer stem cells. Methods: In the current study, we validated our previous findings through analysis of data collected in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Endogenous KIF11 was stably silenced in MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells. Flow cytometry was used to measure the proportion of side-population (SP) cells. Mammosphere culture and tumor implantation experiments in immunodeficient mice were used to assess the self-renewal ability of breast cancer cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, luciferase reporter assays and Wnt agonist treatment were conducted to investigate the signaling pathways regulated by KIF11. Results: We found that the expression level of KIF11 was positively correlated with stem cell-enrichment genes. The proportion of SP cells was significantly reduced in KIF11-silenced cells. Silencing endogenous KIF11 not only reduced the size and number of mammospheres in vitro, but also reduced the ability of breast cancer cells to form tumors in mice. Simultaneously, we found that KIF11 was involved in regulating the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion: Endogenous KIF11 enhances the self-renewal of breast cancer cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the characteristics of breast cancer stem cells.

Research on Dialectic Relation between Marine Industrial Structure and Macro Economic Growth

Yuan Wang,Yihua Zhang,Xichun Ge 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.9

With Fujian Province as object of study, panel data from 1981 to 2013 is selected in this paper. Besides, VAR model is established. Co-integration test, Granger causality and impulse response function are used for quantitative analysis on correlation between the three main marine industries and economic growth in Fujian Province. In the paper, the long-term stable relation between the three main marine industries and economic growth is revealed, and the causal relations between the primary marine industry and economic growth, between the secondary marine industry and economic growth and between tertiary marine industry and economic growth are verified. The government should give priority to the secondary marine industry and effective support to the tertiary marine industry when adjusting the industrial structure and optimizing policies.

Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography analysis of temporomandibular joint response to the Twin-block functional appliance

Yuan-yuan Jiang,Lian Sun,Hua Wang,Chun-yang Zhao,Wei-Bing Zhang 대한치과교정학회 2020 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.50 No.2

Objective: To propose a three-dimensional (3D) method for evaluating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) changes during Twin-block treatment. Methods: Seventeen patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion treated using Twinblock and nine untreated patients with a similar malocclusion were included in this research. We collected their cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data from before and 8 months after treatment. Segmentations were constructed using ITK-SNAP. Condylar volume and superficial area were measured using 3D Slicer.The 3D landmarks were identified on CBCT images by using Dolphin software to assess the condylar positional relationship. 3D models of the mandible and glenoid fossa of the patients were constructed and registered via voxel-based superimposition using 3D Slicer. Thereafter, skeletal changes could be visualized using 3DMeshMetric in any direction of the superimposition on a color-coded map. All the superimpositions were measured using the same scale on the distance color-coded map, in which red color represents overgrowth and blue color represents resorption. Results: Significant differences were observed in condylar volume, superficial area, and condylar position in bothgroups after 8 months. Compared with the control group (CG), the Twin-block group exhibited more obvious condyle-fossa modifications and joint positional changes. Moreover, on the color-coded map, more obvious condyle-fossa modifications could be observed in the posterior and superior directions in the Twin-block group than in the CG. Conclusions: We successfully established a 3D method for measuring and evaluating TMJ changes caused by Twin-block treatment. The treatment produced a larger condylar size and caused condylar positional changes. [Korean J Orthod 2020;50(2):86-97]

Improved oral bioavailability of capsaicin via liposomal nanoformulation: preparation, in vitro drug release and pharmacokinetics in rats

Yuan Zhu,Miaomiao Wang,Jiajia Zhang,Wei Peng,Caleb Kesse Firempong,Wenwen Deng,Qilong Wang,Shicheng Wang,Feng Shi,Jiangnan Yu,Ximing Xu,Weiming Zhang 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.4

This study innovatively prepared an effectivecapsaicin-loaded liposome, a nanoformulation with fewerirritants, for oral administration. The in vitro and in vivoproperties of the liposomal encapsulation were investigatedand the potential possibility of oral administration evaluated. The liposomal agent composed of phospholipid, cholesterol,sodium cholate and isopropyl myristate was prepared usingfilm-dispersion method. A level A in vitro–in vivo correlation(IVIVC) was established for the first time, which demonstratedan excellent IVIVC of both formulated and freecapsaicin in oral administration. Physicochemical characterizationsincluding mean particle size, zeta (f) potentialand average encapsulation efficiency of capsaicin-loadedliposome were found to be 52.2 ± 1.3 nm, -41.5 ±2.71 mv and 81.9 ± 2.43 %, respectively. In vivo, liposomalencapsulation allowed a 3.34-fold increase in relativebioavailability compared to free capsaicin. The gastricmucosa irritation studies indicated that the liposomal systemwas a safe carrier for oral administration. These resultssupport the fact that capsaicin, an effective drug for thetreatment of neuropathic pain, could be encapsulated inliposome for improved oral bioavailability. The excellentIVIVC of capsaicin-loaded liposome could also be a promisingtool in liposomal formulation development with anadded advantage of reduced animal testing.

Elucidating the Role of Anthropogenic Aerosols in Arctic Sea Ice Variations

Wang, Yuan,Jiang, Jonathan H.,Su, Hui,Choi, Yong-Sang,Huang, Lei,Guo, Jianping,Yung, Yuk L. American Meteorological Society 2018 Journal of climate Vol.31 No.1

Aquaporin-1 facilitates proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells via GRB7-mediated ERK and Ras activation

Wang Zhenjie,Wang Yujuan,He Yuan,Zhang Ning,Chang Wei,Niu Yahui 한국통합생물학회 2020 Animal cells and systems Vol.24 No.5

Gastric cancer, one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, is devoid of effective treatment owing to its highly invasive ability. Aquaporins (AQPs), transmembrane water channel proteins, has been shown to be involved in the malignancy of gastric cancer. This study aims to investigate the pathophysiological roles of AQP-1 in gastric cancer. We first demonstrated quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and found upregulation of AQP-1 in gastric cancer cell lines. Additionally, silence of AQP-1 inhibited cell proliferation via decrease of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 (MCM2). Moreover, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells were also suppressed by the interference of AQP-1. However, the tumorigenic mechanism of AQP-1 on gastric cancer is yet to be found. We demonstrated western blot analysis and found that knockdown of AQP-1 decreased protein expression of phospho (p)-GRB7 (growth factor receptor-bound protein 7) and led to a remarkable reduction of p-extracellular signalregulated kinase (ERK) via inactivation of RAS. In general, our findings indicated that AQP-1 facilitates proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells via GRB7-mediated ERK and Ras activation, illuminating a novel AQP-1-RAS/ERK molecular axis as regulator in gastric cancer progression and suggesting potential implications in the treatment of gastric cancer.

Synthesis and Characterization of Bis-Thienyl-9,10-anthracenes Containing Electron Withdrawing 2-Cyanoacrylic Acid or 2-Methylenemalononitrile Group

Wang, Yuan,Yu, Qu Feng,Park, Hea-Jung,Ryu, Suk-Hwa,Choi, Jung-Hei,Yoon, Ung-Chan Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.suppl8

A series of new bis-thienylanthracene derivatives D1~D5 containing 9,10-antharcene moiety in the center and 2-methylenemalonotitrile or 2-cyanoacrylic acid functional group on the terminal thiophenes were synthesized and characterized by $^1H$-NMR and high-resolution mass spectroscopy. Their optical, electrochemical, and thermal properties were measured. They have absorption ${\lambda}_{max}$ in the range of 437~480 nm and max of $7.4{\times}10^3{\sim}2.0{\times}10^4M^{-1}cm^{-1}$. The substitution of 2-cyanoacrylic acid group allows greater value of ${\varepsilon}_{max}$ than that of 2-methylenemalonotitrile. TGA curves showed that D4 and D5 which have 2-cyanoacrylic acid functional group on the terminal thiophene(s) exhibit good thermal stability and D4 was thermally stable up to $400^{\circ}C$. Their optical properties and LUMO energy levels measured suggest that they can serve as potential candidates for electron donor materials of organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) or D4 and D5 which contain 2-cyanoacrylic acid group can be used as organic dyes of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

Copper Particle Effect on the Breakdown Strength of Insulating Oil at Combined AC and DC Voltage

Wang, You-Yuan,Li, Yuan-Long,Wei, Chao,Zhang, Jing,Li, Xi The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2

Converter transformer is the key equipment of high voltage direct current transmission system. The solid suspending particles originating from the process of installation and operation of converter transformer have significant influence on the insulation performance of transformer oil, especially in presence of DC component in applied voltage. Under high electric field, the particles easily lead to partial discharge and breakdown of insulating oil. This paper investigated copper particle effect on the breakdown voltage of transformer oil at combined AC and DC voltage. A simulation model with single copper particle was established to interpret the particle effect on the breakdown strength of insulating oil. The experimental and simulation results showed that the particles distort the electric field. The breakdown voltage of insulating oil contaminated with copper particle decreases with the increase of particle number, and the breakdown voltage and the logarithm of particle number approximately satisfy the linear relationship. With the increase of the DC component in applied voltage, the breakdown voltage of contaminated insulating oil decreases. The simulation results show that the particle collides with the electrode more frequently with more DC component contained in the applied voltage, which will trigger more discharge and decrease the breakdown voltage of insulating oil.