In Vitro Screening for Compounds Derived from Traditional Chinese Medicines with Antiviral Activities Against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

( Jia Cheng ),( Na Sun ),( Xin Zhao ),( Li Niu ),( Mei Qin Song ),( Yao Gui Sun ),( Jun Bing Jiang ),( Jian Hua Guo2 ),( Yuan Sheng Bai ),( Jun Ping He ),( Hong Quan Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.8

Seventeen compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) were tested for their antiviral activity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in vitro. Visualization with the cytopathologic effect (CPE) assay and the 3-(4, 5-dimethyithiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test were used to determine the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) and 50% effective concentration (EC50) in cultured Marc-145 cells. Among the tested compounds, chlorogenic acid and scutellarin showed potential anti-PRRSV activity. The EC50 values were 270.8 ± 14.6 μg/ml and 28.21 ± 26.0 μg/ml and the selectivity indexes were >5.54 and 35.5, respectively. The time-of-addition and virucidal assay indicated that the anti-PRRSV activity of the two compounds could be due to their inhibiting the early stage of virus replication and/or inactivating the virus directly. The inhibition of the virus attachment was not observed in the adsorption inhibition assay. The inhibition ratios of chlorogenic acid and scutellarin were, respectively, 90.8% and 61.1% at the maximum non-cytotoxic concentrations. The results have provided a basis for further exploration of their antiviral properties and mechanisms in vivo. We believe that the chlorogenic acid and scutellarin have a great potential to be developed as new anti-PRRSV drugs for clinical application.

『Analysis of the Application of “Inspiration-Exploration” Method in Violin Teaching』

( Guo Yuan Yuan ) 인문사회과학예술융합학회 2018 인문사회과학예술융합학회지 Vol.2 No.2

Since the introduction of the violin from the West into China, it has been widely spread and developed by society. The violin is exquisitely shaped, the sound is melodious, and it has a strong musical appeal and expressive power, which is called queen of the instrument. At present, in the teaching of violin, people pay more and more attention to the teaching of violin music. In addition to improving their professional ability through basic musical instrument playing skills, they also carry out violin music quality education to enhance students’ musical literacy. However, in the teaching, there are many problems in the traditional violin music teaching, and the teaching effect is not significant. Based on this, it is necessary to strengthen the exploration of the violin teaching reform, and fully apply the "inspired-exploratory" teaching method to improve the quality of the teaching of the violin curriculum.

Germacrone Attenuates Hyperlipidemia and Improves Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice

Guo, Yuan-Ri,Choung, Se-Young Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Publishers 2017 Journal of Medicinal Food Vol. No.

Studies on The Spread and Impact of Chinese Traditional Dramas 〈The Romance of The West Chamber〉 and 〈Three Kingdoms〉 in South Korea

Guo Yuan(궈위엔) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2019 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.13 No.6

희곡문화는 전통적인 생활 방식을 예술화한 무대연출로 한국과 중국 사이에 좋은 교류 매체의 역할을 하고 있다. 그러나 나라마다 문화 배경이 다르기 때문에 따라서 공연의 형식도 달라진다. 중국과 한국도 마찬가지로 희곡문화 예술의 표현 형식을 서로 다르게 나타내는 것이다. 본 논문은 중국 희곡 〈서향기〉 〈삼국지〉가 한국에서의 전파와 영향을 연구 대상으로 삼으며, 작품 분석과 텍스트 분석의 방법으로 희곡문화 전파의 변화 발전 역사를 검토하고자 할 예정이다. 나아가 중국 희곡문화가 한국 문화에 영향을 끼쳐 중국문화의 국제적으로 알려지는 데에 도움이 된다고 고려하면서 중국 문화 전파와 대중 반응도 살펴볼 것이다. 본 논문의 탐구를 통해 중한희곡문화의 교류와 향후 발전하는 데에 적극적으로 영향을 미치기를 기대한다. Drama, as an artistic stage performance style of traditional life style, has built a bridge of communication between the two nationalities in China and Korea. However, the different performance procedures and cultural backgrounds of different countries make the theatrical arts of China and Korea present different stage manifestations. The dissemination and influence of the Chinese drama 〈The Romance of the West Chamber〉 and 〈Three Kingdoms〉 in Korea are mainly studied in this paper. By using the methods of work analysis and text analysis, this paper further explores the evolution history of drama communication, the influence of Chinese drama on Korea, which embodies the cultural transmission, and explores the influence of communication and the acceptance degree of the audience. It has the significance and value of research, at the same time, it promotes the long-term development of national culture.

A New Approach to Chen Men’s Ridicule of Kongzi

( Guo Yuan ),( Guo Tan ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2016 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.25

在“子路宿于石門”篇中, “晨門”對孔子周流列國之擧的態度究竟如何? 對此問題, 先賢巨匠的釋讀觀點旣精彩紛呈又存有爭論。在分析《論語》原典和諸家注釋的基礎上, 本文認爲“晨門”之“知其不可而爲之”一語應是在譏諷孔子;但是“晨門”的譏諷却恰好反證了孔子高尙的品格和對人類社會發展的眞切關懷;同時, “知其不可而爲之”從另外一種側面揭示了儒家的精神骨幹。 The “Xian wen” 憲問chapter in the Lunyu 論語contains Chen Men’s 晨門remark about Kongzi 孔子(551-479 BCE). Kongzi was well known for his travel to feudal states to preach his political ideals. Of this effort, Chen Men remarked that Kongi was “doing things though he know they are unworkable” (zhi qi bu ke er wei zhi 知其不可而爲之). Chen Men’s remark has typically been understood as a ridicule of Kongzi. While there have been various debates on the nature of the Chen Men’s criticism of Kongzi’s behavior and diverse interpretations are possible it seems clear that Chen Men’s ridicule of Kongzi attests to Kongzi’s lofty moral integrity and idealistic devotion to improving human society. The effort and devotion exemplified by Kongzi are usually understood as the essence of Confucian morale and value. The ridicule implied by "knowing it is impossible" can be said to represent the evaluation of Confucius and all Confucian scholars made by the people at that time. Such comments made by them can be regarded as purely a criticism of Confucius, who did not know much about the lives of ordinary people in the real political world at that time, and only pursued ideals that departed from reality. Confucius' perseverance was not accepted by those in power at the time. It is not an appropriate dimension to interpret Confucianism from the perspective of popularization, idealization, and deification. [Article in Chinese]

Exploration and Analysis of "Integration of Chinese and Western Cultures" of Chinese Realistic Ink Wash Figure Painting

Guo Yuan 국제문화기술진흥원 2023 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.11 No.1

Chinese figure painting is the earliest type of painting to be mature in the history of Chinese painting. After its peak in the Jin and Tang dynasties, Chinese figure painting turned into a low tide in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Under the influence of the May Fourth New Culture Movement's concept of "introducing the Western culture into China", realistic ink wash figure painting emerged, which was different from traditional painting. Realistic ink wash figure painting is a new kind of painting that combines traditional Chinese painting methods with concepts of Western scientific painting. With the mutual reconciliation of realistic modeling and traditional Chinese painting, it makes up for the shortcomings of traditional Chinese figure painting in reproducing life, thus forming the diversified development of Chinese figure painting. Through an in-depth interpretation of the fusion of Chinese realistic ink figure painting with Chinese and Western, this paper accurately grasps the characteristics of the painting language, which is an important guide to the creation of Chinese realistic ink painting today.

Germacrone Attenuates Hyperlipidemia and Improves Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice

Yuan-Ri Guo,정세영 한국식품영양과학회 2017 Journal of medicinal food Vol.20 No.1

We previously showed that Aster spathulifolius Maxim extract (ASE) reduced body weight gain and serum and liver lipid levels and significantly suppressed serum insulin and leptin concentrations in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Germacrone (GM) was identified as a potent bioactive constituent of ASE. In this study, we hypothesized that GM can attenuate hyperlipidemia by alleviating fatty acid (FA) synthesis/uptake and improve lipid metabolism by stimulating FA β-oxidation in HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. To induce obesity, mice were fed an HFD for 6 weeks, while control mice were fed a commercial standard diet. The mice were allocated to six groups and fed either a normal diet, HFD, HFD with GM (5, 10, and 20mg/kg), or HFD with 200mg/kg Garcinia cambogia extract for 30 days. In the GM groups, body weight gain, visceral fat pad weight, fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin and leptin, and serum, as well as hepatic lipid, levels were attenuated. Transcriptional factors related to lipid metabolism, such as AMP-activated protein kinase α, sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) 1, SREBP 2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, PPAR-γ, FA synthase, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, showed higher expression in the GM groups. In summary, GM may help attenuate hyperlipidemia by suppressing FA synthesis and uptake by inhibiting SREBP signaling pathway activation and improve lipid metabolism by stimulating FA β-oxidation by activating the AMPKα signaling pathway in HFD-induced obesity.

Liposome-mediated Induction of Apoptosis of Human Hepatoma Cells by C-Myc Antisense Phosphorothioate Oligodeoxynucleotide and 5-Fluorouracil

Yuan, Yuan,Cai, Hui,Yang, Xiao-Jun,Li, Wei,He, Jin,Guo, Tian-Kang,Chen, Yi-Rong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide and 5-fluorouracil on the expression of c-myc, invasion and proliferation of HEPG-2 liver cancer cells. Materials and Methods: HEPG-2 cells were treated with lipiosome-mediated c-myc ADSON and 5-fluorouracil. The proliferation inhibition rate and invasion were measured by MTT and invasion assay, respectively. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and expression of c-myc by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results: The proliferation inhibition rate was significantly higher in the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide added-5-fluorouracil group than single antisense oligodeoxynucleotide or 5-fluorouracil group (p<0.05). G0/G1 cells in the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide group and S cells in the 5-fluorouracil groups were significantly increased than that in the control group, respectively (P<0.01). The amplification strips of PCR products in 5-FU, ASODN and combination groups were significantly weaker than that in the control group (P<0.01). The percentage of c-myc-protein-positive cells were significantly lower in antisense oligodeoxynucleotide, 5-fluorouracil and combination groups than that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusions: A liposome-mediated c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide and 5-fluorouracil can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of liver cancer cells by reducing the expression of c-myc. A c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide can increase the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil and decrease the dosage of the agent necessary for efficacy, providing an experimental basis for the clinical therapy of liver cancer.

Germacrone inhibits adipogenesis and stimulates lipolysis via the AMP-activated protein kinase signalling pathway in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes

Guo, Yuan-Ri,Choung, Se-Young Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 2017 Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology Vol.69 No.2

Synergistic Neuroprotective Effects of Mature Silkworm and Angelica gigas Against Scopolamine-Induced Mild Cognitive Impairment in Mice and H2O2-Induced Cell Death in HT22 Mouse Hippocampal Neuronal Cells

Yuan-Ri Guo,김휘,김민상,신명배,이주형,맹성호,차승윤,이정훈,고영호,김기영,강상국,박현우,서주원 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.5

We previously reported that mature Bombyx mori silkworm (SW) ameliorated scopolamine (Sco)-induced amnesia, and Angelica gigas (AG) prevented cognitive impairment. SW is known for its gastroprotective effects such as improving liver function and alleviating the effects of Parkinson's disease. AG is known for its neuroprotective effects and for lowering the effects of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, the neuroprotective effect of combined SW and AG (SWA-1) treatment and the underlying molecular mechanism by which SWA-1 regulates neurodegenerative diseases remains unclear. We evaluated the neuroprotective effect of SWA-1 against Sco-induced mild cognitive impairment in mice and H2O2-induced cell death in HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism. Morris water maze and Y-maze tests were performed to examine the learning and memory abilities of mice. The underlying molecular mechanism was investigated by using western blotting. We demonstrated that SWA-1 significantly protects against H2O2-induced cell death in HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells. SWA-1 also significantly reversed Sco-induced spatial learning and memory impairment. Specifically, SWA-1 upregulates the protein levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-related kinase (Erk1/2) and phosphorylated p38 MAP kinase (p38). SWA-1 remarkably decreased the apoptotic index Bax/Bcl2 expression in the hippocampus of Sco-treated mice. Our results suggest that SWA-1 may be administered as alternative therapy for cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases and should be studied further in human trials.