중국에서의 한국어(조선어) 교육에 관한 고찰

김영옥 청람어문교육학회 2003 청람어문교육 Vol.26 No.-

이 글에서는 중국에서의 한국어(조선어) 교육의 역사와 현황을 고찰하고 그 성과와 문제점들을 짚어보았다. 중국에서의 한국어(조선어) 교육은 두 가지 의미를 가지고 있다. 즉 조선족들을 위한 민족어 교육으로서의 학교 교육과 중국인을 위한 제2언어로서의 한국어(조선어) 교육이다. 중국에는 약 200만 명의 조선족들이 살고 있다. 그들은 중국의 소수민족(少數民族) 교육 정책에 따라 어릴 적부터 정규적인 민족어 교육을 받을 수 있다. 민족 집거(潗居) 지역을 중심으로 유치원부터 고등학교까지 한국어(조선어) 교육이 보편화되어 있으며, 「조선어문(朝鮮語文) 」,과 「한어문(漢語文)」을 동시에 배운다. 제2언어로서의 한국어(조선어) 교육은 주로 중국인을 대상으로 하고 중국과 남복한의 여러 분야의 교류에 필요한 인재와 전문 인력을 양성하기 위한 교육이다. 현재까지 중국에서의 한국어(조선어) 교육은 비록 굴곡적인 과정도 거치기는 했지만 매우 큰 성과를 이룩하였다. 그러나 한국어(조선어) 교육에 여러 가지 한계와 문제점들이 존재하고 있는 것도 엄연한 사실이다. 중국에서의 한국어(중국어) 교육의 이러한 한계와 문제점들은 중국 교육 제도와 교육 과정 자체와 연관되기도 한다. 그러나 교재 ·문법체계·고유문화 등 여러 가지 면에서 남북한의 전폭적인 지원과 밀접한 교류와 협력이 절대적으로 필요한 문제 이기도 하다. 중국에서의 한국어(조선어) 교육을 더욱 활성화하고 발전시키려면 한국어(조선어) 교육에 관심이 있는 모든 사람들의 지속적인 노력이 필요할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the history and the actual conditions of the Korean Language Education in China and get the results and problems of it. There are two meanings in the Korean Language Education of China. One is the racial language education for China-Koreans in schools and the other is as the second language for Chinese. China has about two millions of China-Koreans. They can be educated regularly in racial language from their childhood according to the Educational Policy for a minority in China. The Korean Language is educated generally from kindergarten to high school around China-Koreans town. China-Koreans learn both Korean Language and Chinese Language. The Korean Language Education as the second language is generally for Chinese and for raising a man of ability and professional work forces needed in various parts of exchange between China and South and North Korea Up to now, the Korean Language Education in China obtains excellent results in spite of the difficult process. However, there are also many limits and problems in the Korean Language Education, This problem in China is related to Chinese Educational System and the Curriculum itself. And the problem needs strong support, exchange and cooperation between South and North Korea in many areas such as teaching materials, grammatical system and traditional culture. It needs continuous concerns and efforts of the people to activate and develop the Korean Language Education in China.

중국아동문학교육의 현황과 과제

김영옥 한국문학교육학회 2003 문학교육학 Vol.12 No.-

This thesis is designed to study the present situation and the subjects of the children literature education in China. With the changes and development of Chinese education, Chinese children literature education also experiences great changes and development. Chinese education and literatme education are two important parts of children education. This thesis investigates the characteristics of literature education in Chinese primary school education in detail, through the analysis of changes and development of Chinese primary school syllabus and teaching materials. In part one, we investigate the characteristics of the former reform in Chinese primary school syllabus and teaching materials. In part two, we indicate the characteristics of primary school literature education through the analysis of present syllabus and teaching materials. In the last part, we point out the subjects and aim of Chinese primary school literature education in future.

RNA sequencing reveals that Prx II gene knockout can down-regulate the allograft rejection of dermal mesenchymal stem cells

Han Ying-Hao,Mao Ying-Ying,Yu Nan-Nan,Jin Mei-Hua,Jin Ying-Hua,Wang Ai-Guo,Zhang Yong-Qing,Shen Gui-Nan,Cui Yu-Dong,Yu Li-Yun,Lee Dong-Seok,Jo Yu-Jin,Sun Hu-Nan,Kwon Jeongwoo,권태호 한국응용생명화학회 2020 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.63 No.3

In this study, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze and compare bulk cell samples from wild-type (WT) dermal mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) (n = 3) and Prx II knockout DMSCs (n = 3). The purpose of the study was to elucidate the role of Prx II on allogeneic immune rejection of transplanted DMSCs. The results revealed differential expression of 472 genes (176 up-regulated and 296 down-regulated; p ≤ 0.05) between the PrxII+/+ (WT) and PrxII−/− sample groups. When highly regulated genes were categorized according to the Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function classification and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, the PrxII−/− samples showed a robust downward trend in allograft rejection. The study identified 43 all immunologically rejected differentially expressed genes, of which 41 showed lower expression in the PrxII−/− vs. PrxII+/+ (WT) samples. These findings suggest that Prx II gene knockout may down-regulate the allograft rejection that occurs during DMSCs transplantation and improve the survival rate of DMSCs in the host. This study provides a new perspective on the clinical treatment of stem cell transplantation.

PLA Reforms as Seen from the Composition of the Central Military Commission of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

Ying Yu Lin 한국국방연구원 2019 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.31 No.4

Following the most recent round of military reforms launched in 2016, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), from the highest to the lowest echelons, has been moving in the direction dictated by President Xi Jinping. The major concern of the PLA, however, is the membership of the Central Military Commission (CMC). The list of candidates for the CMC of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was not decided until the rst plenary session of the Central Committee of the CPC after the 19th National Congress. The CMC retains its one chairman and two vice chairmen leadership structure, but only the chiefs of the Joint Staff Department and Political Work Department, the Minister of National Defense and the head of the Commission for Discipline Inspection are granted a seat in the CMC. As compared with the 18th CMC, the 19th CMC has fewer members. The decrease in the number of CMC members represents a change in the command structure of the PLA. From a hierarchical perspective, each level of command has its political and professional signicance, also tasked with different missions. All levels work together to manage the PLA, the world’s largest military force. From the change in the composition of the CMC, the selection of candidates for CMC membership, the qualications of the candidates in terms of grade and rank, and their functions, this study seeks to nd out the impact of the 19th CMC members and newly-appointed theater commands’ and the services’ commanding generals and admirals on the PLA reforms as well as the implications thereof.

Optimization of energy regeneration of hybrid hydraulic excavator boom system

Yu, Ying-Xiao,Ahn, Kyoung Kwan Elsevier 2019 Energy Conversion and Management Vol.183 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Saving energy is important and necessary for hydraulic excavators. This paper proposed a novel energy regeneration boom system. A variable displacement hydraulic motor and flow control valve were used to regulate the torque and speed of the generator, and to regulate flow through the hydraulic motor. A control strategy was proposed to calculate the optimal displacement of the hydraulic motor. The hydro-mechanical efficiency map and volumetric efficiency map were used to estimate the speed and torque of the generator instead of using speed and torque sensor. The resulting energy regeneration efficiency ranged from 33.8% to 57.4%, which cannot be realized in conventional boom system. Compared with conventional energy regeneration boom system, the improvement of energy regeneration efficiency with the proposed system was 3.2% to 4.1% for low and moderate velocities. A control strategy has been proposed to decrease the setup power of generator and ensure system safety in large load and high velocity mode.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A novel energy regeneration boom system is proposed in this paper. </LI> <LI> A control strategy is developed to optimize the energy regeneration efficiency. </LI> <LI> Efficiency is higher than the conventional energy regeneration system. </LI> <LI> The setup power of generator is decreased. </LI> <LI> System safety is improved in large load and high velocity mode. </LI> </UL> </P>

An electrochemical sensor based on [Ru(bpy)2dpp]2+/SMWCNTs/Au modified glassy carbon electrode for the detection of 5ʹ‑GMP

Yu Ying,Huan Siqi,Wang Xiaodan,Yang Cong,Liu Dengyong 한국응용생명화학회 2022 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.65 No.4

A sensitive electrochemical sensor for the selective detection of 5ʹ-guanylic acid (5ʹ-GMP) was prepared by combining sulfonated-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SMWCNTs) and [Ru(bpy)2dpp]Cl2, which were dripped on the surface of a glass carbon electrode (GCE) immobilized with gold nanoparticles. The 5ʹ-GMP electrochemical biosensor was fabricated using [Ru(bpy)2dpp]2+/SMWCNTs/Au/GCE as working, Ag/AgCl as reference and Pt as auxiliary electrode connected by an electrochemical workstation. The modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed the sensor’s response current had the best peak shape and maximum peak when the pH of electrolyte was 3, scan speed of CV was in the range of 100 to 180 mV/s, and the enrichment time was in the range of 200 to 300 s. Under the optimum conditions, a linear analytical curve was obtained for 5ʹ-GMP concentrations in the range of 0.01 to 0.5 mmol L− 1, with a detection limit of 0.0014 mmol L− 1. The analytical results of the 5ʹ-GMP sensor were exhibited good consistent with the data from liquid chromatography. The sensor has good reproducibility, long-term stability and strong immunity to interference, and may be a powerful device for 5ʹ-GMP detection, with great advantages such as simple preparation and operation, low equipment cost.

Detection of moving and static characters in surveillance video based on GMM and DPM

Yu-Xiang Ying(잉 위시앙),Sung Kwan(김성관),Jun Sun Choi(최준선),왕교선 대한전기학회 2018 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.-

How Infrastructure Funds Operate? Taiwan and Australia Experience

( Yu Ying Kuo ),( Ming Huei Cheng ),( Yu Chueh Tain ) 한국행정학회 2010 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2010 No.-

Comparing eight types of ginsenosides in ginseng of different plant ages and regions using RRLC-Q-TOF MS/MS

Yu-Lin Dai,Meng-Dan Qiao,Peng Yu,Fei Zheng,Hao Yue,Shu-Ying Liu 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2

Background: This article aims to compare and analyze the contents of ginsenosides in ginseng ofdifferent plant ages from different localities in China. Methods: In this study, 77 fresh ginseng samples aged 2e4 years were collected from 13 differentcultivation regions in China. The content of eight ginsenosides (Rg3, Rc, Rg1, Rf, Rb2, Rb1, Re, and Rd) wasdetermined using rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupoleetime-of-flighttandem mass spectrometry (RRLC-Q-TOF MS/MS) to comparatively evaluate the influences of cultivationregion and age. Results: Ginsenoside contents differed significantly depending on age and cultivation region. The contentsof ginsenosides Re, Rc, Rg1, Rg3, and Rf increased with cultivation age, whereas that of ginsenoside Rb1peaked in the third year of cultivation. Moreover, the highest ginsenoside content was obtained fromChangbai (19.36 mg/g) whereas the lowest content was obtained from Jidong (12.05 mg/g). Ginseng fromJilin Province contained greater total ginsenosides and was richer in ginsenoside Re than ginseng of thesame age group in Heilongjiang and Liaoning provinces, where Rb1 and Rg1 contents were relatively high. Conclusion: In this study, RRLC-Q-TOF MS/MS was used to analyze ginsenoside contents in 77 ginsengsamples aged 2e4 years from different cultivation regions. These patterns of variation in ginsenosidecontent, which depend on harvesting location and age, could be useful for interested parties to chooseginseng products according to their needs.

Study on Novel Structure and Control of Energy Saving of Hydraulic Hybrid Excavator

Ying-Xiao Yu,Kyoung-Kwan Ahn 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10

Facing the energy crisis and environmental problems, saving energy of hydraulic excavator is very important. This paper proposes a structure of hybrid hydraulic excavator as well as the control strategy. The system combines the advantages of STEAM system, IMV system and hydraulic transformer. The simulation is done by using AMESim software. From the simulation result, the proposed system can reduce energy consumption and reduce the install power of engine and displacement of pump. The boom also gets good performance.