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Heo, Ju Young,Kang, Se Hun,Kim, Young-Hwa,You, Suyeon,Jin, Kyeong Sik,Kim, Seung Won,Jung, Hye-youn,Jung, Kyung Oh,Lee, Chul-Hee,Kim, Mi Jung,Sung, Soo-Eun,Kim, Boram,Choi, Insung S.,Youn, Hyewon,Chun Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Chemical science Vol.8 No.7
<▼1><P>A simple strategy to enhance the tumor-targeting efficiency of PEGylated nanocarriers is demonstrated.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Achieving accurate and efficacious tumor targeting with minimal off-target effects is of paramount importance in designing diagnostic and therapeutic agents for cancer. In this respect, nanocarriers have gained enormous popularity because of their attainable multifunctional features, as well as tumor-targeting potential by extravasation. However, once administered into the bloodstream, nanocarriers face various <I>in vivo</I> obstacles that may significantly impair their performance needed for clinical translation. Herein, we demonstrate a strategy to enhance tumor-targeting efficiency by embedding functionalities in the interior region of partially PEGylated nanocarriers (<I>ca.</I> 10 nm in diameter), intended for active or passive targeting. The cooperative impact of these topologically inner functional groups (IFGs) was marked: enhancements of >100-fold in IC<SUB>50</SUB><I>in vitro</I> (<I>e.g.</I>, a high-avidity ligand with cationic IFGs) and >2-fold in tumor accumulation at 2 h post-injection <I>in vivo</I> (<I>e.g.</I>, a high-avidity ligand with anionic IFGs), both against the fully PEGylated counterpart. Analogous to allosteric modulators, properly employed IFGs may substantially improve the process of effectively directing nanocarriers to tumors, which is otherwise solely dependent on avidity or extravasation.</P></▼2>
( Jung Joon Min ),( Uyen Chi N Le ),( Ho Jae Han ),( Hyun Suk Lee ),( Sung Min Moon ),( Jung Sun Heo ),( Yun Jung Lee ),( Kyu Youn Ahn ),( Kwang Sung Park ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2008 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.5 No.4
The detection of implanted stem cells in vivo almost always depends on postmortem histology. In this study, we sought to demonstrate the feasibility of adenovirus-mediated transient expression of the firefly luciferase(Fluc) reporter gene and longitudinal monitoring of implanted embryonic stem(ES) cells in rat corpus cavernosum by optical bioluminescence. Mouse ES cells(ES-E14TG2a) were transiently transfected with Ad-CMVFluc( MOI=100) and implanted into the corpus cavernosum of male Sprague-Dawley rats that were derived into the following groups: sham operated controls and injection of 5 different doses of ES cells(1×103, 1×104, 1×105, 1×106 and 5×106). Cell survival was assessed histologically and by bioluminescence imaging every other day after cellular implantation. All injected rats with cell numbers over 1×104 revealed the bioluminescence in the genital area until terminating the experiment(for 2 weeks), and histology showed increased smooth muscle contents compared to control rats. The study demonstrated a feasibility of adenovirus-mediated transduction of an imaging reporter gene applied for optical imaging of ES cells. The location, magnitude and survival of ES cells in rat corpus cavernosum can be monitored noninvasively with bioluminescence imaging system.
Heo, Youn-Jung,Jung, Yen-Sook,Hwang, Kyeongil,Kim, Jueng-Eun,Yeo, Jun-Seok,Lee, Sehyun,Jeon, Ye-Jin,Lee, Donmin,Kim, Dong-Yu American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.45
<P>For the first time, the photovoltaic modules composed of small molecule were successfully fabricated by using roll-to-roll compatible printing techniques. In this study, blend films of small molecules, BTR and PC71BM were slot-die coated using a halogen-free solvent system. As a result, high efficiencies of 7.46% and 6.56% were achieved from time-consuming solvent vapor annealing (SVA) treatment and roll to-roll compatible solvent additive approaches, respectively. After successful verification of our roll-to-roll compatible method on small-area devices, we further fabricated large-area photovoltaic modules with a total active area of 10 cm(2), achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.83%. This demonstration of large-area photovoltaic modules through roll-to roll compatible printing methods, even based on a halogen-free solvent, suggests the great potential for the industrial-scale production of organic solar cells (OSCs).</P>
Heo, Youn-Jung,Kim, Jueng-Eun,Weerasinghe, Hasitha,Angmo, Dechan,Qin, Tianshi,Sears, Kallista,Hwang, Kyeongil,Jung, Yen-Sook,Subbiah, Jegadesan,Jones, David J.,Gao, Mei,Kim, Dong-Yu,Vak, Doojin Elsevier 2017 Nano energy Vol.41 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report organic cation additives in lead iodide solutions as a practical approach for roll-to-roll production of perovskite solar cells. Sequential deposition, which is known to be more reliable than 1 step process, is modified to be even more reliable and suitable in roll-to-roll process. Addition of less than stoichiometric amount of organic cations in PbI<SUB>2</SUB> solution effectively improves processability by working as crystallization retardant and make dried PbI<SUB>2</SUB> film more reactive for faster conversion to perovskite. The printing-friendly sequential deposition is used in air with slot die coating, an industrial up-scaling technique, to produce a perovskite solar cell on glass with a 14.4% power conversion efficiency (PCE). The process is then used in actual roll-to-roll machine in air to produce flexible perovskite solar cells with up to 11.0% PCE.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Conventional sequential deposition is modified to be more suitable for roll-to-roll process. </LI> <LI> Reactive intermediate shows more rapid conversion to perovskite than conventional PbI<SUB>2</SUB> intermediate. </LI> <LI> Fully slot die coated perovskite solar cells under ambient condition shows a power conversion efficiency of 14.4%. </LI> <LI> Roll-to-roll processed flexible perovskite solar cells show power conversion efficiency of 11%. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Heo, Yu-Jung,Oh, Hye-Jwa,Jung, Young Ok,Cho, Mi-La,Lee, Seon-Yeong,Yu, Jun-Geol,Park, Mi-Kyung,Kim, Hae-Rim,Lee, Sang-Heon,Park, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Ho-Youn BioMed Central 2011 ARTHRITIS RESEARCH AND THERAPY Vol.13 No.4
<P><B>Introduction</B></P><P>The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of arthritis. We conducted this study to determine the effect of interleukin (IL)-17 on the expression and production of RAGE in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The role of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activator 1 (Act1) in IL-17-induced RAGE expression in RA-FLS was also evaluated.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>RAGE expression in synovial tissues was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. RAGE mRNA production was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Act-1 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was produced and treated to evaluate the role of Act-1 on RAGE production.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>RAGE, IL-17, and Act-1 expression increased in RA synovium compared to osteoarthritis synovium. RAGE expression and production increased by IL-17 and IL-1β (*<I>P <</I>0.05 vs. untreated cells) treatment but not by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in RA-FLS. The combined stimuli of both IL-17 and IL-1β significantly increased RAGE production compared to a single stimulus with IL-17 or IL-1β alone (<I>P <</I>0.05 vs. 10 ng/ml IL-17). Act-1 shRNA added to the RA-FLS culture supernatant completely suppressed the enhanced production of RAGE induced by IL-17.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>RAGE was overexpressed in RA synovial tissues, and RAGE production was stimulated by IL-17 and IL-1β. Act-1 contributed to the stimulatory effect of IL-17 on RAGE production, suggesting a possible inhibitory target for RA treatment.</P>
Choi, Youn Jung,Yun, Hae Keun,Park, Kyo Sun,Noh, Jeong Ho,Heo, Youn Young,Kim, Seung Hui,Kim, Dae Won,Lee, Hee Jae Elsevier 2010 Journal of plant physiology Vol.167 No.13
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Genes related with defense responses were screened from the cDNA library constructed with <I>Rhizobium vitis</I>-inoculated or salicylic acid (SA)-treated ‘Tamnara’ grapevine (<I>Vitis</I> sp.) leaves. Among 13,728 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from ‘Tamnara’ grapevine upon <I>R. vitis</I> inoculation and SA treatment, 6776 unigenes containing 1915 contigs and 4860 singletons were obtained. In gene ontology analysis, there were about 3200 clones related with biological process, 3555 with molecular function, and 3354 with cellular component genes. Proteins of secretory organ (35%), plasma membrane (30%), endoplasmic reticulum (20%), and vacuole (11%) were predicted. Photosynthesis-related genes and defense-related genes were most abundant. Among ESTs, 199 resistance-related ones were mapped to the genome of <I>Vitis vinifera</I> L. with three markers, GLP1–12, MHD98, and MHD145, which are known to be linked to resistance against powdery mildew. Approximately, 120 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) detected in cDNAs could be used as EST-derived SSR markers in disease resistant grape breeding.</P>