Plasma Phospholipids , including Plasmalogens , after Consumption of Diets Enriched in Long - chain n-3 Fatty Acids

Yeo, Young K .,Kim, Jong S .,Lee, Jong R .,Lee, Ji Y .,Chung, Sang W .,Kim, Hyo J .,Horrocks, Lloyd A .,Park, Young S . 생화학분자생물학회 2001 BMB Reports Vol.33 No.6

The level of long-chain n-3 fatty acids in chicken and pork can be increased by changing the diet of the animals. Increased levels of these essential fatty acids improve cardiovascular health in humans. The purpose of this study was to study the effects of the consumption of pork and chicken enriched in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on plasma lipids. The consumption of these products decreased the levels of two cardiovascular risk factors, LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerols, in the plasma of female college students. The effect on LDL-cholesterol differed from that of fish oil, which does not affect the level of LDL-cholesterol. The proportions of DHA in the triacylglycerols and the glycerophospholipids were increased markedly The greatest changes in the glycerophospholipids were in the ether types of the ethanolamine glycerophospholipids. Dietary DHA appears to be incorporated preferentially into the plasma ethanolamine plasmalogens, which can act as antioxidants. This agrees with our hypothesis that DHA stimulated the transcription of the genes for peroxisomal enzymes that are required for plasmalogen synthesis.

Decrease in Plasmalogens in Bovine Muscle Tissues Subjected to Electrical Stimulation

Young K. Yeo,Lloyd A. Horrocks 한국식품과학회 1993 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.2 No.2

Plasma Phospholipids, including Plasmalogens, after Consumption of Diets Enriched in Long-chain n-3 Fatty Acids

Yeo, Young-K.,Kim, Jong-S.,Lee, Jong-R.,Lee, Ji-Y.,Chung, Sang-W.,Kim, Hyo-J.,Horrocks, Lloyd A.,Park, Young-S. Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2000 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.33 No.6

The level of long-chain n-3 fatty acids in chicken and pork can be increased by changing the diet of the animals. Increased levels of these essential fatty acids improve cardiovascular health in humans. The purpose of this study was to study the effects of the consumption of pork and chicken enriched in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on plasma lipids. The consumption of these products decreased the levels of two cardiovascular risk factors, LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerols, in the plasma of female college students. The effect on LDL-cholesterol differed from that of fish oil, which does not affect the level of LDL-cholesterol. The proportions of DHA in the triacylglycerols and the glycerophospholipids were increased markedly. The greatest changes in the glycerophospholipids were in the ether types of the ethanolamine glycerophospholipids. Dietary DHA appears to be incorporated preferentially into the plasma ethanolamine plasmalogens, which can act as antioxidants. This agrees with our hypothesis that DHA stimulated the transcription of the genes for peroxisomal enzymes that are required for plasmalogen synthesis.

쥐의 척수에서 분이한 Alk - 1 - enylacyl , Alkylacyl 그리고 Diacyl GPC 와 GPE 의 지방성 acyl chain 의 구성

여영근 ( Young K . Yeo ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.3

The acyl group compositions of alk-1-enylacyl-, alkylacyl-, and diacyl-from spinal cord of five month old rats were examined. Diacyl-GPC (82.0%) showed the higheest proportion in diradly GPC, and alk-l-enylacyl (59.3%) was highest in diradyl GPE. The major acyl chain of alk-1-enylacyl GYC included C 16:0, C18:1 and C20:1, whereas alk-1-enylacyl GPE was mainly composed of C18:0, C18:1 and C20:1. In alkylacyl group, C 16:0, C 18:1 and C20:1 were main acyl groups in both CGP and EGP, and diacyl GPC showed high proportions of C 16:0, C 18:0 and C 18:1 while its GPE count-part showed high C 18:0, C 18:1 and C20:1 fatty acids. In general, small amounts of C 18:2, C22:4 (n-6), C22:5 (n-6) and C22:5 (n-3) were found in alk-1-enylacyl, alkylacyl and diacyl analogues of GPC and GPE. Lower rate of C18:1 (25.0%) from diacyl GPE was determined in this study than other studies.

사양방법을 달리한 소고기의 휘발성지방산 조성과 풍미에 관하여

여영근 ( Young K . Yeo ) 한국축산학회 1983 한국축산학회지 Vol.25 No.2

Flavor and volatile fatty acids of steaks from 90 steers were studied as days steers were fed corn were increased. Significant changes were observed in volatile fatty acids content by days on feed. Of all volatile fatty acids, acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, valeric, isocaproic, caproic acid showed significant effects with days on feed. As days on corn increased, milky-oily flavor and aroma decreased linearly while beef fat flavor and aroma increased linearly in intensity.

밀납 입힘이 Country 햄의 지방산에 미치는 영향

여영근 ( Young K . Yeo ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.6

Twenty hams from 10 hogs were prepared to study the effect of paraffin wax coating on fatty acid in country cured hams. Waxed hams had less butyric and isovaleric acids than unwaxed one in six months aged hams. Wax coating increased the relative levels of palmitoleic and linolenic acids. There was no significant wax coating influence on the other fatty acids of six months aged ham or any of the fatty acids of the twelve months aged hams. Acetic, isobutyric, isovaleric, myristic and palmitic acids increased with time of aging while propionic, butyric, stearic and oleic acids had no significant effect by aging.

중국IPO의 저가발행현상 분석 및 유통시장 투자기회 탐색

여환영(Hwan Young Yeo),박영규(Young K Park),차령(Ling Che) 한국경영학회 2013 經營學硏究 Vol.42 No.6

This paper divides the Chinese A-Share IPO returns into sub-categories such as initial return, return in the primary market, return in the secondary market, and initial realizable return to measure their size. Then we investigate their relationship between these various IPO returns and the typical IPO determinants. We found that 1) in general, the underpricing of Chinese IPOs is gradually decreasing, but the level of the underpricing is still high compared to the developed capital markets. ; 2) the large excess returns of Chinese IPOs mainly come from the initial return. ; 3) most of the initial return is explained by the return in the primary market whereas the proportion of the return in the secondary market is relatively small. ; 4) the return in the primary market is significantly related to the typical IPO determinants(eg. AGE, GAP, ZQL, Reputation, etc.), while the return in the secondary market is not, except the turnover. ; 5) investors who fail to subscribe the competitive IPO stock can still obtain the positive return in the secondary market only if they invest in the stock with high turnover on the initial listing day. We conclude that Chinese IPOs give significant amount of positive returns to the intial subscribers due to their significant underpricing. However, the stock prices recover the most of their fair value on the date of their listing. Therefore, it is difficult to profit from investing in the IPO stocks once they are listed in the secondary market. If a investor still wants to invest in the Chinese IPO stocks in the secondary market, we advise her consider the turnover of the target stock.

유지방의 특성과 변화

여영근,최병국,임아영,김효정,김수민,김대곤 한국유가공기술과학회 1998 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.16 No.2

The lipids of milk provide energy and many essential nutrients for the newborn animal. They also have distinctive physical properties that affect the processing of dairy products. Milk fat globules mainly consist of neutral lipids like triacylglycerols, whereas the globule membranes contain the complex lipids mostly. Phospholipids are a small but important fraction of the milk lipids and are found mainly in the milk fat globule membrane and other membranous material in the skim-milk phase. The milk fats of ruminant animals are characterized by the presence of relatively high concentrations of short-chain fatty acids, especially butyric and hexanoic acids, which are rarely found in milks of non-ruminants. The fatty acids of milk lipids arise from de novo synthesis in the mammary gland and uptake from the circulating blood. The fatty acid compositions of milks are usually complex and distinctive, depending on the nature of the fatty acids synthesized de novo in the mammary gland and those received from the diet in each species. The content and composition of milks from different species vary widely: presumably, these are evolutionary adaptations to differing environments. The actual process by which these globules are formed is unkonwn, but there are indications that triglyceride-containing vesicles which bleb from endoplasmic reticulum may serve as nucleation sites for globules. Recent studies on milk have centred on the manipulation of milk lipids to increase specific fatty acids, i.e. 20-carbon omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid 20:5n3, decosahexaenoic acid 22:6n3) from marine sources because the fatty acids are closely associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease.

Beef loin 의 휘발성 풍미 화합물의 확인

여영근 한국축산학회 1984 한국축산학회지 Vol.26 No.8

From foasted beef top loin steak, volatile flavor compounds were identified by gas-chromatograph using three different columns and mass spectrometer. A total of 37 compounds was found from the head space of saturated aqueous meat slurry of the roasted beef loin. They included 10 volatile fatty acids, 7 hydrocarbons, 14 alcohols, and 6 aldehydes. Among them, 13 compounds were newly found in this study.

Early- vs late-onset subcortical vascular cognitive impairment

Jang, Young Kyoung,Kwon, Hunki,Kim, Yeo Jin,Jung, Na Yeon,Lee, Jin San,Lee, Juyoun,Chin, Juhee,Im, Kiho,Jeon, Seun,Lee, Jong Min,Seong, Joon-Kyoung,Kim, Jeong Hun,Kim, Seonwoo,Choe, Yearn Seong,Lee, K American Academy of Neurology 2016 Neurology Vol.86 No.6

<P>Objective:To evaluate the differences between early-onset subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (EO-SVCI) and late-onset subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (LO-SVCI) with regard to pathologic burden, structural changes, and cognitive function.Methods:We prospectively recruited 142 patients from a single referral center. Patients were divided into EO-SVCI (n = 30, age at onset <65 years) and LO-SVCI (n = 112, age at onset 65 years) groups. All patients underwent neuropsychological tests, 3T brain MRI, and [C-11] Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET. We compared pathologic burden such as small vessel disease and amyloid burden; structural changes such as structural network, cortical thickness, and hippocampal volume; and cognitive function between EO-SVCI and LO-SVCI.Results:EO-SVCI patients had more lacunes, while LO-SVCI patients had higher PiB standardized uptake value ratios. EO-SVCI patients exhibited more severe structural network disruptions in the frontal area, while LO-SVCI patients exhibited more severe cortical and hippocampal atrophy. Although disease severity did not differ between the 2 groups, frontal-executive dysfunction was more severe in EO-SVCI patients.Conclusions:EO-SVCI patients showed more vascular related factors, while LO-SVCI patients exhibited more Alzheimer disease-related characteristics. The greater number of lacunes in EO-SVCI might account for the more severe frontal network disruption and frontal-executive dysfunction, while the greater amyloid burden in LO-SVCI might account for the more severe cortical and hippocampal atrophy. Our findings suggest that the age at onset is a crucial factor that determines distinct features in SVCI patients, such as pathologic burden, structural changes, and cognitive function.</P>