Profile of disposition, tissue distribution and excretion of the novel anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agent W-1 in rats

Ying-Yuan Lu,Xiao-Wei Wang,Xin Wang,Wen-Bing Dai,Qiang Zhang,Pu Li,Ya-Qing Lou,Chuang Lu,Jun-Yi Liu,Guo-Liang Zhang 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.7

The purpose of this study was to characterize the disposition, distribution, excretion and plasma protein binding of 6-benzyl-1-benzyloxymethyl-5-iodouracil (W- 1) in rats. Concentrations of W-1 within biological samples were determined using a validated high performance liquid chromatography method. The plasma protein binding of W-1 was examined by equilibrium dialysis method. After oral administration of W-1 (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively) in self-microemulsifying drug delivery system formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of W-1 were as follows: the peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) were 0.42, 1.50 and 2.55 μg/mL, the area under the curve (AUC0-t) were 0.89, 2.27 and 3.96 lg/h mL and the plasma half-life (t1/2) were 5.15, 3.77 and 3.77 h, respectively. Moreover, the prototype of W-1 was rapidly and extensively distributed into fifteen tissues, especially higher concentrations were detected in intestine, stomach and liver, respectively. The plasma protein binding of W-1 in rat, beagle dog and human were in the range of 97.96–99.13 %. This study suggested that W-1 has an appropriate pharmacokinetics in rats, such as rapid absorption, moderate clearance, and rapid distribution to multiple tissues. Those properties provide important information for further development W-1 as an anti-HIV-1 drug candidate.

Morphological study on the mouthparts of four adult Aphodiinae beetles (Coleoptera: Aphodiinae)

Lu Ying,Zhang Junyi,Fang Hong 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.4

Aphodiinae belong to Scarabaeidae, which are important environment-cleaning insects. In this study, the ul trastructural characteristics of the mouthparts (including the epipharynx, mandible and maxillae) of adult Aphodiinae, namely, Phaeaphodius rectus, Colobopterus erraticus, Paracrossidius transmontanus and Rhyparus sp., were systematically studied. The results are as follows: I. Rhyparus sp. exhibits saprophagy, while the others exhibit coprophagy. II. The three kinds of coprophagous Aphodiinae are all likely to feed on fresh dung. Among them, C. erraticus not only feeds on dung with the highest moisture content but also ingests solid food particles with the smallest diameter. Saprophagous Rhyparus sp. can ingest solid food particles with the largest diameter but feeds on humus with the lowest moisture content. The mouthpart structures of the Aphodiinae were highly consistent with their feeding habits. III. The findings support the utility of the epipharynx as an important morphological characteristic for classification of Aphodiinae at the genus and higher taxonomic levels. However, whether this inference is valid still needs to be verified by molecular biological data. In conclusion, the results of this study not only complement morphological information on the mouthparts of Aphodiinae but also provide basic data for further research on the evolution of the mouthparts of Aphodiinae.

중국 그린소비 담론의 탐색적 연구: 텍스트마이닝과 감성분석을 중심으로

Ying Lu,박상도 한국유통경영학회 2023 유통경영학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Purpose: China’s green consumption is crucial for implementing sustainable development goals and carbon neutrality. The public practices China’s green consumption, and we need to understand macroscopically the changing trend and prepare strategically for related industries/products. We need the wisdom to draw strategic implications for future competition and cooperation by analyzing the green consumption discourse. Research design, data, and methodology: First, we analyzed China’s previous studies and policies on green consumption. In addition, discourses were collected under the theme of green consumption, and text mining and sentiment analysis were performed. The data used was collected based on the online channels Baidu and CNKI. Text mining utilized TF-IDF and centrality, and sentiment analysis was conducted using the sentiment dictionary. Results: As a result of text mining, the social transition to green consumption was characterized by a change from government-led to business-led and citizen-led. In particular, words related to digital transformation have recently been attracting attention, suggesting that science and technology should be incorporated into the green consumption transformation process. As a result of the sentiment analysis, it was found that the general public had a positive evaluation of green consumption during the entire period. Although there was some lack of understanding and indifference to green consumption, it was found that they generally had hope for conversion to green consumption. Implications: First, as China’s green consumption transition progresses rapidly, the government and businesses should pay attention to technological changes and export indicators related to green consumption. Second, it is necessary to establish a good image of Korean companies by actively carrying out CSR activities to spread green consumption awareness. Third, concerning carbon neutrality and environmental protection issues, it is necessary to pay attention to environmental regulations and subsidies in the Chinese market and prepare strategies for entering the Chinese market.

Mechanism of stress-whitening in semicrystalline polymers

Ying Lu,Yaotao Wang,Yongfeng Men 한국고분자학회 2016 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.41 No.2

Wet-Spinning Fabrication of Flexible Conductive Composite Fibers from Silver Nanowires and Fibroin

Ying Lu,Jianwei Jiang,Sanghyuk Park,Dong Wang,Longhai Piao,Jinkwon Kim 대한화학회 2020 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.41 No.2

Biocompatible flexible conductive composite fibers have attracted great research interest because of multitude of their potential applications, such as wearable devices, biomedical sensors, and actuators. Herein, highly conductive and flexible silver nanowire (AgNW)/fibroin composite fibers were fabricated by using a wet-spinning technique. The composite fiber conductivity was as high as 5670?S/cm at an AgNW concentration of 29.1?wt%. The composite fibers also exhibited high flexibilities and could be folded without losing their conductivities. Furthermore, the composite fiber fabricated with a 3? draw ratio exhibited a breaking strain of 27.3% and breaking stress of 118.1 cN/dtex. Our attempt to produce such biocompatible flexible conductive composite fibers by using sustainable regenerated silk fibroins and compatible AgNWs via wet spinning may provide a practical way for fabricating functional biocompatible fiber materials.

Study on the Application of Ant Colony Algorithm in the Route of Internet of Things

Ying Lu,Wen Hu 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.7 No.3

Risk Assessment of Secondary Primary Malignancies in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Big-Data Intelligence Platform-Based Analysis of 6,377 Long-term Survivors from an Endemic Area Treated with Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy during 2003-2013

Lu-Lu Zhang,Guo-Hong Li,Yi-Yang Li,Zhen-Yu Qi,Ai-Hua Lin,Ying Sun 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.3

Purpose The incidence, risk factors and survival impact of secondary primary malignancies (SPMs) among survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with definitive intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with or without chemotherapy are poorly characterized. Materials and Methods Consecutive patients (n=6,377) from the big-data intelligence platform at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, China (in a high-incidence area) with newly diagnosed non-metastatic pathologically proven non-keratinizing undifferentiated NPC treated with IMRT±chemotherapy between January 2003 and June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Cumulative incidence of SPMs was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify potential risk factors for SPMs and assess whether SPMs affect overall survival. Results Of the 6,377 patients, 189 (3.0%) suffered SPMs (median follow-up, 62 months). One-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-cumulative risks of SPMs were 0.4%, 0.9%, 1.6%, 2.2%, and 2.6%, respectively. Latency from start of IMRT to SPMs diagnosis was 37 months (range, 6 to 102 months). In patients with SPMs, 14.3% suffered SPMs within 1 year post-IMRT: 1-3 years, 38.1%; 3-5 years, 33.9%; and > 5 years, 13.7%. Lung cancer was the most common SPM (50/6,377, 0.78%). Multivariate analysis demonstrated sex (male, 64% increase), age (! 50 years, 68% increase), and smoking history (41% increase) were significant risk factors for SPMs, and SPMs were associated with poorer overall survival. Conclusion This large cohort study confirms SPMs a dreadful complication for long-term survivors of NPC treated with IMRT. SPMs negatively impact overall survival in NPC. Close follow-up is recommended for older male survivors with a smoking history.

Proposal of a Pretreatment Nomogram for Predicting Local Recurrence after Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in T4 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Retrospective Review of 415 Chinese Patients

Lu-Lu Zhang,Yi-Yang Li,Jiang Hu,Guan-Qun Zhou,Lei Chen,Wen-Fei Li,Ai-Hua Lin,Jun Ma,Zhen-Yu Qi,Ying Sun 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.4

Purpose Local relapse-free survival (LRFS) differs widely among patients with T4 category nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We aimed to build a nomogram incorporating clinicopathological information to predict LRFS in T4 NPC after definitive intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Materials and Methods Retrospective study of 415 Chinese patients with non-metastatic T4 NPC treated with definitive IMRT with or without chemotherapy at our cancer center between October 2009 and September 2013. The nomogram for LRFS at 3 and 5 years was generated based on multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, and validated using bootstrap resampling, assessing discriminative performance using the concordance index (C-index) and determining calibration ability via calibration curves. Results Five-year LRFS was 88.8%. We identified and incorporated four independent prognostic factors for LRFS: ethmoid sinus invasion, primary gross tumor volume, age, and pretreatment body mass index. The C-index of the nomogram for local recurrence was 0.732 (95% confidence interval, 0.726 to 0.738), indicating excellent predictive accuracy. The calibration curve revealed excellent agreement between nomogram-predicted and observed LRFS probabilities. Risk subgroups based on total point score cutoff values enabled effective discrimination of LRFS. Conclusion This pretreatment nomogram enables clinicians to accurately predict LRFS in T4 NPC after definitive IMRT, and could help to facilitate personalized patient counselling and treatment strategies.

Fire Location for High and Large-Span Space Buildings based on Binocular Stereo Vision

Lu Ying,Wang Huiqin,Wang Ke 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.10

To meet the demand for the early location of fire in large-span space buildings, an accurate fire location method is proposed based on machine vision technology. A nonlinear implicit camera calibration method is proposed by combining an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) method with least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) to solve the problem that it is difficult to establish accurate mathematical models for traditional nonlinear explicit camera calibration. The matched pixel coordinates of images collected by cameras are used as input, and the output is the world coordinates. The IPSO is used to search the optimal parameters of LS-SVM regression model to increase the convergence speed and improve the generalization ability of LS-SVM. The spatial location of fire is achieved by three-dimensional reconstruction. The proposed method is applied to fire location for high and large buildings, and experimental results show that the method is effective, fast and accurate.

Deficiency of Follistatin-Like Protein 1 Accelerates the Growth of Breast Cancer Cells at Lung Metastatic Sites

Ying Zhang,Xiaozhou Xu,Ying Yang,Jie Ma,Lulu Wang,Xiangzhi Meng,Bing Chen,Ling Qin,Tao Lu,Yan Gao 한국유방암학회 2018 Journal of breast cancer Vol.21 No.3

Purpose: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) is a secreted glycoprotein that has been shown to play a role in various types of cancer. However, the clinical significance and function of FSTL1 in breast cancer have not been reported. We investigated the role of FSTL1 in breast cancer in this study. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, western blot analysis, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to monitor the expression of FSTL1 in breast cancer tissue and in serum samples from breast cancer patients. We employed a 4T1 breast cancer model and Fstl1+/− mice for in vivo studies. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, western blot analysis, and RNA sequencing were used to analyze the effect of FSTL1 on primary tumor growth and lung metastasis. Results: We demonstrated that the expression of FSTL1 is reduced in both the breast cancer tissue and the serum of breast cancer patients. We showed that reduced levels of FSTL1 in serum correlate with elevated expression of Ki-67 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in cancer tissues. Moreover, lowered expression of FSTL1 was associated with decreased survival in breast cancer patients. Experiments on the Fstl1+/− mouse model established that FSTL1 deficiency had no effect on primary tumor growth, but increased the lung metastases of breast cancer cells, resulting in reduced survival of tumor-bearing mice. RNA sequencing found significantly reduced expression of Egln3 and increased expression of EGFR in Fstl1+/− mice. Thus, our results suggest that FSTL1 may affect the expression of EGFR through Egln3, inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells at lung metastatic sites. Conclusion: In conclusion, we suggest a suppressor role of FSTL1 in breast cancer lung metastasis. Furthermore, FSTL1 may represent a potential prognostic biomarker and a candidate therapeutic target in breast cancer patients.